server.py

################################################################################
#
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#
#  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
#  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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#  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
#  OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
#  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
#  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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#  DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

#from itertools import izip
from random    import normalvariate, random
from datetime  import timedelta, datetime

import csv
import dateutil.parser
import os.path

import operator
import json
import re
import threading

#from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler,HTTPServer
import http.server
from socketserver   import ThreadingMixIn

################################################################################
#
# Config

# Sim params

REALTIME    = True
SIM_LENGTH  = timedelta(days = 365 * 5)
MARKET_OPEN = datetime.today().replace(hour = 0, minute = 30, second = 0)

# Market parms
#       min  / max  / std
SPD  = (2.0,   6.0,   0.1)
PX   = (60.0,  150.0, 1)
FREQ = (12,    36,   50)

# Trades

OVERLAP = 4

################################################################################
#
# Test Data

def bwalk(min, max, std):
    """ Generates a bounded random walk. """
    rng = max - min
    while True:
        max += normalvariate(0, std)
        yield abs((max % (rng * 2)) - rng) + min

def market(t0 = MARKET_OPEN):
    """ Generates a random series of market conditions,
        (time, price, spread).
    """
    for hours, px, spd in zip(bwalk(*FREQ), bwalk(*PX), bwalk(*SPD)):
        yield t0, px, spd
        t0 += timedelta(hours = abs(hours))

def orders(hist):
    """ Generates a random set of limit orders (time, side, price, size) from
        a series of market conditions.
    """
    for t, px, spd in hist:
        stock = 'ABC' if random() > 0.5 else 'DEF'
        side, d  = ('sell', 2) if random() > 0.5 else ('buy', -2)
        order = round(normalvariate(px + (spd / d), spd / OVERLAP), 2)
        size  = int(abs(normalvariate(0, 100)))
        yield t, stock, side, order, size


################################################################################
#
# Order Book

def add_book(book, order, size, _age = 10):
    """ Add a new order and size to a book, and age the rest of the book. """
    yield order, size, _age
    for o, s, age in book:
        if age > 0:
            yield o, s, age - 1

def clear_order(order, size, book, op = operator.ge, _notional = 0):
    """ Try to clear a sized order against a book, returning a tuple of
        (notional, new_book) if successful, and None if not.  _notional is a
        recursive accumulator and should not be provided by the caller.
    """
    (top_order, top_size, age), tail = book[0], book[1:]
    if op(order, top_order):
        _notional += min(size, top_size) * top_order
        sdiff = top_size - size
        if sdiff > 0:
            return _notional, list(add_book(tail, top_order, sdiff, age))
        elif len(tail) > 0:
            return clear_order(order, -sdiff, tail, op, _notional)

def clear_book(buy = None, sell = None):
    """ Clears all crossed orders from a buy and sell book, returning the new
        books uncrossed.
    """
    while buy and sell:
        order, size, _ = buy[0]
        new_book = clear_order(order, size, sell)
        if new_book:
            sell = new_book[1]
            buy  = buy[1:]
        else:
            break
    return buy, sell

def order_book(orders, book, stock_name):
    """ Generates a series of order books from a series of orders.  Order books
        are mutable lists, and mutating them during generation will affect the
        next turn!
    """
    for t, stock, side, order, size in orders:
        if stock_name == stock:
            new = add_book(book.get(side, []), order, size)
            book[side] = sorted(new, reverse = side == 'buy', key = lambda x: x[0])
        bids, asks = clear_book(**book)
        yield t, bids, asks

################################################################################
#
# Test Data Persistence

def generate_csv():
    """ Generate a CSV of order history. """
    with open('test.csv', 'wb') as f:
        writer = csv.writer(f)
        for t, stock, side, order, size in orders(market()):
            if t > MARKET_OPEN + SIM_LENGTH:
                break
            writer.writerow([t, stock, side, order, size])

def read_csv():
    """ Read a CSV or order history into a list. """
    with open('test.csv', 'rt') as f:
        for time, stock, side, order, size in csv.reader(f):
            yield dateutil.parser.parse(time), stock, side, float(order), int(size)

