diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index f944cbe7e..8eb60544f 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 
+2023-01-16  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
+
+	* configure.ac: adjusted hack for AIX 64bit OBJECT_MODE
+
 2023-01-14  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
 
 	* configure.ac: fix to use pdcurses when libcurses was verified
diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 90b3bed5d..c2158c9a4 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -229,12 +229,15 @@ NEWS - user visible changes				-*- outline -*-
    affected programs (with OCCURS DEPENDING ON) or compile with additional
    -fno-odoslide to get the same results as with older GnuCOBOL versions
 
-** the compile flag -fdefaultbyte was moved to a dialect configuration,
+** the compile flag -fdefaultbyte (initializarion for data-items without
+   an explicit VALUE) was moved to a dialect configuration;
    while -fdefaultbyte still works as before it is now implied as binary
-   zero with -std=ibm/mvs/bs2000, space for -std=mf/acu/rm/realia, and
+   zero with -std=ibm/mvs/bs2000/realia, space for -std=mf/acu/rm, and
    no defined initialization for -std=cobol85/cobol2002/cobol2014/xopen,
-   it is unchanged for -std=default (initialize to PICTURE/USAGE)
-   for compatibility to previous behavior compile with -fdefaultbyte=init
+   it is unchanged for -std=default (initialize to PICTURE/USAGE);
+   for compatibility to previous behavior compile with -fdefaultbyte=init;
+   note that initialization for INDEXED BY items honors the defaultbyte
+   configuration now, too
 
 ** the dialect configuration option larger-redefines-ok was changed to
    a support option larger-redefines; if specified on the command-line
diff --git a/build_windows/ChangeLog.txt b/build_windows/ChangeLog.txt
index ef71e758f..6424414c5 100644
--- a/build_windows/ChangeLog.txt
+++ b/build_windows/ChangeLog.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 
+2023-01-16  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
+
+	* version_cobc.rc, version_libcob.rc: updated date + rev
+
 2022-12-17  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
 
 	* general for libcob+cobc: handle move of cconv module
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@
 
 2021-11-06  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
 
-	* config.h.in: moved references to PACKACAGE_defines after the define,
+	* config.h.in: moved references to PACKAGE_defines after the define,
 	  fixing dist builds since 2020-10-27
 	* makedist.cmd: explicit search for "define PACKAGE_define" which fixes the
 	  multiple results
@@ -306,7 +310,7 @@
 	  version_libcob.rc, version_cobcrun.rc provided by Simon)
 
 
-Copyright 2014-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright 2014-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 permitted provided the copyright notice and this notice are preserved.
diff --git a/build_windows/version_cobc.rc b/build_windows/version_cobc.rc
index 26dc98a58..6237f7e9e 100644
--- a/build_windows/version_cobc.rc
+++ b/build_windows/version_cobc.rc
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "../libcob/version.h"
-#define VCS_REF 4776
+#define VCS_REF 4935
 
 #define STRINGIZE_DETAIL_(v) #v
 #define STRINGIZE(v) STRINGIZE_DETAIL_(v)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ VS_VERSION_INFO    VERSIONINFO
       VALUE "FileDescription",  PACKAGE_NAME " compiler, supporting most COBOL dialects with lots of extensions"
       VALUE "FileVersion",      STRINGIZE(__LIBCOB_VERSION)"."STRINGIZE(__LIBCOB_VERSION_MINOR)"."STRINGIZE(__LIBCOB_VERSION_PATCHLEVEL)"."STRINGIZE(VCS_REF)
       VALUE "InternalName",     "cobc"
-      VALUE "LegalCopyright",   "Copyright (C) 2001-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+      VALUE "LegalCopyright",   "Copyright (C) 2001-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
       VALUE "LegalTrademarks",  "Compiler: GNU General Public License v3 - see COPYING,\x0ADocumentation: GNU Free Documentation License."
       VALUE "OriginalFilename", "cobc.exe"
       VALUE "ProductName",      PACKAGE_NAME " compiler"
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ VS_VERSION_INFO    VERSIONINFO
       VALUE "SpecialBuild",     ""
 
       /* Non-Standard entries */
-      VALUE "Build",            "Oct 2022"
+      VALUE "Build",            "Jan 2023"
       VALUE "Developer",        "Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Ron Norman, Simon Sobisch, Edward Hart and many others (see AUTHORS and THANKS)"
       VALUE "Support",          "https://www.gnu.org/software/gnucobol/"
       VALUE "Users",            "Unlimited."
diff --git a/build_windows/version_libcob.rc b/build_windows/version_libcob.rc
index 0bb8e4cff..aece84196 100644
--- a/build_windows/version_libcob.rc
+++ b/build_windows/version_libcob.rc
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "../libcob/version.h"
-#define VCS_REF 4776
+#define VCS_REF 4935
 
 #define STRINGIZE_DETAIL_(v) #v
 #define STRINGIZE(v) STRINGIZE_DETAIL_(v)
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ VS_VERSION_INFO    VERSIONINFO
       VALUE "FileDescription",  PACKAGE_NAME " runtime, supporting most COBOL dialects with lots of extensions"
       VALUE "FileVersion",      STRINGIZE(__LIBCOB_VERSION)"."STRINGIZE(__LIBCOB_VERSION_MINOR)"."STRINGIZE(__LIBCOB_VERSION_PATCHLEVEL)"."STRINGIZE(VCS_REF)
       VALUE "InternalName",     "libcob"
-      VALUE "LegalCopyright",   "Copyright (C) 2001-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+      VALUE "LegalCopyright",   "Copyright (C) 2001-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
       VALUE "LegalTrademarks",  "Runtime: GNU Lesser General Public License v3 - see COPYING.LESSER,\x0ADocumentation: GNU Free Documentation License."
       VALUE "OriginalFilename", "libcob.dll"
       VALUE "ProductName",      PACKAGE_NAME " runtime library"
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ VS_VERSION_INFO    VERSIONINFO
       VALUE "SpecialBuild",     ""
 
