Geocode.php

<?php
/**
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 *
 * This file is part of Nominatim. (https://nominatim.org)
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2022 by the Nominatim developer community.
 * For a full list of authors see the git log.
 */

namespace Nominatim;

require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/PlaceLookup.php');
require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/Phrase.php');
require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/ReverseGeocode.php');
require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/SearchDescription.php');
require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/SearchContext.php');
require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/SearchPosition.php');
require_once(CONST_LibDir.'/TokenList.php');
require_once(CONST_TokenizerDir.'/tokenizer.php');

class Geocode
{
    protected $oDB;

    protected $oPlaceLookup;
    protected $oTokenizer;

    protected $aLangPrefOrder = array();

    protected $aExcludePlaceIDs = array();

    protected $iLimit = 20;
    protected $iFinalLimit = 10;
    protected $iOffset = 0;
    protected $bFallback = false;

    protected $aCountryCodes = false;

    protected $bBoundedSearch = false;
    protected $aViewBox = false;
    protected $aRoutePoints = false;
    protected $aRouteWidth = false;

    protected $iMaxRank = 20;
    protected $iMinAddressRank = 0;
    protected $iMaxAddressRank = 30;
    protected $aAddressRankList = array();

    protected $sAllowedTypesSQLList = false;

    protected $sQuery = false;
    protected $aStructuredQuery = false;


    public function __construct(&$oDB)
    {
        $this->oDB =& $oDB;
        $this->oPlaceLookup = new PlaceLookup($this->oDB);
        $this->oTokenizer = new \Nominatim\Tokenizer($this->oDB);
    }

    public function setLanguagePreference($aLangPref)
    {
        $this->aLangPrefOrder = $aLangPref;
    }

    public function getMoreUrlParams()
    {
        if ($this->aStructuredQuery) {
            $aParams = $this->aStructuredQuery;
        } else {
            $aParams = array('q' => $this->sQuery);
        }

        $aParams = array_merge($aParams, $this->oPlaceLookup->getMoreUrlParams());

        if ($this->aExcludePlaceIDs) {
            $aParams['exclude_place_ids'] = implode(',', $this->aExcludePlaceIDs);
        }

        if ($this->bBoundedSearch) {
            $aParams['bounded'] = '1';
        }

        if ($this->aCountryCodes) {
            $aParams['countrycodes'] = implode(',', $this->aCountryCodes);
        }

        if ($this->aViewBox) {
            $aParams['viewbox'] = join(',', $this->aViewBox);
        }

        return $aParams;
    }

    public function setLimit($iLimit = 10)
    {
        if ($iLimit > 50) {
            $iLimit = 50;
        } elseif ($iLimit < 1) {
            $iLimit = 1;
        }

        $this->iFinalLimit = $iLimit;
        $this->iLimit = $iLimit + max($iLimit, 10);
    }

    public function setFeatureType($sFeatureType)
    {
        switch ($sFeatureType) {
            case 'country':
                $this->setRankRange(4, 4);
                break;
            case 'state':
                $this->setRankRange(8, 8);
                break;
            case 'city':
                $this->setRankRange(14, 16);
                break;
            case 'settlement':
                $this->setRankRange(8, 20);
                break;
        }
    }

    public function setRankRange($iMin, $iMax)
    {
        $this->iMinAddressRank = $iMin;
        $this->iMaxAddressRank = $iMax;
    }

    public function setViewbox($aViewbox)
    {
        $aBox = array_map('floatval', $aViewbox);

        $this->aViewBox[0] = max(-180.0, min($aBox[0], $aBox[2]));
        $this->aViewBox[1] = max(-90.0, min($aBox[1], $aBox[3]));
        $this->aViewBox[2] = min(180.0, max($aBox[0], $aBox[2]));
        $this->aViewBox[3] = min(90.0, max($aBox[1], $aBox[3]));

        if ($this->aViewBox[2] - $this->aViewBox[0] < 0.000000001
            || $this->aViewBox[3] - $this->aViewBox[1] < 0.000000001
        ) {
            userError("Bad parameter 'viewbox'. Not a box.");
        }
    }

    private function viewboxImportanceFactor($fX, $fY)
    {
        if (!$this->aViewBox) {
            return 1;
        }

