diff --git a/flake.lock b/flake.lock
index e981171aca4..cd375307875 100644
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@@ -45,6 +45,27 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "fenix_2": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ],
+        "rust-analyzer-src": "rust-analyzer-src_2"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1717568841,
+        "narHash": "sha256-uF0TjD2fu8uShcCubVoKA9CQaAjJpDVCnzrK0uSMU1g=",
+        "owner": "nix-community",
+        "repo": "fenix",
+        "rev": "1df7cd8d759674ac69bdb67e0d55446c2394da68",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "nix-community",
+        "repo": "fenix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "flake-compat": {
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1696426674,
@@ -77,24 +98,6 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
-    "flake-utils_2": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "systems": "systems_2"
-      },
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1705309234,
-        "narHash": "sha256-uNRRNRKmJyCRC/8y1RqBkqWBLM034y4qN7EprSdmgyA=",
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "1ef2e671c3b0c19053962c07dbda38332dcebf26",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "numtide",
-        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
-    },
     "flakeCompat": {
       "flake": false,
       "locked": {
@@ -130,10 +133,10 @@
     "root": {
       "inputs": {
         "alejandra": "alejandra",
+        "fenix": "fenix_2",
         "flake-compat": "flake-compat",
         "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
-        "rust-overlay": "rust-overlay"
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
       }
     },
     "rust-analyzer-src": {
@@ -153,24 +156,20 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
-    "rust-overlay": {
-      "inputs": {
-        "flake-utils": "flake-utils_2",
-        "nixpkgs": [
-          "nixpkgs"
-        ]
-      },
+    "rust-analyzer-src_2": {
+      "flake": false,
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1717121863,
-        "narHash": "sha256-/3sxIe7MZqF/jw1RTQCSmgTjwVod43mmrk84m50MJQ4=",
-        "owner": "oxalica",
-        "repo": "rust-overlay",
-        "rev": "2a7b53172ed08f856b8382d7dcfd36a4e0cbd866",
+        "lastModified": 1717511332,
+        "narHash": "sha256-50VrD5Wl2BVJZkSRj/stvEvHvbrJcIOPTtQbI6Zvqfw=",
+        "owner": "rust-lang",
+        "repo": "rust-analyzer",
+        "rev": "29e5cdfb054635364b6d8290a096e64d258ce78b",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
-        "owner": "oxalica",
-        "repo": "rust-overlay",
+        "owner": "rust-lang",
+        "ref": "nightly",
+        "repo": "rust-analyzer",
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
@@ -188,21 +187,6 @@
         "repo": "default",
         "type": "github"
       }
-    },
-    "systems_2": {
-      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1681028828,
-        "narHash": "sha256-Vy1rq5AaRuLzOxct8nz4T6wlgyUR7zLU309k9mBC768=",
-        "owner": "nix-systems",
-        "repo": "default",
-        "rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
-        "type": "github"
-      },
-      "original": {
-        "owner": "nix-systems",
-        "repo": "default",
-        "type": "github"
-      }
     }
   },
   "root": "root",
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 8dbc246a16d..c49b7c7a402 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
     nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
     flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
     flake-compat.url = "https://flakehub.com/f/edolstra/flake-compat/1.tar.gz";
-    rust-overlay = {
-      url = "github:oxalica/rust-overlay";
+    fenix = {
+      url = "github:nix-community/fenix";
       inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
     };
     alejandra = {
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   outputs = {
     self,
     nixpkgs,
-    rust-overlay,
+    fenix,
     flake-utils,
     alejandra,
     ...
@@ -27,76 +27,32 @@
       system: let
         pkgs = import nixpkgs {
           inherit system;
-          overlays = [rust-overlay.overlays.default];
         };
-        pythonPackages = ps: [
-          ps.black
-          ps.flake8
-          ps.intervaltree
-          ps.isort
-          ps.mock
-          ps.numpy
-          ps.pillow
-          ps.psycopg
-          ps.psycopg2
-          ps.pyyaml
-          ps.requests
-          ps.websockets
-          (ps.callPackage (import ./nix/kdtree.nix) {})
-          (ps.callPackage (import ./nix/geojson-pydantic.nix) {inherit (ps) pydantic;})
 
-          # DATA SCIENCE
-          ps.ipykernel
-          ps.jupyterlab
-          ps.shapely
-          ps.pyproj
-          ps.ipympl
-          ps.matplotlib
-          ps.networkx
-
-          ps.progress
-          ps.tqdm
-          ps.ipywidgets
-
-          # TOOLS
-          ps.python-lsp-server
-        ];
+        pythonPackages = ps: (import ./nix/python_env.nix {inherit ps;});
 
         fixedNode = pkgs.nodejs-18_x;
         fixedNodePackages = pkgs.nodePackages.override {
           nodejs = fixedNode;
         };
 
-        rustChan = pkgs.rust-bin.stable."1.78.0".default.override {
-          targets = [];
-          extensions = [
-            "clippy"
-            "rust-src"
-            "rustc-dev"
-            "rustfmt"
-            "rust-analyzer"
-          ];
-        };
+        rustVer = fenix.packages.${system}.stable;
+        rustChan = rustVer.withComponents [
+          "cargo"
+          "clippy"
+          "rust-src"
+          "rustc"
+          "rustfmt"
+        ];
 
-        osrd-dev-scripts = pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
-          name = "osrd-dev-scripts";
-          src = ./scripts;
-          installPhase = ''
-            mkdir -p $out/bin
-            cp -rv * $out/bin
-            # Create symlinks for scripts without the extension (.py, .sh, etc...) for ease of use
-            for script in $out/bin/*; do
-              ln -s $script $out/bin/$(basename $script | cut -d. -f1)
-            done
-            chmod +x $out/bin/*
-          '';
-        };
+        osrd-dev-scripts = pkgs.callPackage ./nix/scripts.nix {};
       in
         with pkgs; {
           devShells.default = mkShell {
-            nativeBuildInputs = [rustChan];
             buildInputs =
               [
+                # Rust
+                rustChan
                 # Tools & Libs
                 diesel-cli
                 cargo-watch
@@ -111,7 +67,7 @@
                 # API
                 (python311.withPackages pythonPackages)
                 ruff-lsp
-                
+
                 # Core
                 gradle
                 jdk17
@@ -133,7 +89,6 @@
                 SystemConfiguration
               ]);
 
-            RUST_SRC_PATH = "${rustPlatform.rustLibSrc}";
             RUSTFLAGS = "-C link-arg=-fuse-ld=mold";
           };
         }
diff --git a/nix/python_env.nix b/nix/python_env.nix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..70f935b0896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nix/python_env.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+{ps}: let
+  kdTree = ./kdtree.nix;
+  geojsonPydantic = ./geojson-pydantic.nix;
+in [
+  ps.black
+  ps.flake8
+  ps.intervaltree
+  ps.isort
+  ps.mock
+  ps.numpy
+  ps.pillow
+  ps.psycopg
+  ps.psycopg2
+  ps.pyyaml
+  ps.requests
+  ps.websockets
+  (ps.callPackage (import kdTree) {})
+  (ps.callPackage (import geojsonPydantic) {inherit (ps) pydantic;})
+
+  # DATA SCIENCE
+  ps.ipykernel
+  ps.jupyterlab
+  ps.shapely
+  ps.pyproj
+  ps.ipympl
+  ps.matplotlib
+  ps.networkx
+
+  ps.progress
+  ps.tqdm
+  ps.ipywidgets
+
+  # TOOLS
+  ps.python-lsp-server
+]
diff --git a/nix/scripts.nix b/nix/scripts.nix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6e2262a6734
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nix/scripts.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{stdenv}:
+stdenv.mkDerivation {
+  name = "osrd-dev-scripts";
+  src = ../scripts;
+  installPhase = ''
+    mkdir -p $out/bin
+    cp -rv * $out/bin
+    # Create symlinks for scripts without the extension (.py, .sh, etc...) for ease of use
+    for script in $out/bin/*; do
+      ln -s $script $out/bin/$(basename $script | cut -d. -f1)
+    done
+    chmod +x $out/bin/*
+  '';
+}