       /* Non-Standard entries */
-      VALUE "Build",            "Oct 2022"
+      VALUE "Build",            "Jan 2023"
       VALUE "Developer",        "Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Ron Norman, Simon Sobisch, Edward Hart and many others (see AUTHORS and THANKS)"
       VALUE "Support",          "https://www.gnu.org/software/gnucobol/"
       VALUE "Users",            "Unlimited."
diff --git a/cobc/ChangeLog b/cobc/ChangeLog
index 40212df96..385df1ef2 100644
--- a/cobc/ChangeLog
+++ b/cobc/ChangeLog
@@ -1,4 +1,21 @@
 
+2023-01-16  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
+
+	* parser.y (occurs_index): only set VALUE 1 for defaultbyte == INIT
+	* tree.h (CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_INIT, CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_NONE), config.c, field.c,
+	  codegen.c: explicit defines instead of "only magic numbers"
+	* tree.c (cb_build_initialize), tree.h (struct cb_initialize), codegen.c
+	  (output_initialize_to_value): replaced flag_init_statement with statement
+	* parser.y (setup_occurs_min_max): validate occurs_max limit
+	* codegen.c (output_initialize_uniform): pass code-field instead of
+	  re-evaluating it
+	* codegen.c (output_initialize_multi_values): removed variable
+	  "total_occurs" fixing Wunused-but-set-variable
+	* codegen.c (output_stmt): dropped unused msgid
+	* typeck.c (cb_build_index): add internal index variables in LINKAGE to
+	  internal WORKING-STORAGE or internal LOCAL-STORAGE items depending on
+	  program->flag_recursive
+
 2023-01-05  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
 
 	* cobc.c, flag.def, help.c: added option --coverage internally setting
diff --git a/cobc/codegen.c b/cobc/codegen.c
index 1382b7a3d..7d11b049c 100644
--- a/cobc/codegen.c
+++ b/cobc/codegen.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-   Copyright (C) 2003-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2003-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Ron Norman, Simon Sobisch,
    Edward Hart
 
@@ -2324,7 +2324,7 @@ output_local_field_cache (struct cb_program *prog)
 		f = field->f;
 		if (!f->flag_local
 		 && !f->flag_external) {
-			if (f->storage ==  CB_STORAGE_REPORT
+			if (f->storage == CB_STORAGE_REPORT
 			 && f->flag_occurs
 			 && f->occurs_max > 1) {
 				/* generate sub-fields and a comment each */
@@ -2363,7 +2363,7 @@ output_local_field_cache (struct cb_program *prog)
 			for (f = rep->records; f; f = f->sister) {
 				if (f->storage == CB_STORAGE_WORKING
 				&& !(f->report_flag & COB_REPORT_REF_EMITTED)) {
-					output_emit_field(cb_build_field_reference (f, NULL), NULL);
+					output_emit_field (cb_build_field_reference (f, NULL), NULL);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -4380,11 +4380,11 @@ deduce_initialize_type (struct cb_initialize *p, struct cb_field *f,
 		return INITIALIZE_ONE;
 	}
 
-	if (f->flag_external && !p->flag_init_statement) {
+	if (f->flag_external && p->statement == STMT_INIT_STORAGE) {
 		return INITIALIZE_NONE;
 	}
 
-	if (f->redefines && (!topfield || !p->flag_init_statement)) {
+	if (f->redefines && (!topfield || p->statement != STMT_INITIALIZE)) {
 		return INITIALIZE_NONE;
 	}
 
@@ -4425,7 +4425,7 @@ deduce_initialize_type (struct cb_initialize *p, struct cb_field *f,
 	}
 
 	if (p->flag_default) {
-		if (cb_default_byte >= 0 && !p->flag_init_statement) {
+		if (p->statement == STMT_INIT_STORAGE && cb_default_byte >= 0) {
 			return INITIALIZE_DEFAULT;
 		}
 		switch (f->usage) {
@@ -4531,7 +4531,7 @@ static int
 initialize_uniform_char (const struct cb_field *f,
 			 const struct cb_initialize *p)
 {
-	if (cb_default_byte >= 0 && !p->flag_init_statement) {
+	if (p->statement == STMT_INIT_STORAGE && cb_default_byte >= 0) {
 		return cb_default_byte;
 	}
 
@@ -4741,10 +4741,9 @@ output_initialize_fp (cb_tree x, struct cb_field *f)
 }
 
 static void
-output_initialize_uniform (cb_tree x, const unsigned char cc, const int size)
+output_initialize_uniform (cb_tree x, struct cb_field *f,
+	const unsigned char cc, const int size)
 {
-	struct cb_field		*f = cb_code_field (x);
-
 	/* REPORT lines are cleared to SPACES */
 	if (f->storage == CB_STORAGE_REPORT
 	 && cc == ' ') {
@@ -4805,7 +4804,7 @@ static void
 output_initialize_chaining (struct cb_field *f, struct cb_initialize *p)
 {
 	/* only handle CHAINING for program initialization */
-	if (p->flag_init_statement) {
+	if (p->statement == STMT_INITIALIZE) {
 		return;
 	}
 	/* Note: CHAINING must be an extra initialization step as parameters not passed
@@ -4821,7 +4820,7 @@ output_initialize_chaining (struct cb_field *f, struct cb_initialize *p)
 
 static void
 output_initialize_to_value (struct cb_field *f, cb_tree x,
-		const int flag_init_statement)
+		const enum cob_statement statement)
 {
 	cb_tree			value;
 	struct cb_literal *l;
@@ -4850,7 +4849,7 @@ output_initialize_to_value (struct cb_field *f, cb_tree x,
 	}
 	/* Check for non-standard OCCURS */
 	if ((f->level == 1 || f->level == 77)
-	 && f->flag_occurs && !flag_init_statement) {
+	 && f->flag_occurs && statement == STMT_INIT_STORAGE) {
 		init_occurs = 1;
 	} else {
 		init_occurs = 0;
@@ -5125,13 +5124,11 @@ output_initialize_to_default (struct cb_field *f, cb_tree x)
 static void
 output_initialize_one (struct cb_initialize *p, cb_tree x)
 {
-	struct cb_field		*f;
-
-	f = cb_code_field (x);
+	struct cb_field	*f = cb_code_field (x);
 
