1.2_DataTypes.ipynb

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    "![Data Science Black@300x.png](https://i.imgur.com/KIHm5UF.png)\n",
    "\n",
    "# ¿Qué son los tipos de datos?\n",
    "\n",
    "En cualquier lenguaje de programación de alto nivel se manejan tipos de datos. Los tipos de datos definen un conjunto de valores que tienen una serie de características y propiedades determinadas.\n",
    "\n",
    "Para saber el tipo de un dato en python utilizamos la instrucción **type()**"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "## Tipo cadena de texto\n",
    "\n",
    "Conocido en Python como String o en su abreviacion\t**str**"
   ]
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    "type(\"este es un texto\")"
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       "'Este es un tipo texto'"
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    "'Este es un tipo cadena de texto en comillas simples'"
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       "'Tambien puedo escribir un tipo texto en comillas dobles'"
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   "source": [
    "\"Tambien puedo escribir un tipo texto en comillas dobles\""
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "Tambien puedes escribir tipo texto que tenga varias lineas, donde el caracter especial '\\n' se refiere al caracter nueva linea"
   ]
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      "text/plain": [
       "'\\nEste es un tipo texto\\nque puedo escribir en varias lineas\\n'"
      ]
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   "source": [
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "Este es un tipo texto\n",
    "que puedo escribir en varias lineas\n",
    "\"\"\""
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  },
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   "source": [
    "## Tipo Numero\n",
    "\n",
    "En Python representamos los números segun su tipo:\n",
    "\n",
    "- Entero\n",
    "- Flotante\n",
    "- Imaginarios"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "### Enteros\n",
    "\n",
    "Para un entero podemos escribir el numero solamente y Python lo va a aceptar como válido:"
   ]
  },
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       "int"
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   "source": [
    "type(1)"
   ]
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       "412312"
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    "412312"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "Tambien los numeros pueden ser negativos, utilizando el simbolo '-'"
   ]
  },
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    {
     "data": {
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       "-1"
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    "-1"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "Los enteros los podemos escribir tambien en 3 formas especiales adicionales que son binario, hexadecimal y octal."
   ]
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   "source": [
    "### Binario\n",
    "\n",
    "Para el binario utilizamos el caracter **0b** al principio y contamos solo con 0 y 1.\n",
    "\n",
    "Es decir con el numero **0b1** representamos el 1"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "type(0b1)"
   ]
  },
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "0b1"
   ]
  },
  {
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "0b0"
   ]
  },
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    "id": "PEn70Q7y5GNg"
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   "source": [
    "En binario, cada posicion de representa una potencia de 2 donde solo se suman los 1\n",
    "\n",
    "Por ejemplo el numero binario '0b101010' representa el entero 42 debido a que estamos sumando las siguientes potencias:\n",
    "\n",
    "2<sup>5</sup> + 2<sup>3</sup> + 2<sup>1</sup> osea 32 + 8 + 2 = 42\n",
    "\n",
    "![binario](https://i.imgur.com/O2QQopC.jpg)"
   ]
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       "42"
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   "source": [
    "0b101010"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "#### Hexadecimal\n",
    "\n",
    "Para el hexadecimal utilizamos el caracter **0x** al principio y contamos de 0 a f\n",
    "\n",
    "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f\n",
    "\n",
    "Es decir con el numero hexadecimal '0xa' representamos el '10'"
   ]
  },
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       "int"
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   "source": [
    "type(0xa)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0xa"
   ]
  },
  {
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    "id": "BgxQvmyr52RJ"
   },
   "source": [
    "Si llegamos a la letra 'f' entonces tenemos el numero 15"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "15"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
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   ],
   "source": [
    "0xf"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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    "id": "X0suWDx857-J"
   },
   "source": [
    "Para seguir contando necesitariamos agregar otro digito y seguir contando a desde el principio de '0' a partir del 15 osea 0x0f"
   ]
  },
  {
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    {
     "data": {
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       "15"
      ]
     },
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   ],