        $fWidth = ($this->aViewBox[2] - $this->aViewBox[0])/2;
        $fHeight = ($this->aViewBox[3] - $this->aViewBox[1])/2;

        $fXDist = abs($fX - ($this->aViewBox[0] + $this->aViewBox[2])/2);
        $fYDist = abs($fY - ($this->aViewBox[1] + $this->aViewBox[3])/2);

        if ($fXDist <= $fWidth && $fYDist <= $fHeight) {
            return 1;
        }

        if ($fXDist <= $fWidth * 3 && $fYDist <= 3 * $fHeight) {
            return 0.5;
        }

        return 0.25;
    }

    public function setQuery($sQueryString)
    {
        $this->sQuery = $sQueryString;
        $this->aStructuredQuery = false;
    }

    public function getQueryString()
    {
        return $this->sQuery;
    }


    public function loadParamArray($oParams, $sForceGeometryType = null)
    {
        $this->bBoundedSearch = $oParams->getBool('bounded', $this->bBoundedSearch);

        $this->setLimit($oParams->getInt('limit', $this->iFinalLimit));
        $this->iOffset = $oParams->getInt('offset', $this->iOffset);

        $this->bFallback = $oParams->getBool('fallback', $this->bFallback);

        // List of excluded Place IDs - used for more accurate pageing
        $sExcluded = $oParams->getStringList('exclude_place_ids');
        if ($sExcluded) {
            foreach ($sExcluded as $iExcludedPlaceID) {
                $iExcludedPlaceID = (int)$iExcludedPlaceID;
                if ($iExcludedPlaceID) {
                    $aExcludePlaceIDs[$iExcludedPlaceID] = $iExcludedPlaceID;
                }
            }

            if (isset($aExcludePlaceIDs)) {
                $this->aExcludePlaceIDs = $aExcludePlaceIDs;
            }
        }

        // Only certain ranks of feature
        $sFeatureType = $oParams->getString('featureType');
        if (!$sFeatureType) {
            $sFeatureType = $oParams->getString('featuretype');
        }
        if ($sFeatureType) {
            $this->setFeatureType($sFeatureType);
        }

        // Country code list
        $sCountries = $oParams->getStringList('countrycodes');
        if ($sCountries) {
            foreach ($sCountries as $sCountryCode) {
                if (preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z]$/', $sCountryCode)) {
                    $aCountries[] = strtolower($sCountryCode);
                }
            }
            if (isset($aCountries)) {
                $this->aCountryCodes = $aCountries;
            }
        }

        $aViewbox = $oParams->getStringList('viewboxlbrt');
        if ($aViewbox) {
            if (count($aViewbox) != 4) {
                userError("Bad parameter 'viewboxlbrt'. Expected 4 coordinates.");
            }
            $this->setViewbox($aViewbox);
        } else {
            $aViewbox = $oParams->getStringList('viewbox');
            if ($aViewbox) {
                if (count($aViewbox) != 4) {
                    userError("Bad parameter 'viewbox'. Expected 4 coordinates.");
                }
                $this->setViewBox($aViewbox);
            } else {
                $aRoute = $oParams->getStringList('route');
                $fRouteWidth = $oParams->getFloat('routewidth');
                if ($aRoute && $fRouteWidth) {
                    $this->aRoutePoints = $aRoute;
                    $this->aRouteWidth = $fRouteWidth;
                }
            }
        }

        $this->oPlaceLookup->loadParamArray($oParams, $sForceGeometryType);
        $this->oPlaceLookup->setIncludeAddressDetails($oParams->getBool('addressdetails', false));
    }

    public function setQueryFromParams($oParams)
    {
        // Search query
        $sQuery = $oParams->getString('q');
        if (!$sQuery) {
            $this->setStructuredQuery(
                $oParams->getString('amenity'),
                $oParams->getString('street'),
                $oParams->getString('city'),
                $oParams->getString('county'),
                $oParams->getString('state'),
                $oParams->getString('country'),
                $oParams->getString('postalcode')
            );
        } else {
            $this->setQuery($sQuery);
        }
    }