 	/* Initialize TO VALUE */
 	if (p->val && f->values) {
-		output_initialize_to_value (f, x, p->flag_init_statement);
+		output_initialize_to_value (f, x, p->statement);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -5214,7 +5211,7 @@ output_initialize_multi_values (struct cb_initialize *p, cb_tree x, struct cb_fi
 	struct cb_field	*pftbl[COB_MAX_SUBSCRIPTS+1] = { NULL };
 	int			idxtbl[COB_MAX_SUBSCRIPTS+1] = { 0 };
 	int			occtbl[COB_MAX_SUBSCRIPTS+1] = { 0 };
-	int			idx, idx_clr, total_occurs;
+	int			idx, idx_clr;
 
 #if 0 /* CHECKME: the init above should be fine */
 	for (idx=0; idx <= COB_MAX_SUBSCRIPTS; idx++) {
@@ -5222,14 +5219,12 @@ output_initialize_multi_values (struct cb_initialize *p, cb_tree x, struct cb_fi
 		pftbl[idx] = NULL;
 	}
 #endif
-	total_occurs = 1;
 	idx_clr = 0;
 	for (idx = 0, pf = f; pf; pf = pf->parent) {
 		if (pf->flag_occurs
 		 && pf->occurs_max > 1) {
 			pftbl [idx] = pf;
 			occtbl[idx] = pf->occurs_max;
-			total_occurs *= pf->occurs_max;
 			idx++;
 		}
 	}
@@ -5346,7 +5341,7 @@ output_initialize_compound (struct cb_initialize *p, cb_tree x)
 					} else {
 						size = ff->offset + ff->size - last_field->offset;
 					}
-					output_initialize_uniform (c, (unsigned char)last_char, size);
+					output_initialize_uniform (c, last_field, (unsigned char)last_char, size);
 				}
 				break;
 			}
@@ -5472,7 +5467,7 @@ static void
 output_initialize_values_table_format (struct cb_initialize *p)
 {
 	if (needs_table_format_value
-	 && (!p->flag_init_statement || p->val == cb_true)) {
+	 && (p->statement == STMT_INIT_STORAGE || p->val == cb_true)) {
 		struct cb_field		*f = cb_code_field (p->var);
 		const cb_tree		c = cb_build_field_reference (f, NULL);
 
@@ -5495,7 +5490,7 @@ output_initialize_values_table_format (struct cb_initialize *p)
 static void
 output_initialize (struct cb_initialize *p)
 {
-	struct cb_field		*f = cb_code_field (p->var);
+	struct cb_field	*f = cb_code_field (p->var);
 	int			c;
 
 	const enum cobc_init_type	type
@@ -5518,15 +5513,15 @@ output_initialize (struct cb_initialize *p)
 	/* TODO: if cb_default_byte >= 0 do a huge memset first, then only
 	         emit setting for fields that need it (VALUE clause or
 	         special category - in general: not matching cb_default_byte);
-	         similar for cb_default_byte == -2 (just without the
-	         initial huge memset) */
+	         similar for cb_default_byte == CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_NONE (-2),
+			 just without the initial huge memset */
 
 	needs_table_format_value = 0;
 
 	/* Check for non-standard OCCURS */
 	if ((f->level == 1 || f->level == 77)
 	 && f->flag_occurs
-	 && !p->flag_init_statement) {
+	 && p->statement == STMT_INIT_STORAGE) {
 		cb_tree			x;
 		switch (type) {
 		case INITIALIZE_ONE:
@@ -5537,7 +5532,7 @@ output_initialize (struct cb_initialize *p)
 		case INITIALIZE_DEFAULT:
 			c = initialize_uniform_char (f, p);
 			if (c != -1) {
-				output_initialize_uniform (p->var, (unsigned char)c, f->occurs_max);
+				output_initialize_uniform (p->var, f, (unsigned char)c, f->size * f->occurs_max);
 				output_initialize_chaining (f, p);
 				return;
 			}
@@ -5582,7 +5577,7 @@ output_initialize (struct cb_initialize *p)
 	case INITIALIZE_DEFAULT:
 		c = initialize_uniform_char (f, p);
 		if (c != -1) {
-			output_initialize_uniform (p->var, (unsigned char)c, f->size);
+			output_initialize_uniform (p->var, f, (unsigned char)c, f->size);
 			output_initialize_chaining (f, p);
 			return;
 		}
@@ -8200,7 +8195,7 @@ output_source_reference (cb_tree tree, const enum cob_statement statement)
 			tree->source_file);
 