   "source": [
    "0x0f"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "Luego el cero cambia a '1' y la letra 'f' cambia a '0' para obtener 16 y luego a 1 para obtener 17 y asi sucesivamente:"
   ]
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     "data": {
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       "16"
      ]
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   "source": [
    "0x10"
   ]
  },
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    {
     "data": {
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       "17"
      ]
     },
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   ],
   "source": [
    "0x11"
   ]
  },
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    "id": "GxkLOuaq62AR",
    "outputId": "b06e1702-25c8-4593-8b3e-674965d90b97"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "18"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0x12"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "kw4FtpmG2kU3"
   },
   "source": [
    "#### Octal\n",
    "\n",
    "Para el Octal utilizamos el caracter **0o** al principio y contamos del 0 al 7\n",
    "\n",
    "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7\n",
    "\n",
    "Es decir con el numero octal '0o10' representamos el '8'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 519,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636481121766,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "WfwqbRan4Bbn",
    "outputId": "b94d9e0d-d6a0-4c3e-ba26-c727ad2ea270"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(0b0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 214,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636481902030,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "FV8GK90C6_vS",
    "outputId": "b974fefb-36f2-49e4-fd67-1854822f53de"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0o0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 551,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480890100,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "DTPmua7u28MG",
    "outputId": "2eb2bb7c-e365-4677-f8c7-06be994fe9aa"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "8"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0o10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 540,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480928699,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "dDVF6aVL3RiR",
    "outputId": "3732bfb7-43b1-4ea7-8ea1-09153f315a7c"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0o12"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 280,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636481068371,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "8JQwDd6n3ypv",
    "outputId": "2e3a3acc-d14c-41e9-dd7b-75d1ee43b107"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "15"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "0o17"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "J5H0wEPa0vFH"
   },
   "source": [
    "### Flotante\n",
    "\n",
    "Para un flotante, nos estamos refiriendo a un numero con punto decimal:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 462,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480285782,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "pEtH0KuI0t_9",
    "outputId": "e78263cb-d952-4d10-bbf1-82613f4e314e"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(3.141516)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 293,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480296315,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "I537C50h04Tt",
    "outputId": "46a32318-38af-49f1-eb9f-3cd283561fe8"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2.728127"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "2.728127"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "VAUUZ3eL0_md"
   },
   "source": [
    "Para un número imaginario colocamos la letra 'j' al lado del número:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 533,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480390632,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "15bwdBwW1Qd2",
    "outputId": "ba6c3169-134f-48f5-baf6-2c2aac154983"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2j"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "2j"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "d1Zi3yjs1Z3e"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Tipo Boleano\n",
    "\n",
    "Con el tipo booleano nos referimos al concepto de si algo es cierto o falso.\n",
    "\n",
    "En Python el tipo booleano principalmente se refiere a **True** o **False**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 516,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480504097,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "aVvHwxOy1qe-",
    "outputId": "53796d8d-d0b1-4786-b58d-774f919ea909"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "bool"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 350,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636480511616,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "frEAVi7e1toe",
    "outputId": "0fd44495-63c7-4224-c2f6-5158ef2fda2c"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "False"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "KN4NrvmY9Yx7"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Conversiones de Tipos de Datos\n",
    "\n",
    "Algunos de los tipos de datos que mencionamos anteriormente, pueden ser convertidos entre ellos siempre y cuando sea posible:\n",
    "\n",