    public function loadStructuredAddressElement($sValue, $sKey, $iNewMinAddressRank, $iNewMaxAddressRank, $aItemListValues)
    {
        $sValue = trim($sValue);
        if (!$sValue) {
            return false;
        }
        $this->aStructuredQuery[$sKey] = $sValue;
        if ($this->iMinAddressRank == 0 && $this->iMaxAddressRank == 30) {
            $this->iMinAddressRank = $iNewMinAddressRank;
            $this->iMaxAddressRank = $iNewMaxAddressRank;
        }
        if ($aItemListValues) {
            $this->aAddressRankList = array_merge($this->aAddressRankList, $aItemListValues);
        }
        return true;
    }

    public function setStructuredQuery($sAmenity = false, $sStreet = false, $sCity = false, $sCounty = false, $sState = false, $sCountry = false, $sPostalCode = false)
    {
        $this->sQuery = false;

        // Reset
        $this->iMinAddressRank = 0;
        $this->iMaxAddressRank = 30;
        $this->aAddressRankList = array();

        $this->aStructuredQuery = array();
        $this->sAllowedTypesSQLList = false;

        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sAmenity, 'amenity', 26, 30, false);
        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sStreet, 'street', 26, 30, false);
        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sCity, 'city', 14, 24, false);
        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sCounty, 'county', 9, 13, false);
        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sState, 'state', 8, 8, false);
        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sPostalCode, 'postalcode', 5, 11, array(5, 11));
        $this->loadStructuredAddressElement($sCountry, 'country', 4, 4, false);

        if (!empty($this->aStructuredQuery)) {
            $this->sQuery = join(', ', $this->aStructuredQuery);
            if ($this->iMaxAddressRank < 30) {
                $this->sAllowedTypesSQLList = '(\'place\',\'boundary\')';
            }
        }
    }

    public function fallbackStructuredQuery()
    {
        $aParams = $this->aStructuredQuery;

        if (!$aParams || count($aParams) == 1) {
            return false;
        }

        $aOrderToFallback = array('postalcode', 'street', 'city', 'county', 'state');

        foreach ($aOrderToFallback as $sType) {
            if (isset($aParams[$sType])) {
                unset($aParams[$sType]);
                $this->setStructuredQuery(@$aParams['amenity'], @$aParams['street'], @$aParams['city'], @$aParams['county'], @$aParams['state'], @$aParams['country'], @$aParams['postalcode']);
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    public function getGroupedSearches($aSearches, $aPhrases, $oValidTokens)
    {
        /*
             Calculate all searches using oValidTokens i.e.
             'Wodsworth Road, Sheffield' =>

             Phrase Wordset
             0      0       (wodsworth road)
             0      1       (wodsworth)(road)
             1      0       (sheffield)

             Score how good the search is so they can be ordered
         */
        foreach ($aPhrases as $iPhrase => $oPhrase) {
            $aNewPhraseSearches = array();
            $oPosition = new SearchPosition(
                $oPhrase->getPhraseType(),
                $iPhrase,
                count($aPhrases)
            );

            foreach ($oPhrase->getWordSets() as $aWordset) {
                $aWordsetSearches = $aSearches;

                // Add all words from this wordset
                foreach ($aWordset as $iToken => $sToken) {
                    $aNewWordsetSearches = array();
                    $oPosition->setTokenPosition($iToken, count($aWordset));

                    foreach ($aWordsetSearches as $oCurrentSearch) {
                        foreach ($oValidTokens->get($sToken) as $oSearchTerm) {
                            if ($oSearchTerm->isExtendable($oCurrentSearch, $oPosition)) {
                                $aNewSearches = $oSearchTerm->extendSearch(
                                    $oCurrentSearch,
                                    $oPosition
                                );

                                foreach ($aNewSearches as $oSearch) {
                                    if ($oSearch->getRank() < $this->iMaxRank) {
                                        $aNewWordsetSearches[] = $oSearch;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    // Sort and cut
                    usort($aNewWordsetSearches, array('Nominatim\SearchDescription', 'bySearchRank'));
                    $aWordsetSearches = array_slice($aNewWordsetSearches, 0, 50);
                }

                $aNewPhraseSearches = array_merge($aNewPhraseSearches, $aNewWordsetSearches);
                usort($aNewPhraseSearches, array('Nominatim\SearchDescription', 'bySearchRank'));