 	/* Output source location as code */
-	if (cb_flag_c_line_directives && tree->source_file) {
+	if (cb_flag_c_line_directives && tree->source_line) {
 		output_cobol_info (tree);
 		if (cb_flag_source_location) {
 			output_line ("module->statement = %s;", stmnt_enum);
@@ -8210,7 +8205,7 @@ output_source_reference (cb_tree tree, const enum cob_statement statement)
 		output_c_info ();
 	}
 	if (cb_flag_source_location) {
-		if (!(cb_flag_c_line_directives && tree->source_file)) {
+		if (!(cb_flag_c_line_directives && tree->source_line)) {
 			output_line ("module->statement = %s;", stmnt_enum);
 		}
 		if (statement == STMT_UNTIL) {
@@ -8674,7 +8669,8 @@ output_stmt (cb_tree x)
 	}
 	/* LCOV_EXCL_START */
 	if (unlikely(x == cb_error_node)) {
-		cobc_err_msg (_("unexpected error_node parameter"));
+		/* untranslated as unexpected */
+		cobc_err_msg ("unexpected error_node parameter");
 		COBC_ABORT ();
 	}
 	/* LCOV_EXCL_STOP */
@@ -9529,7 +9525,7 @@ output_report_data (struct cb_field *p)
 				report_col_pos = p->report_column + p->size;
 			}
 		}
-		output_emit_field(cb_build_field_reference (p, NULL), NULL);
+		output_emit_field (cb_build_field_reference (p, NULL), NULL);
 		if (p->report_sum_counter) {
 			output_emit_field (p->report_sum_counter, "SUM");
 		}
@@ -10441,9 +10437,22 @@ output_initial_values (struct cb_field *f)
 		if (p->flag_no_init && !p->count) {
 			continue;
 		}
+		/* note: the initial value of INDEXED BY items is undefined per standard,
+		   but earlier versions always set this explict to 1 on first entry;
+		   we now make this depending on its value, set depending on cb_init_indexed_by
+		   and on cb_implicit_init */
+		if (p->flag_indexed_by && cb_default_byte == CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_NONE) {
+			continue;
+		}
 		x = cb_build_field_reference (p, NULL);
+		/* output comment and source location for each 01/77 */
 		output_line ("/* initialize field %s */", p->name);
-		output_stmt (cb_build_initialize (x, cb_true, NULL, 1, 0, 0));
+		if (cb_flag_c_line_directives && p->common.source_line) {
+			output_cobol_info (CB_TREE (p));
+			output_line ("cob_nop ();");
+			output_c_info ();
+		}
+		output_stmt (cb_build_initialize (x, cb_true, NULL, 1, STMT_INIT_STORAGE, 0));
 		output_newline ();
 	}
 }
@@ -12311,7 +12320,7 @@ output_internal_function (struct cb_program *prog, cb_tree parameter_list)
 			}
 			output_line ("%s%d = &%s%d;", CB_PREFIX_DEC_CONST, m->id,
 				     CB_PREFIX_DEC_FIELD, m->id);
-			output_line ("cob_decimal_init(%s%d);", CB_PREFIX_DEC_CONST, m->id);
+			output_line ("cob_decimal_init (%s%d);", CB_PREFIX_DEC_CONST, m->id);
 			output_line ("cob_decimal_set_field (%s%d, (cob_field *)&%s%d);",
 				     CB_PREFIX_DEC_CONST, m->id,
 				     CB_PREFIX_CONST, m->id);
diff --git a/cobc/config.c b/cobc/config.c
index d9b661d73..017dbc0a6 100644
--- a/cobc/config.c
+++ b/cobc/config.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-   Copyright (C) 2003-2012, 2014-2017, 2019-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2003-2012, 2014-2017, 2019-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch
 
    This file is part of GnuCOBOL.
@@ -773,11 +773,11 @@ cb_config_entry (char *buff, const char *fname, const int line)
 		} else if (strcmp (name, "defaultbyte") == 0) {
 			if (strcmp (val, "init") == 0) {
 				/* generate default initialization per INITIALIZE rules */
-				cb_default_byte = -1;
+				cb_default_byte = CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_INIT;
 				break;
 			}
 			if (strcmp (val, "none") == 0) {
-				cb_default_byte = -2;
+				cb_default_byte = CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_NONE;
 #if 1			/* TODO: do not generate any default initialization for fields without VALUE,
 				   only the storage (best performance, least reproducibility); for now warn
 				   if specified on command line (allowing config files be correct already) */
diff --git a/cobc/field.c b/cobc/field.c
index 08afaf61d..9301e26b8 100644
--- a/cobc/field.c
+++ b/cobc/field.c
@@ -3018,7 +3018,7 @@ cleanup_field_value (struct cb_field* f, cb_tree *val)
 		}
 		if (*val == cb_zero
 		 && !f->flag_internal_register
-		 && cb_default_byte == -1
+		 && cb_default_byte == CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_INIT
 		 && ( f->storage == CB_STORAGE_WORKING
 		   || f->storage == CB_STORAGE_LOCAL)
 		 && !f->flag_sign_separate) {
@@ -3039,7 +3039,8 @@ cleanup_field_value (struct cb_field* f, cb_tree *val)
 		}
 		if (*val == cb_space
 		 && !f->flag_internal_register
-		 && (cb_default_byte == -1 || cb_default_byte == ' ')
+		 && ( cb_default_byte == CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_INIT
+		   || cb_default_byte == ' ')
 		 && ( f->storage == CB_STORAGE_WORKING
 		   || f->storage == CB_STORAGE_LOCAL)
 		 && !f->children) {
diff --git a/cobc/parser.y b/cobc/parser.y
index 3c5cf4211..e313e49d6 100644
--- a/cobc/parser.y
+++ b/cobc/parser.y
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #define	COB_IN_PARSER	1
 #include "cobc.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "libcob/coblocal.h"
 
 #define _PARSER_H	/* work around bad Windows SDK header */
 
@@ -789,9 +790,10 @@ setup_occurs_min_max (cb_tree occurs_min, cb_tree occurs_max)
 			}
 			if (current_field->occurs_max <= current_field->occurs_min) {
 				cb_error (_("OCCURS TO must be greater than OCCURS FROM"));
+				current_field->occurs_max = current_field->occurs_min;
 			}
 		} else {
-			current_field->occurs_max = 0;
+			current_field->occurs_max = 0;	/* UNBOUNDED */
 		}
 	} else {
 		current_field->occurs_min = 1; /* CHECKME: why using 1 ? */
@@ -800,6 +802,17 @@ setup_occurs_min_max (cb_tree occurs_min, cb_tree occurs_max)
 			cb_verify (cb_odo_without_to, _("OCCURS DEPENDING ON without TO phrase"));
 		}
 	}
+	/* LCOV_EXCL_START */
+	if (current_field->occurs_max > COB_MAX_FIELD_SIZE) {
+		/* testing here to give an early error; unlikely to be reached
+		   with 64bit compilers so no own msgid for now; should be added
+		   when the maximum field size is changed to be configurable */
+		cb_error_x (CB_TREE (current_field),
+			_("'%s' cannot be larger than %d bytes"),
+			current_field->name, COB_MAX_FIELD_SIZE);
+		current_field->occurs_min = current_field->occurs_max = 1;
+	}
+	/* LCOV_EXCL_STOP */
 }
 