    "- Para convertir a entero usamos la instruccion **int()**\n",
    "- Para convertir a flotante utilizamos la instruccion **float()**\n",
    "- Para convertir a cadena de texto utilizamos la instruccion **str()**\n",
    "\n",
    "Por ejemplo, podemos convertir el numero flotante 3.141516 a entero de la siguiente manera:\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 6,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636482777628,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "RJh8ippV-Ug-",
    "outputId": "5e98095d-eea6-495c-c14d-aca400ef3b04"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "int(3.141516)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "4e9NrtbU-ZTs"
   },
   "source": [
    "Tambien podemos convertir del tipo cadena a flotante utilizando str() y vicevesa con float()\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 35
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 229,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636483930931,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "U1tvyP1tClHi",
    "outputId": "2476bbbc-0b96-4275-8d66-5f08d43a6fb3"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
       "type": "string"
      },
      "text/plain": [
       "'3.141516'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "str(3.141516)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
    },
    "executionInfo": {
     "elapsed": 221,
     "status": "ok",
     "timestamp": 1636483938983,
     "user": {
      "displayName": "Faustino Aguilar",
      "photoUrl": "https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/a-/AOh14GgFcVwgoxf7itzyE0hwwpvYLYcPzzON79QhdlKYXg=s64",
      "userId": "09902268434297212750"
     },
     "user_tz": 300
    },
    "id": "oo8Lxl19CvT4",
    "outputId": "ff1270c4-02a5-48b0-a522-b7644459760f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3.141516"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "float(\"3.141516\") # Nótese las comillas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "XhJ_q9ReZXYD"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Contenedores básicos\n",
    "\n",
    "> Nota: Los objetos **mutables** pueden ser modificados después de su creación y los **inmutables** no.\n",
    "\n",
    "Los contenedores son objetos que pueden utilizarse para agrupar otros objetos. Los tipos de contenedores básicos son:\n",
    "\n",
    "- **`str`** (cadena: inmutable; indexada por enteros; los elementos se almacenan en el orden en que fueron añadidos)\n",
    "- **`list`** (lista: mutable; indexada por enteros; los elementos se almacenan en el orden en que se añaden)\n",
    "  - `[3, 5, 6, 3, 'perro', 'gato', Falso]`\n",
    "- (tupla: inmutable; indexada por enteros; los elementos se almacenan en el orden en que se añaden)\n",
    "  - (3, 5, 6, 3, 'perro', 'gato', Falso)`\n",
    "- **`set`** (set: mutable; no está indexado en absoluto; los elementos NO se almacenan en el orden en que se añadieron; sólo puede contener objetos inmutables; NO contiene objetos duplicados)\n",
    "  - `{3, 5, 6, 3, 'perro', 'gato', Falso}`\n",
    "- **`dict`** (diccionario: mutable; los pares clave-valor están indexados por claves inmutables; los elementos NO se almacenan en el orden en que se añadieron)\n",
    "  - `{'nombre': 'Jane', 'edad': 23, 'fav_foods': ['pizza', 'fruta', 'pescado']}`\n",
    "\n",
    "Cuando defina listas, tuplas o conjuntos, utilice comas (,) para separar los elementos individuales. Cuando defina dicts, utilice dos puntos (:) para separar las claves de los valores y comas (,) para separar los pares clave-valor.\n",
    "\n",
    "Las cadenas, las listas y las tuplas son todos **tipos de secuencia** que pueden utilizar los operadores `+`, `*`, `+=` y `*=`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "GjcS2o5yZXYD"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Assign some containers to different variables\n",
    "list1 = [3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False]\n",
    "tuple1 = (3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False)\n",
    "set1 = {3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False}\n",
    "dict1 = {'name': 'Jane', 'age': 23, 'fav_foods': ['pizza', 'fruit', 'fish']}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "tpP6BQ-VZXYD",
    "outputId": "a6998bb0-9166-4e6b-833f-e5d7944d9794"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False]"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Items in the list object are stored in the order they were added\n",
    "list1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "W9DCezxBZXYD",
    "outputId": "be175e61-e9ab-42ba-c606-52f38b3dbff6"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False)"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Items in the tuple object are stored in the order they were added\n",
    "tuple1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "VGG1rwgxZXYE",
    "outputId": "c5ab32bc-e347-4470-dc3b-58a8be587499"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{False, 3, 5, 6, 'dog', 'cat'}"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Items in the set object are not stored in the order they were added\n",
    "# Also, notice that the value 3 only appears once in this set object\n",
    "set1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "yIVGuMrDZXYE",
    "outputId": "e8ee4070-c2d5-4ee3-ec57-d533b55a2850"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'age': 23, 'fav_foods': ['pizza', 'fruit', 'fish'], 'name': 'Jane'}"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Items in the dict object are not stored in the order they were added\n",