                $aSearchHash = array();
                foreach ($aNewPhraseSearches as $iSearch => $aSearch) {
                    $sHash = serialize($aSearch);
                    if (isset($aSearchHash[$sHash])) {
                        unset($aNewPhraseSearches[$iSearch]);
                    } else {
                        $aSearchHash[$sHash] = 1;
                    }
                }

                $aNewPhraseSearches = array_slice($aNewPhraseSearches, 0, 50);
            }

            // Re-group the searches by their score, junk anything over 20 as just not worth trying
            $aGroupedSearches = array();
            foreach ($aNewPhraseSearches as $aSearch) {
                $iRank = $aSearch->getRank();
                if ($iRank < $this->iMaxRank) {
                    if (!isset($aGroupedSearches[$iRank])) {
                        $aGroupedSearches[$iRank] = array();
                    }
                    $aGroupedSearches[$iRank][] = $aSearch;
                }
            }
            ksort($aGroupedSearches);

            $iSearchCount = 0;
            $aSearches = array();
            foreach ($aGroupedSearches as $aNewSearches) {
                $iSearchCount += count($aNewSearches);
                $aSearches = array_merge($aSearches, $aNewSearches);
                if ($iSearchCount > 50) {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        // Revisit searches, drop bad searches and give penalty to unlikely combinations.
        $aGroupedSearches = array();
        foreach ($aSearches as $oSearch) {
            if (!$oSearch->isValidSearch()) {
                continue;
            }

            $iRank = $oSearch->getRank();
            if (!isset($aGroupedSearches[$iRank])) {
                $aGroupedSearches[$iRank] = array();
            }
            $aGroupedSearches[$iRank][] = $oSearch;
        }
        ksort($aGroupedSearches);

        return $aGroupedSearches;
    }

    /* Perform the actual query lookup.

        Returns an ordered list of results, each with the following fields:
            osm_type: type of corresponding OSM object
                        N - node
                        W - way
                        R - relation
                        P - postcode (internally computed)
            osm_id: id of corresponding OSM object
            class: general object class (corresponds to tag key of primary OSM tag)
            type: subclass of object (corresponds to tag value of primary OSM tag)
            admin_level: see https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Admin_level
            rank_search: rank in search hierarchy
                        (see also https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Nominatim/Development_overview#Country_to_street_level)
            rank_address: rank in address hierarchy (determines orer in address)
            place_id: internal key (may differ between different instances)
            country_code: ISO country code
            langaddress: localized full address
            placename: localized name of object
            ref: content of ref tag (if available)
            lon: longitude
            lat: latitude
            importance: importance of place based on Wikipedia link count
            addressimportance: cumulated importance of address elements
            extra_place: type of place (for admin boundaries, if there is a place tag)
            aBoundingBox: bounding Box
            label: short description of the object class/type (English only)
            name: full name (currently the same as langaddress)
            foundorder: secondary ordering for places with same importance
    */


    public function lookup()
    {
        Debug::newFunction('Geocode::lookup');
        if (!$this->sQuery && !$this->aStructuredQuery) {
            return array();
        }

        Debug::printDebugArray('Geocode', $this);

        $oCtx = new SearchContext();

        if ($this->aRoutePoints) {
            $oCtx->setViewboxFromRoute(
                $this->oDB,
                $this->aRoutePoints,
                $this->aRouteWidth,
                $this->bBoundedSearch
            );
        } elseif ($this->aViewBox) {
            $oCtx->setViewboxFromBox($this->aViewBox, $this->bBoundedSearch);
        }
        if ($this->aExcludePlaceIDs) {
            $oCtx->setExcludeList($this->aExcludePlaceIDs);
        }
        if ($this->aCountryCodes) {
            $oCtx->setCountryList($this->aCountryCodes);
        }

        Debug::newSection('Query Preprocessing');

        $sQuery = $this->sQuery;
        if (!preg_match('//u', $sQuery)) {
            userError('Query string is not UTF-8 encoded.');
        }