 static void
@@ -7837,6 +7850,7 @@ usage:
   }
 | INDEX
   {
+	/* TODO: second type which is 0-based, depending on dialect option */
 	check_and_set_usage (CB_USAGE_INDEX);
   }
 | PACKED_DECIMAL
@@ -8279,7 +8293,9 @@ occurs_index:
   unqualified_word
   {
 	const enum cb_storage	storage = current_field->storage;
-	$$ = cb_build_index ($1, cb_int1, 1U, current_field);
+	const cb_tree init_val = cb_default_byte == CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_INIT
+	                       ? cb_int1 : NULL;
+	$$ = cb_build_index ($1, init_val, 1U, current_field);
 	if (storage == CB_STORAGE_LOCAL) {
 		CB_FIELD_PTR ($$)->index_type = CB_INT_INDEX;
 	} else {
diff --git a/cobc/tree.c b/cobc/tree.c
index c7f13b73a..a444eee77 100644
--- a/cobc/tree.c
+++ b/cobc/tree.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-   Copyright (C) 2001-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2001-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch, Ron Norman,
    Edward Hart
 
@@ -6464,7 +6464,7 @@ cb_build_assign (const cb_tree var, const cb_tree val)
 cb_tree
 cb_build_initialize (const cb_tree var, const cb_tree val, const cb_tree rep,
 		     const unsigned int def,
-		     const unsigned int is_statement,
+		     const enum cob_statement statement,
 		     const unsigned int no_filler_init)
 {
 	struct cb_initialize *p;
@@ -6475,7 +6475,7 @@ cb_build_initialize (const cb_tree var, const cb_tree val, const cb_tree rep,
 	p->val = val;
 	p->rep = rep;
 	p->flag_default = (cob_u8_t)def;
-	p->flag_init_statement = (cob_u8_t)is_statement;
+	p->statement = statement;
 	p->flag_no_filler_init = (cob_u8_t)no_filler_init;
 	return CB_TREE (p);
 }
diff --git a/cobc/tree.h b/cobc/tree.h
index 2bfbd1ac0..f7f7e45fd 100644
--- a/cobc/tree.h
+++ b/cobc/tree.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-   Copyright (C) 2001-2012, 2014-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2001-2012, 2014-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch, Ron Norman
 
    This file is part of GnuCOBOL.
@@ -997,6 +997,10 @@ struct cb_field {
 #define CB_FIELD_PTR(x)		\
 	(CB_REFERENCE_P (x) ? CB_FIELD (cb_ref (x)) : CB_FIELD (x))
 
+/* special values for cb_default_byte */
+#define CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_INIT	-1	/* init by PICTURE/USAGE; INDEXED BY as 1 */
+#define CB_DEFAULT_BYTE_NONE	-2	/* no explicit init at all */
+
 /* Index */
 
 #define CB_INDEX_OR_HANDLE_P(x)		cb_check_index_or_handle_p (x)
@@ -1337,8 +1341,8 @@ struct cb_initialize {
 	cb_tree			var;			/* Field */
 	cb_tree			val;			/* ALL (cb_true) or category (cb_int) TO VALUE */
 	cb_tree			rep;			/* Replacing */
+	enum cob_statement	statement;	/* INITIALIZE statement */
 	unsigned char		flag_default;		/* Default */
-	unsigned char		flag_init_statement;	/* INITIALIZE statement */
 	unsigned char		flag_no_filler_init;	/* No FILLER initialize */
 	unsigned char		padding;		/* Padding */
 };
@@ -2198,7 +2202,7 @@ extern cb_tree		cb_build_schema_name (cb_tree);
 extern cb_tree		cb_build_initialize (const cb_tree, const cb_tree,
 					   const cb_tree,
 					   const unsigned int,
-					   const unsigned int,
+					   const enum cob_statement,
 					   const unsigned int);
 
 struct cb_literal	*build_literal (enum cb_category,
diff --git a/cobc/typeck.c b/cobc/typeck.c
index ac33d4115..0d2b9c274 100644
--- a/cobc/typeck.c
+++ b/cobc/typeck.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-   Copyright (C) 2001-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2001-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch, Ron Norman,
    Edward Hart
 
@@ -2281,6 +2281,8 @@ cb_build_index (cb_tree x, cb_tree values, const unsigned int indexed_by,
 	enum cb_storage		storage = CB_STORAGE_WORKING;
 	struct cb_field	*f = CB_FIELD (cb_build_field (x));
 
+	/* TODO: possibly second type which is 0-based, depending on dialect option,
+	   see FR #428 */
 	f->usage = CB_USAGE_INDEX;
 	cb_validate_field (f);
 	f->values = values;
@@ -2294,10 +2296,17 @@ cb_build_index (cb_tree x, cb_tree values, const unsigned int indexed_by,
 	}
 	switch (storage) {
 	case CB_STORAGE_FILE:
-	case CB_STORAGE_LINKAGE:	/* explicit: not passed -> program local -> WS */
 	case CB_STORAGE_WORKING:
 		CB_FIELD_ADD (current_program->working_storage, f);
 		break;
+	case CB_STORAGE_LINKAGE:
+		/* explicit: not passed -> program local -> WS / LO */
+		if (current_program->flag_recursive) {
+			CB_FIELD_ADD (current_program->local_storage, f);
+		} else {
+			CB_FIELD_ADD (current_program->working_storage, f);
+		}
+		break;
 	case CB_STORAGE_SCREEN:
 		CB_FIELD_ADD (current_program->screen_storage, f);
 		break;
@@ -8344,7 +8353,7 @@ cb_emit_allocate_identifier (cb_tree allocate_identifier, cb_tree returning, con
 	   INITIALIZE identifier WITH FILLER ALL TO VALUE THEN TO DEFAULT */
 	if (init_flag) {
 		current_statement->not_ex_handler =
-			cb_build_initialize (allocate_identifier, cb_true, NULL, 1, 0, 0);
+			cb_build_initialize (allocate_identifier, cb_true, NULL, 1, STMT_ALLOCATE, 0);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -9886,7 +9895,7 @@ cb_emit_initialize (cb_tree vars, cb_tree fillinit, cb_tree value,
 			CB_REFERENCE (x)->length = temp;
 		}
 		cb_emit (cb_build_initialize (x , value, replacing,
-					      def_init, 1, no_fill_init));
+					      def_init, STMT_INITIALIZE, no_fill_init));
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/config/ChangeLog b/config/ChangeLog
index e0a5c2e5d..1ad29e507 100644
--- a/config/ChangeLog
+++ b/config/ChangeLog
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 
+2023-01-16  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
+
+	* realia-strict.conf: change defaultbyte from space to zero
+
 2022-12-07  Nicolas Berthier <nicolas.berthier@ocamlpro.com>
 
 	* general: rename partial-replacing-with-literal into
@@ -721,7 +725,7 @@
 	* default.inc, Makefile.am: New files.
 
