diff --git a/pyrit/orchestrator/xpia_orchestrator.py b/pyrit/orchestrator/xpia_orchestrator.py
index f99134c35..0ad4a688d 100644
--- a/pyrit/orchestrator/xpia_orchestrator.py
+++ b/pyrit/orchestrator/xpia_orchestrator.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class XPIATestOrchestrator(Orchestrator):
     def __init__(
         self,
         *,
-        attack_content: str,  # TODO: generalize to multimodal
+        attack_content: str,
         processing_prompt: str,
         processing_target: PromptTarget,
         prompt_target: PromptTarget,
@@ -78,10 +78,6 @@ def __init__(
         self._attack_content = str(attack_content)
         self._processing_prompt = processing_prompt
 
-    @property
-    def requires_one_to_one_converters(self) -> bool:
-        return True
-
     def process(self) -> Score:
         logger.info(
             "Sending the following prompt to the prompt target (after applying prompt "
@@ -102,10 +98,12 @@ def process(self) -> Score:
             "normalizer_id": str(uuid4()),
         }
         try:
+            # Use the synchronous prompt sending method by default.
             processing_response = self._processing_target.send_prompt(
                 **processing_args
             )
         except NotImplementedError:
+            # Alternatively, use async if available.
             pool = concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor()
             processing_response = pool.submit(
                 asyncio.run,
diff --git a/tests/test_xpia_orchestrator.py b/tests/test_xpia_orchestrator.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a65dde94e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_xpia_orchestrator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT license.
+
+from typing import Generator
+from pyrit.interfaces import SupportTextClassification
+from pyrit.memory.memory_interface import MemoryInterface
+from pyrit.orchestrator.xpia_orchestrator import XPIATestOrchestrator
+import pytest
+
+from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
+
+from pyrit.prompt_target.prompt_target import PromptTarget
+from pyrit.models import Score
+from tests.mocks import get_memory_interface
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def memory_interface() -> Generator[MemoryInterface, None, None]:
+    yield from get_memory_interface()
+
+
+class MockPromptTarget(PromptTarget):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        memory: MemoryInterface = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(memory=memory)
+
+    def send_prompt(
+        self,
+        *,
+        normalized_prompt: str,
+        conversation_id: str,
+        normalizer_id: str,
+    ) -> str:
+        pass
+
+    async def send_prompt_async(
+        self,
+        *,
+        normalized_prompt: str,
+        conversation_id: str,
+        normalizer_id: str,
+    ) -> str:
+        pass
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def prompt_target(memory_interface) -> PromptTarget:
+    return MockPromptTarget(memory=memory_interface)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def processing_target() -> PromptTarget:
+    return MockPromptTarget()
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def success_scorer() -> SupportTextClassification:
+    scorer = Mock()
+    scorer.score_text = Mock(
+        return_value=Score(
+            score_type="bool",
+            score_value=True
+        )
+    )
+    return scorer
+
+
+def test_xpia_orchestrator_process(prompt_target, processing_target, success_scorer):
+    with patch.object(processing_target, "send_prompt") as mock_send_to_processing_target:
+        xpia_orchestrator = XPIATestOrchestrator(
+            attack_content="test",
+            processing_prompt="some instructions and the required <test>",
+            processing_target=processing_target,
+            prompt_target=prompt_target,
+            scorer=success_scorer,
+        )
+        score = xpia_orchestrator.process()
+        assert score.score_value
+        assert success_scorer.score_text.called_once
+        assert mock_send_to_processing_target.called_once
+
+
+def test_xpia_orchestrator_process_async(prompt_target, processing_target, success_scorer):
+    with patch.object(processing_target, "send_prompt") as mock_send_to_processing_target:
+        with patch.object(processing_target, "send_prompt_async") as mock_send_async_to_processing_target:
+            mock_send_to_processing_target.side_effect = NotImplementedError()
+            xpia_orchestrator = XPIATestOrchestrator(
+                attack_content="test",
+                processing_prompt="some instructions and the required <test>",
+                processing_target=processing_target,
+                prompt_target=prompt_target,
+                scorer=success_scorer,
+            )
+            score = xpia_orchestrator.process()
+            assert score.score_value
+            assert success_scorer.score_text.called_once
+            assert mock_send_to_processing_target.called_once
+            assert mock_send_async_to_processing_target.assert_called_once
+