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Deploy an Urbit Comet on Digital Ocean

The following tutorial explains how to deploy a comet on Digital Ocean.

It assumes that you:

  • have a Digital Ocean account and familiarity with creating Droplets
  • some familiarty with the command line terminal

Setup local SSH key

Skip this step if you already have one located at ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. Otherwise, in your local terminal, run:

$ ssh-keygen

Get the public key contents with:

$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

Copy the output and add it to your Digital Ocean account.

Setup your Droplet

  • choose a Shared CPU: Basic Plan with at least 2GB of RAM and the latest Ubuntu
  • ensure your SSH key is set
  • give the droplet a unique hostname (<YOUR_DROPLET_NAME>)
  • click on Additional Options, check Add Initialization Scripts (Free), and paste the following script:
#!/bin/bash

# configure swap
fallocate -l 2G /swapfile
chmod 600 /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
echo "/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

# setup firewall
ufw allow OpenSSH
ufw allow www
ufw allow https
ufw allow 34543/udp
ufw enable

# create and configure user
useradd -s /bin/bash -d /home/urbit -m -G sudo urbit
passwd -d urbit
echo "urbit ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers

# configure ssh keys for user
mkdir -p /home/urbit/.ssh
chmod 700 /home/urbit/.ssh
cp /root/.ssh/authorized_keys /home/urbit/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 600 /home/urbit/.ssh/authorized_keys
chown -R urbit:urbit /home/urbit/.ssh

# configure sshd
mkdir -p /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d
cat > /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/override.conf <<EOF
PermitRootLogin no
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication no
EOF
	
# fetch and extract urbit binary
curl -L https://urbit.org/install/linux-x86_64/latest | tar xzk --transform='s/.*/urbit/g' -C /home/urbit/
chown urbit:urbit /home/urbit/urbit

# install tmux
apt -y update
apt install -y tmux

# reboot
systemctl reboot
  • finally, create your droplet and note its IP (<YOUR_IP>) for later

Connect to your Droplet

On your local machine, open ~/.ssh/config with the editor of your choice and add the following lines to the file:

Host <YOUR_DROPLET_NAME> 
HostName <YOUR_IP> 
User urbit
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
IdentitiesOnly yes

save and exit, then:

$ ssh <YOUR_DROPLET_NAME>

Booting Your Comet

To activate and boot a new comet, run:

$ ./urbit -c my-new-comet

Note: This will create a directory (i.e., a pier) at my-new-comet.,

This step can take several minutes to initialize. The tail end of the output should look like:

---------------- playback complete ----------------
vere: checking version compatibility
loom: image backup complete
ames: live on 40019
conn: listening on /home/urbit/my-new-comet/.urb/conn.sock
http: web interface live on http://localhost:8080
http: loopback live on http://localhost:12321
pier (26): live
docket: fetching %http glob for %garden desk
ship: loading azimuth snapshot (120.197 points)
ship: processing azimuth snapshot (120.197 points)
ames: czar zod.urbit.org: ip .35.247.119.159
ames: metamorphosis
; ~zod is your neighbor
~palnyd_binzod:dojo>

In the dojo, mount the filesystem with:

dojo> |mount %

Dock And Run Your Comet

Now hit Ctrl-D to exit your Comet. We then need to dock it before running it on port 34543, to access it from a browser.

Do so with the following:

$ ./urbit dock my-new-comet 
$ sudo setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' my-new-comet/.run

Use screen to run Urbit in the background

$ screen -S urbit

Start your Comet up with:

$ ./my-new-comet/.run -p 34543

Connect to your Comet in the Browser

Now that you have your Comet up and running, you can connect to it by going to <YOUR_IP> in the browser. But first you need your login info which can be found by typing the following in the dojo:

dojo> +code

Once it's up and running press Ctrl + A + D to close screen. To get back to this screen, e.g., to get your login code again or to make changes, use the following:

$ screen -r urbit

Open your browser at (<YOUR_IP>) and login with the code from above. This will take you to the Urbit homescreen (Landscape) with default apps (Groups, Talk, Terminal). You're now set to explore Urbit with your comet!

Limitations & Next Steps

Because we haven't setup and configured SSL for our comet, many apps will either be too slow or not work at all. For the cosmonauts reading along - or anyone else wanting to try an app that works out of the box, we suggest Osmosis: