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setup-hbase.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Setup HBase - OpenTSDB - A Distributed, Scalable Monitoring System</title>
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</div><section id="setuphbase">
<h2>Setup HBase</h2>
In order to use OpenTSDB, you need to have
<a href="http://hbase.org">HBase</a> up and running.
This page will help you get started with a simple, single-node HBase
setup, which is good enough to evaluate OpenTSDB or monitor small
installations. If you need scalability and reliability, you will
need to setup a full HBase cluster.
<p>
You can copy-paste all the following instructions directly into a terminal.
<a name="singlenode"></a>
<h3>Setup a single-node HBase instance</h3>
If you already have an HBase cluster,
<a href="getting-started.html">skip this step</a>.
If you're gonna be using less than 5-10 nodes, stick to a single node.
Deploying HBase on a single node is easy and can help get you started
with OpenTSDB quickly. You can always scale to a real cluster and migrate
your data later.
<p>
<div class="code">wget http://www.apache.org/dist/hbase/hbase-0.98.10.1/hbase-0.98.10.1-hadoop1-bin.tar.gz
tar xfz hbase-0.98.10.1-hadoop1-bin.tar.gz
cd hbase-0.98.10.1-hadoop1
</div>
At this point, you are ready to start HBase (without HDFS) on a single
node. But before starting it, I recommend using the following configuration:
<div class="code">hbase_rootdir=${TMPDIR-'/tmp'}/tsdhbase
iface=lo`uname | sed -n s/Darwin/0/p`
cat >conf/hbase-site.xml <<EOF
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>file:///$hbase_rootdir/hbase-\${user.name}/hbase</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.dns.interface</name>
<value>$iface</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.regionserver.dns.interface</name>
<value>$iface</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.master.dns.interface</name>
<value>$iface</value>
</property>
</configuration>
EOF
</div>
Make sure to adjust the value of <code>hbase_rootdir</code> if you want HBase
to store its data in somewhere more durable than a temporary directory. The
default is to use <code>/tmp</code>, which means you'll lose all your data
whenever your server reboots. The remaining settings are less important
and simply force HBase to stick to the loopback interface (<code>lo0</code>
on Mac OS X, or just <code>lo</code> on Linux), which simplifies things when
you're just testing HBase on a single node.
<a name="lzo"></a>
<p>
Now start HBase:
<div class="code">./bin/start-hbase.sh</div>
<a name="lzo"></a>
<h3>Using LZO</h3>
There is no reason to not use LZO with HBase. Except in rare cases, the CPU
cycles spent on doing LZO compression / decompression pay for themselves by
saving you time wasted doing more I/O. This is certainly true for OpenTSDB
where LZO can easily compress OpenTSDB's binary data by 3 to 4x. Installing
LZO is simple and is done as follows.
<h4>Pre-requisites</h4>
In order to build <code>hadoop-lzo</code>, you need to have Ant installed as
well as liblzo2 with development headers:
<div class="code">apt-get install ant liblzo2-dev # Debian/Ubuntu
yum install ant ant-nodeps lzo-devel.x86_64 # RedHat/CentOS/Fedora
brew install lzo # Mac OS X</div>
<h4>Compile & Deploy</h4>
Thanks to our friends at Cloudera for maintaining the Hadoop-LZO package:
<div class="code">git clone git://github.com/cloudera/hadoop-lzo.git
cd hadoop-lzo
CLASSPATH=<i>path/to</i>/hadoop-core-1.0.4.jar CFLAGS=-m64 CXXFLAGS=-m64 ant compile-native tar
hbasedir=<i>path/to/hbase</i>
mkdir -p $hbasedir/lib/native
cp build/hadoop-lzo-0.4.14/hadoop-lzo-0.4.14.jar $hbasedir/lib
cp -a build/hadoop-lzo-0.4.14/lib/native/* $hbasedir/lib/native
</div>
Restart HBase and make sure you create your tables with
<code>COMPRESSION => 'LZO'</code>
<p>
Common gotchas:
<ul>
<li>Where to find <code>hadoop-core-1.0.4.jar</code>? On a normal, production
HBase install, it will be under HBase's <code>lib/</code> directory. In your
development environment it may be stashed under HBase's <code>target/</code>
directory, use <code>find</code> to locate it.</li>
<li>On Mac OS X, you may get <code>error: Native java headers not found. Is
$JAVA_HOME set correctly?</code> when <code>configure</code> is looking for
<code>jni.h</code>, in which case you need to insert
<code>CPPFLAGS=-I/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/Current/Headers</code>
before <code>CLASSPATH</code> on the 3rd command above (the one that invokes
<code>ant</code>).</li>
<li>On RedHat/CentOS/Fedora you may have to specify where Java is, by adding
<code>JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64</code> (or similar)
to the <code>ant</code> command-line, before the <code>CLASSPATH</code>.</li>
<li>On RedHat/CentOS/Fedora, if you get the weird error message that "Cause:
the class org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.optional.Javah was not found." then
you need to install the <code>ant-nodeps</code> package.</li>
<li>The build may fail with <code>[javah] Error: Class
org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration could not be found.</code> in which case
you need to apply
<a href="https://github.com/abrock/hadoop-lzo/commit/38823ca5a308710d4d9ee5e2e52d4d1a07f714b7">this change</a>
to <code>build.xml</code></li>
<li>On Ubuntu, the build may fail to compile the code with
<code>LzoCompressor.c:125:37: error: expected expression before ','
token</code>. As per
<a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-2009">HADOOP-2009</a>
the solution is to add <code>LDFLAGS='-Wl,--no-as-needed'</code> to the
command-line.</li>
</ul>
<a name="hbasescaleup"></a>
<h3>Migrating to a real HBase cluster</h3>
TBD. In short:
<ul>
<li>Shut down all your TSDs.</li>
<li>Shut down your single-node HBase cluster.</li>
<li>Copy the directories named <code>tsdb</code> and <code>tsdb-uid</code>
from your local filesystem to the HDFS cluster backing up your real HBase
cluster.</li>
<li>Run <code>./bin/hbase org.jruby.Main ./bin/add_table.rb
<i>/hdfs/path/to/hbase/<b>tsdb</b></i></code> and again for the
<code>tsdb-uid</code> directory.</li>
<li>Restart your real HBase cluster (sorry).</li>
<li>Restart your TSDs after making sure they now use your real HBase
cluster.</li>
</ul>
<a name="hbaseprod"></a>
<h3>Putting HBase in production</h3>
TBD. In short:
<ul>
<li>Stay on a single node unless you can deploy HBase on at least 5 machines,
preferably at least 10.</li>
<li>Make sure you have <a href="#lzo">LZO installed</a>
and make sure it's enabled for the tables used by OpenTSDB.</li>
<li>TBD...</li>
</ul>
</section>
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