 
-Copyright 2003,2005-2007-2010,2014-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright 2003,2005-2007-2010,2014-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, are
 permitted provided the copyright notice and this notice are preserved.
diff --git a/config/cobol2002.conf b/config/cobol2002.conf
index 20f8d841b..e3651b557 100644
--- a/config/cobol2002.conf
+++ b/config/cobol2002.conf
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ assign-disk-from:			unconformable
 vsam-status:				unconformable
 self-call-recursive:		skip
 record-contains-depending-clause:	unconformable
-defaultbyte:		none	# "undefined"
+defaultbyte:		none	# initial storage is undefined
 picture-l:				unconformable
 
 # archaic in COBOL2002 and currently not available as dialect features:
diff --git a/config/cobol2014.conf b/config/cobol2014.conf
index d0b9293ec..392a992b4 100644
--- a/config/cobol2014.conf
+++ b/config/cobol2014.conf
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ assign-disk-from:			unconformable
 vsam-status:				unconformable
 self-call-recursive:		skip
 record-contains-depending-clause:	unconformable
-defaultbyte:		none	# "undefined"
+defaultbyte:		none	# initial storage is undefined
 picture-l:				unconformable
 
 # use fixed word list, synonyms and exceptions specified there
diff --git a/config/cobol85.conf b/config/cobol85.conf
index a4e10f424..f80f7a693 100644
--- a/config/cobol85.conf
+++ b/config/cobol85.conf
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ assign-disk-from:			unconformable
 vsam-status:				unconformable
 self-call-recursive:		skip
 record-contains-depending-clause:	unconformable
-defaultbyte:		none	# "undefined"
+defaultbyte:		none	# initial storage is undefined
 picture-l:				unconformable
 
 # obsolete in COBOL85 and currently not available as dialect features:
diff --git a/config/default.conf b/config/default.conf
index d9dbd6dea..81675dadc 100644
--- a/config/default.conf
+++ b/config/default.conf
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # GnuCOBOL compiler configuration
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2001-2012, 2014-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2012, 2014-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 # Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch, Edward Hart,
 # Ron Norman
 #
@@ -292,7 +292,8 @@ assign-disk-from:			ok
 vsam-status:				ignore
 self-call-recursive:		warning
 record-contains-depending-clause:	unconformable
-defaultbyte:		init
+defaultbyte:		init	# GC inits as INITIALIZE ALL TO VALUE THEN TO DEFAULT,
+            		    	# with INDEXED BY variables initialized to 1
 picture-l:				ok
 
 # use complete word list; synonyms and exceptions are specified below
diff --git a/config/gcos-strict.conf b/config/gcos-strict.conf
index 885d2e5c6..8fa4b85b0 100644
--- a/config/gcos-strict.conf
+++ b/config/gcos-strict.conf
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ record-delimiter:			ok
 sequential-delimiters:			ok
 record-delim-with-fixed-recs:		unconformable
 missing-statement:			error
-missing-period:				error #when format not in {fixed,free}
+missing-period:				error	# when format not in {fixed,free}
 zero-length-literals:			unconformable
 xml-generate-extra-phrases:		unconformable
 continue-after:				unconformable
diff --git a/config/realia-strict.conf b/config/realia-strict.conf
index 69045d32e..061c1b05e 100644
--- a/config/realia-strict.conf
+++ b/config/realia-strict.conf
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # GnuCOBOL compiler configuration
 #
-# Copyright (C) 2001-2012, 2014-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2012, 2014-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 # Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch, Edward Hart,
 # Ron Norman
 #
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ assign-disk-from:			unconformable
 vsam-status:				ok
 self-call-recursive:		skip
 record-contains-depending-clause:	unconformable
-defaultbyte:		" "	# not verified, but possibly like ACU/MF
+defaultbyte:		0	# not verified, but likely like IBM
 picture-l:				unconformable
 
 # use fixed word list, synonyms and exceptions specified there
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 51cdcdc3b..d2442660f 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -54,25 +54,49 @@ AC_CONFIG_FILES([tests/atlocal], [chmod +x tests/atlocal])
 AC_CONFIG_FILES([tests/run_prog_manual.sh],
   [chmod +x tests/run_prog_manual.sh])
 
+# In general: don't export/setenv but pass as option to configure
+#             this has the benefit that re-runs will take the same and "sudo"
+#             or later "make" (possibly as different user) will use the same
+#             set of tools
 # Note for SUN Solaris (gcc)
-#  option to configure/export/setenv: CC=gcc -m64 --libdir=/usr/local/lib/sparcv9
+#  options to configure: CC="gcc -m64" --libdir=/usr/local/lib/sparcv9
 # or:
-#  option to configure/export/setenv: CFLAGS=-m64 and LDFLAGS="-m64 -L/usr/local/lib/sparcv9"
+#  options to configure: CFLAGS=-m64 LDFLAGS="-m64 -L/usr/local/lib/sparcv9"
 #
 # Hack for AIX 64 bit (gcc)
 # Required -
-#  option to configure/export/setenv: CC=gcc -maix64
+#  options to configure: CC="gcc -maix64" / CC="xlc -q64"
 # or:
-#  option to configure/export/setenv: CFLAGS=-maix64 and LDFLAGS=-maix64
+#  options to configure: CFLAGS=-maix64 and LDFLAGS=-maix64
 # Note: AIX commonly uses -Lpath like GNU/Linux would use -Lpath -Rpath
 