        // Do we have anything that looks like a lat/lon pair?
        $sQuery = $oCtx->setNearPointFromQuery($sQuery);

        if ($sQuery || $this->aStructuredQuery) {
            // Start with a single blank search
            $aSearches = array(new SearchDescription($oCtx));

            if ($sQuery) {
                $sQuery = $aSearches[0]->extractKeyValuePairs($sQuery);
            }

            $sSpecialTerm = '';
            if ($sQuery) {
                preg_match_all(
                    '/\\[([\\w ]*)\\]/u',
                    $sQuery,
                    $aSpecialTermsRaw,
                    PREG_SET_ORDER
                );
                if (!empty($aSpecialTermsRaw)) {
                    Debug::printVar('Special terms', $aSpecialTermsRaw);
                }

                foreach ($aSpecialTermsRaw as $aSpecialTerm) {
                    $sQuery = str_replace($aSpecialTerm[0], ' ', $sQuery);
                    if (!$sSpecialTerm) {
                        $sSpecialTerm = $aSpecialTerm[1];
                    }
                }
            }
            if (!$sSpecialTerm && $this->aStructuredQuery
                && isset($this->aStructuredQuery['amenity'])) {
                $sSpecialTerm = $this->aStructuredQuery['amenity'];
                unset($this->aStructuredQuery['amenity']);
            }

            if ($sSpecialTerm && !$aSearches[0]->hasOperator()) {
                $aTokens = $this->oTokenizer->tokensForSpecialTerm($sSpecialTerm);

                if (!empty($aTokens)) {
                    $aNewSearches = array();
                    $oPosition = new SearchPosition('', 0, 1);
                    $oPosition->setTokenPosition(0, 1);

                    foreach ($aSearches as $oSearch) {
                        foreach ($aTokens as $oToken) {
                            $aNewSearches = array_merge(
                                $aNewSearches,
                                $oToken->extendSearch($oSearch, $oPosition)
                            );
                        }
                    }
                    $aSearches = $aNewSearches;
                }
            }

            // Split query into phrases
            // Commas are used to reduce the search space by indicating where phrases split
            $aPhrases = array();
            if ($this->aStructuredQuery) {
                foreach ($this->aStructuredQuery as $iPhrase => $sPhrase) {
                    $aPhrases[] = new Phrase($sPhrase, $iPhrase);
                }
            } else {
                foreach (explode(',', $sQuery) as $sPhrase) {
                    $aPhrases[] = new Phrase($sPhrase, '');
                }
            }

            Debug::printDebugArray('Search context', $oCtx);
            Debug::printDebugArray('Base search', empty($aSearches) ? null : $aSearches[0]);

            Debug::newSection('Tokenization');
            $oValidTokens = $this->oTokenizer->extractTokensFromPhrases($aPhrases);

            if ($oValidTokens->count() > 0) {
                $oCtx->setFullNameWords($oValidTokens->getFullWordIDs());

                $aPhrases = array_filter($aPhrases, function ($oPhrase) {
                    return $oPhrase->getWordSets() !== null;
                });

                // Any words that have failed completely?
                // TODO: suggestions

                Debug::printGroupTable('Valid Tokens', $oValidTokens->debugInfo());
                Debug::printDebugTable('Phrases', $aPhrases);

                Debug::newSection('Search candidates');

                $aGroupedSearches = $this->getGroupedSearches($aSearches, $aPhrases, $oValidTokens);

                if (!$this->aStructuredQuery) {
                    // Reverse phrase array and also reverse the order of the wordsets in
                    // the first and final phrase. Don't bother about phrases in the middle
                    // because order in the address doesn't matter.
                    $aPhrases = array_reverse($aPhrases);
                    $aPhrases[0]->invertWordSets();
                    if (count($aPhrases) > 1) {
                        $aPhrases[count($aPhrases)-1]->invertWordSets();
                    }
                    $aReverseGroupedSearches = $this->getGroupedSearches($aSearches, $aPhrases, $oValidTokens);

                    foreach ($aReverseGroupedSearches as $aSearches) {
                        foreach ($aSearches as $aSearch) {
                            if (!isset($aGroupedSearches[$aSearch->getRank()])) {
                                $aGroupedSearches[$aSearch->getRank()] = array();
                            }
                            $aGroupedSearches[$aSearch->getRank()][] = $aSearch;
                        }
                    }

                    ksort($aGroupedSearches);
                }
            } else {
                // Re-group the searches by their score, junk anything over 20 as just not worth trying
                $aGroupedSearches = array();
                foreach ($aSearches as $aSearch) {
                    if ($aSearch->getRank() < $this->iMaxRank) {
                        if (!isset($aGroupedSearches[$aSearch->getRank()])) {
                            $aGroupedSearches[$aSearch->getRank()] = array();
                        }
                        $aGroupedSearches[$aSearch->getRank()][] = $aSearch;
                    }
                }
                ksort($aGroupedSearches);
            }

