https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-linked-list-ii/description/
Reverse a linked list from position m to n. Do it in one-pass.
Note: 1 ≤ m ≤ n ≤ length of list.
Example:
Input: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL, m = 2, n = 4 Output: 1->4->3->2->5->NULL
考虑取出需要反转的这一小段链表,反转完后再插入到原先的链表中。
以本题为例:
变换的是2,3,4这三个点,那么我们可以先取出2,用front指针指向2,然后当取出3的时候,我们把3加到2的前面,把front指针前移到3,依次类推,到4后停止,这样我们得到一个新链表4->3->2, front指针指向4。
对于原链表来说,有两个点的位置很重要,需要用指针记录下来,分别是1和5,把新链表插入的时候需要这两个点的位置。
用pre指针记录1的位置
当4结点被取走后,5的位置需要记下来
这样我们就可以把倒置后的那一小段链表加入到原链表中
(图片来自: https://github.com/MisterBooo/LeetCodeAnimation)
- 链表的基本操作(交换)
- 虚拟节点dummy 简化操作
- 考虑特殊情况 m 是 1 或者 n是链表长度的情况
- 用四个变量记录特殊节点, 然后操作这四个节点使之按照一定方式连接即可。
let midStartNode = null;
let preMidStartNode = null;
let midEndNode = null;
let postMidEndNode = null;
- 注意更新current和pre的位置, 否则有可能出现溢出
语言支持:JS, C++
JavaScript Code:
/*
* @lc app=leetcode id=92 lang=javascript
*
* [92] Reverse Linked List II
*
* https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-linked-list-ii/description/
*
* algorithms
* Medium (34.13%)
* Total Accepted: 182.3K
* Total Submissions: 532.8K
* Testcase Example: '[1,2,3,4,5]\n2\n4'
*
* Reverse a linked list from position m to n. Do it in one-pass.
*
* Note: 1 ≤ m ≤ n ≤ length of list.
*
* Example:
*
*
* Input: 1->2->3->4->5->NULL, m = 2, n = 4
* Output: 1->4->3->2->5->NULL
*
*
*/
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* function ListNode(val) {
* this.val = val;
* this.next = null;
* }
*/
/**
* @param {ListNode} head
* @param {number} m
* @param {number} n
* @return {ListNode}
*/
var reverseBetween = function(head, m, n) {
// 虚拟节点,简化操作
const dummyHead = {
next: head
}
let current = dummyHead.next; // 当前遍历的节点
let pre = current; // 因为要反转,因此我们需要记住前一个节点
let index = 0; // 链表索引,用来判断是否是特殊位置(头尾位置)
// 上面提到的四个特殊节点
let midStartNode = null;
let preMidStartNode = null;
let midEndNode = null;
let postMidEndNode = null;
while(current) {
const next = current.next;
index++;
// 对 (m - n) 范围内的节点进行反转
if (index > m && index <= n) {
current.next = pre;
}
// 下面四个if都是边界, 用于更新四个特殊节点的值
if (index === m - 1) {
preMidStartNode = current;
}
if (index === m) {
midStartNode = current;
}
if (index === n + 1) {
postMidEndNode = current;
}
if (index === n) {
midEndNode = current;;
}
pre = current;
current = next;
}
// 两个链表合并起来
(preMidStartNode || dummyHead).next = midEndNode; // 特殊情况需要考虑
midStartNode.next = postMidEndNode;
return dummyHead.next;
};
C++ Code:
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* struct ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode *next;
* ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
ListNode* reverseBetween(ListNode* head, int s, int e) {
if (s == e) return head;
ListNode* prev = nullptr;
auto cur = head;
for (int i = 1; i < s; ++i) {
prev = cur;
cur = cur->next;
}
// 此时各指针指向:
// x -> x -> x -> x -> 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> 6 -> 7 -> 8 -> x -> x -> x ->
// ^head ^prev ^cur
ListNode* p = nullptr;
auto c = cur;
auto tail = c;
ListNode* n = nullptr;
for (int i = s; i <= e; ++i) {
n = c->next;
c->next = p;
p = c;
c = n;
}
// 此时各指针指向:
// x -> x -> x -> x 8 -> 7 -> 6 -> 5 -> 4 -> 3 -> 2 -> 1 x -> x -> x ->
// ^head ^prev ^p ^cur ^c
// ^tail
if (prev != nullptr) { // 若指向前一个节点的指针不为空,则说明s在链表中间(不是头节点)
prev->next = p;
cur->next = c;
return head;
} else {
if (tail != nullptr) tail->next = c;
return p;
}
}
};