-if echo "$CC$CFLAGS" | grep 'aix64' 1>/dev/null 2>&1; then
-	if test -f /usr/ccs/bin/ar; then
-		AR="/usr/ccs/bin/ar -X64"
-	else
-		AR="ar -X64"
+if test "x$OBJECT_MODE" = x; then
+	echo "$CC $CFLAGS" | grep ' -maix64' 1>/dev/null 2>&1
+	check1=$$
+	echo "$CC $CFLAGS" | grep ' -q64'    1>/dev/null 2>&1
+	check2=$$
+	if test check1 = 0 -o check2 = 0; then
+		OBJECT_MODE=64 # for libtool
+	fi
+	unset check1
+	unset check2
+fi
+
+if test "$OBJECT_MODE" = "64"; then
+	if test "x$AR" = x; then
+		if test -f /usr/ccs/bin/ar; then
+			AR="/usr/ccs/bin/ar -X64"
+		else
+			AR="ar -X64"
+		fi
+	fi
+	if test "x$NM" = x; then
+		if test -f /usr/ccs/bin/nm; then
+			NM="/usr/ccs/bin/nm -X64 -B"
+		else
+			NM="nm -X64 -B"
+		fi
 	fi
-	NM="/usr/ccs/bin/nm -X64 -B"
 fi
 
 dnl We don't want to have the full list of automatic defines from automake,
diff --git a/libcob/ChangeLog b/libcob/ChangeLog
index 1356e4d07..05f23a375 100644
--- a/libcob/ChangeLog
+++ b/libcob/ChangeLog
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 
+2023-01-16  Simon Sobisch <simonsobisch@gnu.org>
+
+	* statement.def (STMT_INIT_STORAGE): new internal statement
+
 2023-01-15  Ron Norman <rjn@inglenet.com>
 
 	* screenio.c: renamed max_pairs_available as this is defined on HPUX
diff --git a/libcob/coblocal.h b/libcob/coblocal.h
index 26a155cad..68b72b790 100644
--- a/libcob/coblocal.h
+++ b/libcob/coblocal.h
@@ -398,9 +398,10 @@ struct config_tbl {
 
 /* max sizes */
 
-/* Maximum bytes in a single/group field,
-   which doesn't contain UNBOUNDED items */
-   /* TODO: add compiler configuration for limiting this */
+/* Maximum bytes in a single/group field and for OCCURS,
+   which doesn't contain UNBOUNDED items,
+   along with maximum number of OCCURS;
+   TODO: add compiler configuration for limiting this */
 #ifndef COB_64_BIT_POINTER
 #define	COB_MAX_FIELD_SIZE	268435456
 #else
diff --git a/libcob/common.c b/libcob/common.c
index ec6f9bed3..0a142c09c 100644
--- a/libcob/common.c
+++ b/libcob/common.c
@@ -5620,12 +5620,10 @@ cob_allocate (unsigned char **dataptr, cob_field *retptr,
 void
 cob_free_alloc (unsigned char **ptr1, unsigned char *ptr2)
 {
-	struct cob_alloc_cache	*cache_ptr;
-	struct cob_alloc_cache	*prev_ptr;
+	struct cob_alloc_cache	*cache_ptr = cob_alloc_base;
+	struct cob_alloc_cache	*prev_ptr = cob_alloc_base;
 
 	cobglobptr->cob_exception_code = 0;
-	cache_ptr = cob_alloc_base;
-	prev_ptr = cob_alloc_base;
 	if (ptr1 && *ptr1) {
 		void	*vptr1;
 		vptr1 = *ptr1;
diff --git a/libcob/common.h b/libcob/common.h
index 18f5e1595..08213d228 100644
--- a/libcob/common.h
+++ b/libcob/common.h
@@ -626,7 +626,8 @@ only usable with COB_USE_VC2013_OR_GREATER */
 /* Maximum length of COBOL program names */
 #define	COB_MAX_NAMELEN		31
 
-/* Maximum number of subscripts */
+/* Maximum number of subscripts;
+   TODO: add compiler configuration for limiting this */
 #define COB_MAX_SUBSCRIPTS	16
 
 /* Memory size for sorting */
diff --git a/libcob/statement.def b/libcob/statement.def
index f8cb62756..3d43f5e3d 100644
--- a/libcob/statement.def
+++ b/libcob/statement.def
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
-   Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright (C) 2022-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    Written by Simon Sobisch
 
    This file is part of GnuCOBOL.
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@
 
 /* COB_STATEMENT (name, string representation)
    
-   the order of these definitions may not change and
-   new entries must always be added to the end, as
-   those are used as enum entries and indexes
+   the order of these definitions may not change and new entries
+   must always be added to the end, as those are used both as enums
+   (cobc + libcob intern) _and_ as their integer values in generated
+   modules: cob_trace_statement (STMT_ADD) -> cob_trace_statement (1)
 */
 
 COB_STATEMENT (STMT_ADD, "ADD")
@@ -164,3 +165,6 @@ COB_STATEMENT (STMT_JSON_PARSE, "JSON GENERATE")
 
 COB_STATEMENT (STMT_XML_GENERATE, "XML GENERATE")
 COB_STATEMENT (STMT_XML_PARSE, "XML GENERATE")
+
+/* codegen intern only */
+COB_STATEMENT (STMT_INIT_STORAGE, "INIT STORAGE")
diff --git a/tests/testsuite.src/run_misc.at b/tests/testsuite.src/run_misc.at
index 1934d4f87..ba4906f26 100644
--- a/tests/testsuite.src/run_misc.at
+++ b/tests/testsuite.src/run_misc.at
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-## Copyright (C) 2003-2012, 2014-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+## Copyright (C) 2003-2012, 2014-2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 ## Written by Keisuke Nishida, Roger While, Simon Sobisch, Edward Hart,
 ## Ron Norman
 ##
@@ -349,9 +349,11 @@ AT_SETUP([LOCAL-STORAGE (3)])
 AT_KEYWORDS([runmisc OCCURS INDEX INDEXED])
 