            // Filter out duplicate searches
            $aSearchHash = array();
            foreach ($aGroupedSearches as $iGroup => $aSearches) {
                foreach ($aSearches as $iSearch => $aSearch) {
                    $sHash = serialize($aSearch);
                    if (isset($aSearchHash[$sHash])) {
                        unset($aGroupedSearches[$iGroup][$iSearch]);
                        if (empty($aGroupedSearches[$iGroup])) {
                            unset($aGroupedSearches[$iGroup]);
                        }
                    } else {
                        $aSearchHash[$sHash] = 1;
                    }
                }
            }

            Debug::printGroupedSearch(
                $aGroupedSearches,
                $oValidTokens->debugTokenByWordIdList()
            );

            // Start the search process
            $iGroupLoop = 0;
            $iQueryLoop = 0;
            $aNextResults = array();
            foreach ($aGroupedSearches as $iGroupedRank => $aSearches) {
                $iGroupLoop++;
                $aResults = $aNextResults;
                foreach ($aSearches as $oSearch) {
                    $iQueryLoop++;

                    Debug::newSection("Search Loop, group $iGroupLoop, loop $iQueryLoop");
                    Debug::printGroupedSearch(
                        array($iGroupedRank => array($oSearch)),
                        $oValidTokens->debugTokenByWordIdList()
                    );

                    $aNewResults = $oSearch->query(
                        $this->oDB,
                        $this->iMinAddressRank,
                        $this->iMaxAddressRank,
                        $this->iLimit
                    );

                    // The same result may appear in different rounds, only
                    // use the one with minimal rank.
                    foreach ($aNewResults as $iPlace => $oRes) {
                        if (!isset($aResults[$iPlace])
                            || $aResults[$iPlace]->iResultRank > $oRes->iResultRank) {
                            $aResults[$iPlace] = $oRes;
                        }
                    }

                    if ($iQueryLoop > 20) {
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if (!empty($aResults)) {
                    $aSplitResults = Result::splitResults($aResults);
                    Debug::printVar('Split results', $aSplitResults);
                    if ($iGroupLoop <= 4
                        && reset($aSplitResults['head'])->iResultRank > 0
                        && $iGroupedRank !== array_key_last($aGroupedSearches)) {
                        // Haven't found an exact match for the query yet.
                        // Therefore add result from the next group level.
                        $aNextResults = $aSplitResults['head'];
                        foreach ($aNextResults as $oRes) {
                            $oRes->iResultRank--;
                        }
                        foreach ($aSplitResults['tail'] as $oRes) {
                            $oRes->iResultRank--;
                            $aNextResults[$oRes->iId] = $oRes;
                        }
                        $aResults = array();
                    } else {
                        $aResults = $aSplitResults['head'];
                    }
                }