################################################################################
#
# Server

class ThreadedHTTPServer(ThreadingMixIn, http.server.HTTPServer):
    """ Boilerplate class for a multithreaded HTTP Server, with working
        shutdown.
    """
    allow_reuse_address = True
    def shutdown(self):
        """ Override MRO to shutdown properly. """
        self.socket.close()
        http.server.HTTPServer.shutdown(self)

def route(path):
    """ Decorator for a simple bottle-like web framework.  Routes path to the
        decorated method, with the rest of the path as an argument.
    """
    def _route(f):
        setattr(f, '__route__', path)
        return f
    return _route

def read_params(path):
    """ Read query parameters into a dictionary if they are parseable,
        otherwise returns None.
    """
    query = path.split('?')
    if len(query) > 1:
        query = query[1].split('&')
        return dict(map(lambda x: x.split('='), query))

def get(req_handler, routes):
    """ Map a request to the appropriate route of a routes instance. """
    for name, handler in routes.__class__.__dict__.items():
        if hasattr(handler, "__route__"):
            if None != re.search(handler.__route__, req_handler.path):
                req_handler.send_response(200)
                req_handler.send_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')
                req_handler.send_header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*')
                req_handler.end_headers()
                params = read_params(req_handler.path)
                data = json.dumps(handler(routes, params)) + '\n'
                req_handler.wfile.write(bytes(data,  encoding = 'utf-8'))
                return

def run(routes, host = '0.0.0.0', port = 8080):
    """ Runs a class as a server whose methods have been decorated with
        @route.
    """
    class RequestHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
        def log_message(self, *args, **kwargs):
            pass
        def do_GET(self):
            get(self, routes)
    server = ThreadedHTTPServer((host, port), RequestHandler)
    thread = threading.Thread(target = server.serve_forever)
    thread.daemon = True
    thread.start()
    print ('HTTP server started on port 8080')
    while True:
        from time import sleep
        sleep(1)
    server.shutdown()
    server.start()
    server.waitForThread()

################################################################################
#
# App

ops = {
    'buy':  operator.le,
    'sell': operator.ge,
}

class App(object):
    """ The trading game server application. """

    def __init__(self):
        self._book_1    = dict()
        self._book_2    = dict()
        self._data_1    = order_book(read_csv(), self._book_1, 'ABC')
        self._data_2    = order_book(read_csv(), self._book_2, 'DEF')
        self._rt_start = datetime.now()
        self._sim_start, _, _  = next(self._data_1)
        self.read_10_first_lines()

    @property
    def _current_book_1(self):
        for t, bids, asks in self._data_1:
            if REALTIME:
                while t > self._sim_start + (datetime.now() - self._rt_start):
                    yield t, bids, asks
            else:
                yield t, bids, asks

    @property
    def _current_book_2(self):
        for t, bids, asks in self._data_2:
            if REALTIME:
                while t > self._sim_start + (datetime.now() - self._rt_start):
                    yield t, bids, asks
            else:
                yield t, bids, asks

    def read_10_first_lines(self):
            for _ in iter(range(10)):
                next(self._data_1)
                next(self._data_2)

    @route('/query')
    def handle_query(self, x):
        """ Takes no arguments, and yields the current top of the book;  the
            best bid and ask and their sizes
        """
        try:
            t1, bids1, asks1 = next(self._current_book_1)
            t2, bids2, asks2 = next(self._current_book_2)
        except Exception as e:
            print ("error getting stocks...reinitalizing app")
            self.__init__()
            t1, bids1, asks1 = next(self._current_book_1)
            t2, bids2, asks2 = next(self._current_book_2)
        t = t1 if t1 > t2 else t2
        print ('Query received @ t%s' % t)
        return [{
            'id': x and x.get('id', None),
            'stock': 'ABC',
            'timestamp': str(t),
            'top_bid': bids1 and {
                'price': bids1[0][0],
                'size': bids1[0][1]
            },
            'top_ask': asks1 and {
                'price': asks1[0][0],
                'size': asks1[0][1]
            }
        },
        {
            'id': x and x.get('id', None),
            'stock': 'DEF',
            'timestamp': str(t),
            'top_bid': bids2 and {
                'price': bids2[0][0],
                'size': bids2[0][1]
            },
            'top_ask': asks2 and {
                'price': asks2[0][0],
                'size': asks2[0][1]
            }
        }]

################################################################################
#
# Main

if __name__ == '__main__':
    if not os.path.isfile('test.csv'):
        print ("No data found, generating...")
        generate_csv()
    run(App())