Provide consistency in setting of prevRingTime for alarms when changing ref time

This commit aims to provide consistency in the ringing behavior of alarms after
a call to mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time to alter the reference time for a
recurring alarm.

For simplicity of discussion, consider only a clock that is running forward in
time. The objective of the mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time routine is to set
the prevRingTime (previous ring time) of a recurring alarm to (1) a time that
differs from the specified reference time by an integer multiple of the alarm
interval; and (2) the latest such time that is not after the current time on the
clock.

Prior to this commit, the logic in the mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time
routine resulted in one of two outcomes:

(1) If the difference between the reference time and the current time is
divisible by the alarm interval, the prevRingTime becomes the current time, as
illustrated below.

    ring            ring            ring            ring
     v               v               v               v
  -----------------------------------------------------------
                                     ^
                                    now
                                prevRingTime

(2) Otherwise, the prevRingTime becomes the latest time before the current time
that lies on an integer multiple of the alarm interval away from the reference
time, as illustrated below.

    ring            ring            ring            ring
     v               v               v               v
  -----------------------------------------------------------
                     ^           ^
                prevRingTime    now

To determine whether a recurring alarm is ringing, the alarm's interval is added
to the alarm's prevRingTime. If the result is on or before the current time, the
alarm is ringing; otherwise, if the result is later than the current time, the
alarm is not ringing. As a consequence, outcome (1) from the
mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time leads to an alarm that is ringing after the
call to the routine, while outcome(2) leads to an alarm that is not yet ringing.

In order to rectify the inconsistency in whether an alarm is ringing depending
on where its reference time is set relative to the current time, the
prevRingTime for an alarm is always set to be at least one full alarm interval
before the current time. Whether the difference between the current time and the
reference time is evenly divisible by the alarm's ring interval or not, a query
of the alarm's status immediately following the call to
mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time will always show that it is ringing.

This commit makes changes to the logic for both a forward and a backward running
clock in the mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time routine, although it appears
that no code actually makes use of a backward running clock at present.

Author: mgduda

src/framework/mpas_timekeeping.F

@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ subroutine mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time(clock, alarmID, referenceTime, ie
                      if (now > referenceTime) then
                         searchInterval = now - referenceTime
                         call mpas_interval_division(referenceTime, searchInterval, alarmPtr % ringTimeInterval, nDivs, searchRemainder)
-                        alarmPtr % prevRingTime = now - searchRemainder
+                        alarmPtr % prevRingTime = now - (alarmPtr % ringTimeInterval + searchRemainder)
                      else
                         searchInterval = referenceTime - now
                         call mpas_interval_division(referenceTime, searchInterval, alarmPtr % ringTimeInterval, nDivs, searchRemainder)
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ subroutine mpas_adjust_alarm_to_reference_time(clock, alarmID, referenceTime, ie
                      if (now < referenceTime) then
                         searchInterval = now - referenceTime
                         call mpas_interval_division(referenceTime, searchInterval, alarmPtr % ringTimeInterval, nDivs, searchRemainder)
-                        alarmPtr % prevRingTime = now - searchRemainder
+                        alarmPtr % prevRingTime = now - (alarmPtr % ringTimeInterval + searchRemainder)
                      else
                         searchInterval = referenceTime - now
                         call mpas_interval_division(referenceTime, searchInterval, alarmPtr % ringTimeInterval, nDivs, searchRemainder)