                if (!empty($aResults) && ($this->iMinAddressRank != 0 || $this->iMaxAddressRank != 30)) {
                    // Need to verify passes rank limits before dropping out of the loop (yuk!)
                    // reduces the number of place ids, like a filter
                    // rank_address is 30 for interpolated housenumbers
                    $aFilterSql = array();
                    $sPlaceIds = Result::joinIdsByTable($aResults, Result::TABLE_PLACEX);
                    if ($sPlaceIds) {
                        $sSQL = 'SELECT place_id FROM placex ';
                        $sSQL .= 'WHERE place_id in ('.$sPlaceIds.') ';
                        $sSQL .= '  AND (';
                        $sSQL .= "         placex.rank_address between $this->iMinAddressRank and $this->iMaxAddressRank ";
                        $sSQL .= "         OR placex.rank_search between $this->iMinAddressRank and $this->iMaxAddressRank ";
                        if ($this->aAddressRankList) {
                            $sSQL .= '     OR placex.rank_address in ('.join(',', $this->aAddressRankList).')';
                        }
                        $sSQL .= ')';
                        $aFilterSql[] = $sSQL;
                    }
                    $sPlaceIds = Result::joinIdsByTable($aResults, Result::TABLE_POSTCODE);
                    if ($sPlaceIds) {
                        $sSQL = ' SELECT place_id FROM location_postcode lp ';
                        $sSQL .= 'WHERE place_id in ('.$sPlaceIds.') ';
                        $sSQL .= "  AND (lp.rank_address between $this->iMinAddressRank and $this->iMaxAddressRank ";
                        if ($this->aAddressRankList) {
                            $sSQL .= '     OR lp.rank_address in ('.join(',', $this->aAddressRankList).')';
                        }
                        $sSQL .= ') ';
                        $aFilterSql[] = $sSQL;
                    }

                    $aFilteredIDs = array();
                    if ($aFilterSql) {
                        $sSQL = join(' UNION ', $aFilterSql);
                        Debug::printSQL($sSQL);
                        $aFilteredIDs = $this->oDB->getCol($sSQL);
                    }

                    $tempIDs = array();
                    foreach ($aResults as $oResult) {
                        if (($this->iMaxAddressRank == 30 &&
                             ($oResult->iTable == Result::TABLE_OSMLINE
                              || $oResult->iTable == Result::TABLE_TIGER))
                            || in_array($oResult->iId, $aFilteredIDs)
                        ) {
                            $tempIDs[$oResult->iId] = $oResult;
                        }
                    }
                    $aResults = $tempIDs;
                }

                if (!empty($aResults) || $iGroupLoop > 4 || $iQueryLoop > 30) {
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else {
            // Just interpret as a reverse geocode
            $oReverse = new ReverseGeocode($this->oDB);
            $oReverse->setZoom(18);

            $oLookup = $oReverse->lookupPoint($oCtx->sqlNear, false);

            Debug::printVar('Reverse search', $oLookup);

            if ($oLookup) {
                $aResults = array($oLookup->iId => $oLookup);
            }
        }

        // No results? Done
        if (empty($aResults)) {
            if ($this->bFallback && $this->fallbackStructuredQuery()) {
                return $this->lookup();
            }

            return array();
        }

        if ($this->aAddressRankList) {
            $this->oPlaceLookup->setAddressRankList($this->aAddressRankList);
        }
        $this->oPlaceLookup->setAllowedTypesSQLList($this->sAllowedTypesSQLList);
        $this->oPlaceLookup->setLanguagePreference($this->aLangPrefOrder);
        if ($oCtx->hasNearPoint()) {
            $this->oPlaceLookup->setAnchorSql($oCtx->sqlNear);
        }

        $aSearchResults = $this->oPlaceLookup->lookup($aResults);

        $aRecheckWords = preg_split('/\b[\s,\\-]*/u', $sQuery);
        foreach ($aRecheckWords as $i => $sWord) {
            if (!preg_match('/[\pL\pN]/', $sWord)) {
                unset($aRecheckWords[$i]);
            }
        }

        Debug::printVar('Recheck words', $aRecheckWords);

        foreach ($aSearchResults as $iIdx => $aResult) {
            $fRadius = ClassTypes\getDefRadius($aResult);

            $aOutlineResult = $this->oPlaceLookup->getOutlines($aResult['place_id'], $aResult['lon'], $aResult['lat'], $fRadius);
            if ($aOutlineResult) {
                $aResult = array_merge($aResult, $aOutlineResult);
            }

            // Is there an icon set for this type of result?
            $sIcon = ClassTypes\getIconFile($aResult);
            if (isset($sIcon)) {
                $aResult['icon'] = $sIcon;
            }

            $sLabel = ClassTypes\getLabel($aResult);
            if (isset($sLabel)) {
                $aResult['label'] = $sLabel;
            }
            $aResult['name'] = $aResult['langaddress'];

            if ($oCtx->hasNearPoint()) {
                $aResult['importance'] = 0.001;
                $aResult['foundorder'] = $aResult['addressimportance'];
            } else {
                if ($aResult['importance'] == 0) {
                    $aResult['importance'] = 0.0001;
                }
                $aResult['importance'] *= $this->viewboxImportanceFactor(
                    $aResult['lon'],
                    $aResult['lat']
                );