 # Note: this tests undefined behaviour, because the initial value
-#       of index values are undefined, but should be identical in principle
-#       for LS/WS, and in the standard explicit "... is treated as a static
-#       item [for WS] and as an automatic item [for LS]"; see bug #794
+#       of index-names are undefined per standard; where they are
+#       explicit defined to be "... treated as a static item [for WS]
+#       and as an automatic item [for LS]"; see bug #794
+#       for GnuCOBOL that is defined depending on dialect options
+#       init-indexed-by and defaultbyte
 
 AT_DATA([callee.cob], [
        IDENTIFICATION   DIVISION.
@@ -367,15 +369,15 @@ AT_DATA([callee.cob], [
        01 LCL-X.
           05 LCL-VAR    PIC 9 VALUE 0 OCCURS 1 INDEXED BY LCL-IDX.
        PROCEDURE        DIVISION.
-           DISPLAY SPACE WITH NO ADVANCING.
-           ADD 1 to WRK-VAR(1) WRK-IDX,
-                    LCL-VAR(1) LCL-IDX.
+           DISPLAY SPACE WITH NO ADVANCING UPON SYSOUT.
+           ADD  1 TO WRK-VAR(1) LCL-VAR(1)
+           SET  WRK-IDX, LCL-IDX UP BY 1
            SET  DISP-IDX TO WRK-IDX.
            MOVE WRK-VAR(1) TO DISP-VAL.
-           DISPLAY DISP-VALS WITH NO ADVANCING.
+           DISPLAY DISP-VALS WITH NO ADVANCING UPON SYSOUT.
            SET  DISP-IDX TO LCL-IDX.
            MOVE LCL-VAR(1) TO DISP-VAL.
-           DISPLAY DISP-VALS WITH NO ADVANCING.
+           DISPLAY DISP-VALS WITH NO ADVANCING UPON SYSOUT.
            GOBACK.
 ])
 
@@ -392,6 +394,37 @@ AT_DATA([caller.cob], [
 AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_MODULE callee.cob], [0], [], [])
 AT_CHECK([$COMPILE -o prog caller.cob], [0], [], [])
 AT_CHECK([$COBCRUN_DIRECT ./prog], [0], [ 1212 2312 3412], [])
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_MODULE -fdefaultbyte=0 callee.cob], [0], [], [])
+AT_CHECK([$COBCRUN_DIRECT ./prog], [0], [ 1111 2211 3311], [])
+
+# note: this is the tested MF result (INDEXED BY are USAGE COMP 9(08), 0-based !):
+#AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_MODULE -std=mf-strict callee.cob], [0], [], [])
+#AT_CHECK([$COBCRUN_DIRECT ./prog], [0], [ 1018 2117 3216], [])
+
+AT_DATA([callee.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION   DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID.      callee.
+       DATA             DIVISION.
+       WORKING-STORAGE  SECTION.
+       01 DISP-VALS.
+          05 DISP-VAL   PIC 9 VALUE 0.
+          05 DISP-IDX   PIC 9 VALUE 0.
+       01 WRK-X.
+          05 WRK-VAR    PIC 9 VALUE 0 OCCURS 1 INDEXED BY WRK-IDX.
+       PROCEDURE        DIVISION.
+           DISPLAY SPACE WITH NO ADVANCING UPON SYSOUT.
+           ADD  1 TO WRK-VAR(1)
+           SET  WRK-IDX UP BY 1
+           SET  DISP-IDX TO WRK-IDX.
+           MOVE WRK-VAR(1) TO DISP-VAL.
+           DISPLAY DISP-VALS WITH NO ADVANCING UPON SYSOUT.
+           GOBACK.
+])
+
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_MODULE -std=acu-strict callee.cob], [0], [], [])
+AT_CHECK([$COBCRUN_DIRECT ./prog], [0], [ 19 20 31], [])
+# note: tested result with 2 byte: AT_CHECK([$COBCRUN_DIRECT ./prog], [0], [ 15 26 37], [])
 
 AT_CLEANUP
 
@@ -11107,6 +11140,10 @@ AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
            MOVE "You"   TO GRP-2A (1010:3)
            MOVE "$$"    TO FLD-5-4 (5)
            MOVE "Something else!" TO FLD-1-X (5).
+      *
+      *    "the initial value of an index-name at runtime is undefined"
+      *    Old OpenCOBOL/GnuCOBOL did that as "1"
+           SET TAB-ADR-IND           TO 1.
       *
            SET P2 TO NULL
            SET ADDRESS OF A-TABLE TO NULL
@@ -11123,7 +11160,7 @@ $COBCRUN_DIRECT ./prog "param 1" param 'param 3'], [1],
 GRP-3:***ABC00D99D99D99D99XXABC00D99D99D99D99XXABC00D99 00D99D99XX***
 GRP-5:***Mon49eyMon49eyMon49eyMon49eyMon49eyMon49eyMon49ey
 ],
-[libcob: prog.cob:102: error: BASED/LINKAGE item 'A-TABLE' has NULL address
+[libcob: prog.cob:106: error: BASED/LINKAGE item 'A-TABLE' has NULL address
 
 dump written to dumpall.txt
 ])
@@ -11133,7 +11170,7 @@ AT_CAPTURE_FILE(./dumpall.txt)
 AT_DATA([reference_tmpl], [
 Module dump due to BASED/LINKAGE item 'A-TABLE' has NULL address
 
- Last statement of "prog" was MOVE at line 102 of prog.cob
+ Last statement of "prog" was MOVE at line 106 of prog.cob
 	ENTRY prog at prog.cob:75
  Started by ./prog
 	param 1
@@ -12253,6 +12290,9 @@ AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
 
        PROCEDURE DIVISION.
        MAIN.
+      *>   "the initial value of an index-name  at runtime is undefined"
+      *>   Old OpenCOBOL/GnuCOBOL did that as "1"
+           SET REC-NAME-IDX          TO 1.
            MOVE 'A-F-GEN-LEDGER-ZGL' TO REC-NAME.
            PERFORM FINDIT.
            MOVE 'JUNK' TO REC-NAME.