    "dict1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "eJ6YBaksZXYF",
    "outputId": "a0eb7c22-3c93-4abc-f70b-9ec07d3c5c01"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False, 5, 'grapes']"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Add and re-assign\n",
    "list1 += [5, 'grapes']\n",
    "list1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "eqARyTkWZXYF",
    "outputId": "0d8ffaf1-0488-4c67-d0ea-3ce8acbec771"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat', False, 5, 'grapes')"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Add and re-assign\n",
    "tuple1 += (5, 'grapes')\n",
    "tuple1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "BTJfSR6JZXYF",
    "outputId": "58b1262d-3e41-4ca5-b8df-3024f3d9b82b"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4]"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Multiply\n",
    "[1, 2, 3, 4] * 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "1IcpGzWTZXYG",
    "outputId": "adc5f88a-e6b7-4060-bdb9-e0699cb74fcb"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4)"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Multiply\n",
    "(1, 2, 3, 4) * 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "euXYdnJmZXYG"
   },
   "source": [
    "## Acceso a los datos en los contenedores\n",
    "\n",
    "Para cadenas, listas, tuplas y dicts, podemos utilizar la **notación de subíndice** (corchetes) para acceder a los datos en un índice.\n",
    "\n",
    "- las cadenas, listas y tuplas están indexadas por enteros, **empezando por 0** para el primer elemento\n",
    "  - estos tipos de secuencias también permiten acceder a un rango de elementos, lo que se conoce como **corte**.\n",
    "  - utilizar la **indexación negativa** para empezar por el final de la secuencia\n",
    "- los dicts se indexan por sus claves\n",
    "\n",
    "> Nota: los conjuntos no están indexados, por lo que no podemos utilizar la notación de subíndice para acceder a los elementos de los datos."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "Y-1dX-z2ZXYG",
    "outputId": "1f105d7b-c956-45ef-c583-ecfa495f7c61"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access the first item in a sequence\n",
    "list1[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "2zD7v48wZXYG",
    "outputId": "1d28fc34-0f6a-4724-ef52-7c42c3b20560"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'grapes'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access the last item in a sequence\n",
    "tuple1[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "jtiuVBgQZXYG",
    "outputId": "b4492e96-2f14-4298-9907-e58c1d5617f0"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'examp'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access a range of items in a sequence\n",
    "simple_string1[3:8]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "p_FtfGgdZXYH",
    "outputId": "780574f9-5a6d-4832-ad6c-4dc17e69f3e5"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(3, 5, 6, 3, 'dog', 'cat')"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access a range of items in a sequence\n",
    "tuple1[:-3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "IeHw8fkVZXYH",
    "outputId": "3f619340-ee4a-4129-8991-8f001227f67f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['dog', 'cat', False, 5, 'grapes']"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access a range of items in a sequence\n",
    "list1[4:]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "vtw1EMFtZXYH",
    "outputId": "e1620a1f-c901-4091-fe73-3787ca71e6e2"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Jane'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access an item in a dictionary\n",
    "dict1['name']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true,
    "id": "k5csrQdsZXYH",
    "outputId": "d221934d-8681-4519-a309-10a5bfa76d7b"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'fish'"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Access an element of a sequence in a dictionary\n",
    "dict1['fav_foods'][2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "EK9R9CXDTezN"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Talleres\n",
    "\n",
    "Ahora pondremos este conocimiento en practica y veremos algunos ejercicios juntos de los tipos basicos de datos en Python e interactuaremos con el entorno:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "M8bqrmmd_91H"
   },
   "source": [
    "1. ¿Qué número entero representa el hexadecimal **0x1c** ?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "zN2IhjDQAakv"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "gUuLkStNAvPv"
   },
   "source": [
    "2. ¿Cuál es el tipo de dato de **8.1238812**?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "XE05OEx9AtMS"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "q0ja5FvfA5b4"
   },
   "source": [
    "3. ¿Cual es el tipo de dato de un emoji **'😊'**?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "r61SIHx8BGHH"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "gNbEyl28BL-X"
   },
   "source": [
    "4. ¿Porque el numero octal 0o8 esta mal escrito?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "cV4WMqjIBaj_"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "QMYAfhu-BceQ"
   },
   "source": [
    "5. ¿Que tipo de dato es **False**?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "ktopWNB3BnOg"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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