                // secondary ordering (for results with same importance (the smaller the better):
                // - approximate importance of address parts
                if (isset($aResult['addressimportance']) && $aResult['addressimportance']) {
                    $aResult['foundorder'] = -$aResult['addressimportance']/10;
                } else {
                    $aResult['foundorder'] = -$aResult['importance'];
                }
                // - number of exact matches from the query
                $aResult['foundorder'] -= $aResults[$aResult['place_id']]->iExactMatches;
                // - importance of the class/type
                $iClassImportance = ClassTypes\getImportance($aResult);
                if (isset($iClassImportance)) {
                    $aResult['foundorder'] += 0.0001 * $iClassImportance;
                } else {
                    $aResult['foundorder'] += 0.01;
                }
                // - rank
                $aResult['foundorder'] -= 0.00001 * (30 - $aResult['rank_search']);

                // Adjust importance for the number of exact string matches in the result
                $iCountWords = 0;
                $sAddress = $aResult['langaddress'];
                foreach ($aRecheckWords as $i => $sWord) {
                    if (grapheme_stripos($sAddress, $sWord)!==false) {
                        $iCountWords++;
                        if (preg_match('/(^|,)\s*'.preg_quote($sWord, '/').'\s*(,|$)/', $sAddress)) {
                            $iCountWords += 0.1;
                        }
                    }
                }

                // 0.1 is a completely arbitrary number but something in the range 0.1 to 0.5 would seem right
                $aResult['importance'] = $aResult['importance'] + ($iCountWords*0.1);
            }
            $aSearchResults[$iIdx] = $aResult;
        }
        uasort($aSearchResults, 'byImportance');
        Debug::printVar('Pre-filter results', $aSearchResults);

        $aOSMIDDone = array();
        $aClassTypeNameDone = array();
        $aToFilter = $aSearchResults;
        $aSearchResults = array();

        foreach ($aToFilter as $aResult) {
            $this->aExcludePlaceIDs[$aResult['place_id']] = $aResult['place_id'];
            if (!$this->oPlaceLookup->doDeDupe() || (!isset($aOSMIDDone[$aResult['osm_type'].$aResult['osm_id']])
                && !isset($aClassTypeNameDone[$aResult['osm_type'].$aResult['class'].$aResult['type'].$aResult['name'].$aResult['admin_level']]))
            ) {
                $aOSMIDDone[$aResult['osm_type'].$aResult['osm_id']] = true;
                $aClassTypeNameDone[$aResult['osm_type'].$aResult['class'].$aResult['type'].$aResult['name'].$aResult['admin_level']] = true;
                $aSearchResults[] = $aResult;
            }

            // Absolute limit on number of results
            if (count($aSearchResults) >= $this->iFinalLimit) {
                break;
            }
        }

        Debug::printVar('Post-filter results', $aSearchResults);
        return $aSearchResults;
    } // end lookup()

    public function debugInfo()
    {
        return array(
                'Query' => $this->sQuery,
                'Structured query' => $this->aStructuredQuery,
                'Name keys' => Debug::fmtArrayVals($this->aLangPrefOrder),
                'Excluded place IDs' => Debug::fmtArrayVals($this->aExcludePlaceIDs),
                'Limit (for searches)' => $this->iLimit,
                'Limit (for results)'=> $this->iFinalLimit,
                'Country codes' => Debug::fmtArrayVals($this->aCountryCodes),
                'Bounded search' => $this->bBoundedSearch,
                'Viewbox' => Debug::fmtArrayVals($this->aViewBox),
                'Route points' => Debug::fmtArrayVals($this->aRoutePoints),
                'Route width' => $this->aRouteWidth,
                'Max rank' => $this->iMaxRank,
                'Min address rank' => $this->iMinAddressRank,
                'Max address rank' => $this->iMaxAddressRank,
                'Address rank list' => Debug::fmtArrayVals($this->aAddressRankList)
               );
    }
} // end class