diff --git a/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/FabricLoaderImpl.java b/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/FabricLoaderImpl.java
index e633fd55d..f466ff6e3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/FabricLoaderImpl.java
+++ b/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/FabricLoaderImpl.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.discovery.RuntimeModRemapper;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.entrypoint.EntrypointStorage;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.game.GameProvider;
+import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.launch.FabricLauncher;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.launch.FabricLauncherBase;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.launch.knot.Knot;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.metadata.DependencyOverrides;
@@ -373,7 +374,13 @@ public boolean isModLoaded(String id) {
 
 	@Override
 	public boolean isDevelopmentEnvironment() {
-		return FabricLauncherBase.getLauncher().isDevelopment();
+		FabricLauncher launcher = FabricLauncherBase.getLauncher();
+
+		if (launcher != null) {
+			return launcher.isDevelopment();
+		} else {
+			return true;
+		}
 	}
 
 	private void addMod(ModCandidate candidate) throws ModResolutionException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/metadata/V1ModMetadataParser.java b/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/metadata/V1ModMetadataParser.java
index cf65a6ccc..e07600d59 100644
--- a/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/metadata/V1ModMetadataParser.java
+++ b/src/main/java/net/fabricmc/loader/impl/metadata/V1ModMetadataParser.java
@@ -125,10 +125,6 @@ static LoaderModMetadata parse(JsonReader reader) throws IOException, ParseMetad
 				readProvides(reader, provides);
 				break;
 			case "environment":
-				if (reader.peek() != JsonToken.STRING) {
-					throw new ParseMetadataException("Environment must be a string", reader);
-				}
-
 				environment = readEnvironment(reader);
 				break;
 			case "entrypoints":
@@ -247,17 +243,48 @@ private static void readProvides(JsonReader reader, List<String> provides) throw
 	}
 
 	private static ModEnvironment readEnvironment(JsonReader reader) throws ParseMetadataException, IOException {
-		final String environment = reader.nextString().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
-
-		if (environment.isEmpty() || environment.equals("*")) {
-			return ModEnvironment.UNIVERSAL;
-		} else if (environment.equals("client")) {
-			return ModEnvironment.CLIENT;
-		} else if (environment.equals("server")) {
-			return ModEnvironment.SERVER;
+		ModEnvironment environment = null;
+		List<String> environmentValues = new ArrayList<>();
+
+		if (reader.peek() == JsonToken.STRING) {
+			environmentValues.add(reader.nextString().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+		} else if (reader.peek() == JsonToken.BEGIN_ARRAY) {
+			reader.beginArray();
+
+			while (reader.hasNext()) {
+				if (reader.peek() == JsonToken.STRING) {
+					environmentValues.add(reader.nextString().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT));
+				} else {
+					throw new ParseMetadataException("Environment must be a string or an array of strings", reader);
+				}
+			}
+
+			reader.endArray();
 		} else {
-			throw new ParseMetadataException("Invalid environment type: " + environment + "!", reader);
+			throw new ParseMetadataException("Environment must be a string or an array of strings", reader);
+		}
+
+		for (String environmentString : environmentValues) {
+			if (environmentString.isEmpty() || environmentString.equals("*")) {
+				environment = ModEnvironment.UNIVERSAL;
+			} else if (environmentString.equals("client")) {
+				if (environment == null) {
+					environment = ModEnvironment.CLIENT;
+				} else if (environment == ModEnvironment.SERVER) {
+					environment = ModEnvironment.UNIVERSAL;
+				}
+			} else if (environmentString.equals("server")) {
+				if (environment == null) {
+					environment = ModEnvironment.SERVER;
+				} else if (environment == ModEnvironment.CLIENT) {
+					environment = ModEnvironment.UNIVERSAL;
+				}
+			} else {
+				throw new ParseMetadataException("Invalid environment type: " + environmentString + "!", reader);
+			}
 		}
+
+		return environment;
 	}
 
 	private static void readEntrypoints(List<ParseWarning> warnings, JsonReader reader, Map<String, List<EntrypointMetadata>> entrypoints) throws IOException, ParseMetadataException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/net/fabricmc/test/V1ModJsonParsingTests.java b/src/test/java/net/fabricmc/test/V1ModJsonParsingTests.java
index fd520dab8..4b05d4172 100644
--- a/src/test/java/net/fabricmc/test/V1ModJsonParsingTests.java
+++ b/src/test/java/net/fabricmc/test/V1ModJsonParsingTests.java
@@ -31,19 +31,18 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import net.fabricmc.loader.api.SemanticVersion;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.api.metadata.CustomValue;
+import net.fabricmc.loader.api.metadata.ModEnvironment;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.metadata.DependencyOverrides;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.metadata.LoaderModMetadata;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.metadata.ModMetadataParser;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.metadata.ParseMetadataException;
 import net.fabricmc.loader.impl.metadata.VersionOverrides;
 
-@Disabled // TODO needs fixing.
 final class V1ModJsonParsingTests {
 	private static Path testLocation;
 	private static Path specPath;
@@ -160,6 +159,14 @@ public void testLongFile() throws IOException, ParseMetadataException {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	@DisplayName("Environment array")
+	public void testEnvironmentArray() throws IOException, ParseMetadataException {
+		final LoaderModMetadata modMetadata = parseMetadata(specPath.resolve("environment_array.json"));
+
+		assertEquals(ModEnvironment.UNIVERSAL, modMetadata.getEnvironment());
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Spec violation tests
 	 */
@@ -188,7 +195,7 @@ public void testWarnings() { }
 
 	private static LoaderModMetadata parseMetadata(Path path) throws IOException, ParseMetadataException {
 		try (InputStream is = Files.newInputStream(path)) {
-			return ModMetadataParser.parseMetadata(null, "dummy", Collections.emptyList(), new VersionOverrides(), new DependencyOverrides(Paths.get("randomMissing")));
+			return ModMetadataParser.parseMetadata(is, "dummy", Collections.emptyList(), new VersionOverrides(), new DependencyOverrides(Paths.get("randomMissing")));
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/src/test/resources/testing/parsing/v1/spec/environment_array.json b/src/test/resources/testing/parsing/v1/spec/environment_array.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..09ea3fc6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/resources/testing/parsing/v1/spec/environment_array.json
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "id": "v1-parsing-test",
+  "version": "1.0.0-SNAPSHOT",
+  "schemaVersion": 1,
+  "environment": ["client", "server"]
+}
\ No newline at end of file