diff --git a/implement-shell-tools/cat/my_cat.py b/implement-shell-tools/cat/my_cat.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb3b4e11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/implement-shell-tools/cat/my_cat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import argparse
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    prog="cat",
+    description="Read, display, and concatenate text files.",
+)
+
+parser.add_argument("-n", "--number", action="store_true", help="Number all output lines.")
+parser.add_argument("-b", "--number-nonblank", action="store_true", help="Number non-blank output lines.")
+parser.add_argument("paths", nargs="+", help="The file(s) to read.")
+
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+for path in args.paths:
+    try:
+        with open(path, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            lines = f.readlines()
+    except Exception as err:
+        print(f"Error reading file '{path}': {err}")
+        continue
+
+    line_num = 1
+
+    for line in lines:
+        should_number = False
+        if args.number_nonblank and line.strip():
+            should_number = True
+        elif args.number and not args.number_nonblank:
+            should_number = True
+
+        if should_number:
+            print(f"{line_num:6}\t{line}", end="")
+            line_num += 1
+        else:
+            print(line, end="")
+
+    
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/implement-shell-tools/ls/my_ls.py b/implement-shell-tools/ls/my_ls.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ecb13c65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/implement-shell-tools/ls/my_ls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import os
+import argparse
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    prog="ls",
+    description="List directory contents."
+)
+
+parser.add_argument("-1", "--one-per-line", action="store_true", help="List one file per line")
+parser.add_argument("-a", "--all", action="store_true", help="Include hidden files (those starting with .)")
+parser.add_argument("paths", nargs="*", default=["."], help="Directory path(s) to list")
+
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+for path in args.paths:
+    try:
+        entries = os.listdir(path)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"ls: cannot access '{path}': {e}")
+        continue
+
+    if not args.all:
+        entries = [entry for entry in entries if not entry.startswith(".")]
+
+    entries.sort()
+
+    if args.one_per_line:
+        for entry in entries:
+            print(entry)
+    else:
+        print("  ".join(entries))
diff --git a/implement-shell-tools/wc/my_wc.py b/implement-shell-tools/wc/my_wc.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6d12f082
--- /dev/null
+++ b/implement-shell-tools/wc/my_wc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import argparse
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    prog="wc",
+    description="Counts lines, words, and bytes in text files."
+)
+
+parser.add_argument("-l", "--lines", action="store_true", help="Print the line counts")
+parser.add_argument("-w", "--words", action="store_true", help="Print the word counts")
+parser.add_argument("-c", "--bytes", action="store_true", help="Print the byte counts")
+parser.add_argument("paths", nargs="+", help="One or more files to process")
+
+args = parser.parse_args()
+
+if not (args.lines or args.words or args.bytes):
+    args.lines = args.words = args.bytes = True
+
+total_lines = total_words = total_bytes = 0
+
+for path in args.paths:
+    try:
+        with open(path, "rb") as file:
+            content = file.read()
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"wc: {path}: {e}")
+        continue
+
+    lines = content.count(b'\n')
+    words = len(content.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').split())
+    byte_count = len(content)
+
+    if args.lines:
+        print(f"{lines:>8}", end=" ")
+    if args.words:
+        print(f"{words:>8}", end=" ")
+    if args.bytes:
+        print(f"{byte_count:>8}", end=" ")
+    
+    print(f"{path}")
+
+    total_lines += lines
+    total_words += words
+    total_bytes += byte_count
+
+if len(args.paths) > 1:
+    if args.lines:
+        print(f"{total_lines:>8}", end=" ")
+    if args.words:
+        print(f"{total_words:>8}", end=" ")
+    if args.bytes:
+        print(f"{total_bytes:>8}", end=" ")
+    print("total")
diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 241b62f5..00000000
--- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -euo pipefail
-
-# Do not change this part of the script - only change after the TODO comment.
-
-script_dir="$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" &> /dev/null && pwd)"
-if [[ "${script_dir}" != "$(pwd)" ]]; then
-  echo >&2 "ERROR: You haven't cd'd into the correct directory."
-  echo >&2 "For each exercise, you should cd to the directory containing the script before running it."
-  exit 1
-fi
-
-# TODO: Write a command to list the files and folders in this directory.
-# The output should be a list of names including child-directory, script-01.sh, script-02.sh, and more.
diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index d0a5a10f..00000000
--- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-set -euo pipefail
-
-# TODO: Write a command which lists all of the files in the directory named child-directory.
-# The output should be a list of names: helper-1.txt, helper-2.txt, helper-3.txt.