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ConstituencyGEResults.R
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ConstituencyGEResults.R
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rm(list=ls())
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
library(tidyr)
library(data.table)
library(ggtern)
#Original data comes from http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8647/1918-2017election_results_by_pcon.xlsx
#but need better R-based Excel wrangling than I posses to read that in tidily, so did a little pre-processing within Excel (sorry)
#Read in data
data <- fread("Data/ConstituencyResults.csv")
data$LibLabCon <- data$Con+data$LibDem+data$Lab
data$LibLabConProp <- data$LibLabCon/data$Votes
data$ConProp <- data$Con/(data$Con+data$Lab+data$LibDem)
data$LabProp <- data$Lab/(data$Con+data$Lab+data$LibDem)
data$LibProp <- data$LibDem/(data$Con+data$Lab+data$LibDem)
data$year <- as.numeric(data$year)
#Align constituency names (doesn't fully solve it as some names reordered in data in some years)
data$cons <- gsub("&", "AND", data$cons)
data$cons <- gsub(",", "", data$cons)
#Filter England only data (ignoring the tiny number of non Lab/Lib/Con MPs from England...)
Engdata <- subset(data, country=="England")
#Determine Winner
Engdata$Winner <- case_when(
Engdata$ConProp>Engdata$LabProp & Engdata$ConProp>Engdata$LibProp ~ "Con",
Engdata$LabProp>Engdata$LibProp~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
#Get data into appropriate wide shape
#Start with 2010 onwards as id variables change between 2005 and 2010
Engdata1017 <- spread(subset(Engdata, year>=2010)[,c("id", "year", "ConProp")], year, ConProp)
colnames(Engdata1017) <- c("id", "ConProp2010", "ConProp2015", "ConProp2017")
temp <- spread(subset(Engdata, year>=2010)[,c("id", "year", "LabProp")], year, LabProp)
colnames(temp) <- c("id", "LabProp2010", "LabProp2015", "LabProp2017")
temp2 <- spread(subset(Engdata, year>=2010)[,c("id", "year", "LibProp")], year, LibProp)
colnames(temp2) <- c("id", "LibProp2010", "LibProp2015", "LibProp2017")
Engdata1017 <- merge(Engdata1017, temp)
Engdata1017 <- merge(Engdata1017, temp2)
Engdata1017 <- merge(Engdata1017, subset(data, year==2017)[,c("id", "cons")], by="id")
Engdata1017$Winner2017 <- case_when(
Engdata1017$ConProp2017>Engdata1017$LabProp2017 & Engdata1017$ConProp2017>Engdata1017$LibProp2017 ~ "Con",
Engdata1017$LabProp2017>Engdata1017$LibProp2017 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata1017$Winner2015 <- case_when(
Engdata1017$ConProp2015>Engdata1017$LabProp2015 & Engdata1017$ConProp2015>Engdata1017$LibProp2015 ~ "Con",
Engdata1017$LabProp2015>Engdata1017$LibProp2015 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata1017$Winner2010 <- case_when(
Engdata1017$ConProp2010>Engdata1017$LabProp2010 & Engdata1017$ConProp2010>Engdata1017$LibProp2010 ~ "Con",
Engdata1017$LabProp2010>Engdata1017$LibProp2010 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
#Generate flags for flipped consituencies
Engdata1017$Flip2017 <- ifelse(Engdata1017$Winner2017!=Engdata1017$Winner2015, 1, 0)
Engdata1017$Flip2015 <- ifelse(Engdata1017$Winner2015!=Engdata1017$Winner2010, 1, 0)
#Move onto older data 1997-2005
Engdata9705 <- spread(subset(Engdata, year<2010 & year>1992)[,c("id", "year", "ConProp")], year, ConProp)
colnames(Engdata9705) <- c("id", "ConProp1997", "ConProp2001", "ConProp2005")
temp <- spread(subset(Engdata, year<2010 & year>1992)[,c("id", "year", "LabProp")], year, LabProp)
colnames(temp) <- c("id", "LabProp1997","LabProp2001", "LabProp2005")
temp2 <- spread(subset(Engdata, year<2010 & year>1992)[,c("id", "year", "LibProp")], year, LibProp)
colnames(temp2) <- c("id", "LibProp1997", "LibProp2001", "LibProp2005")
Engdata9705 <- merge(Engdata9705, temp)
Engdata9705 <- merge(Engdata9705, temp2)
Engdata9705 <- merge(Engdata9705, subset(data, year==2005)[,c("id", "cons")], by="id")
Engdata9705$Winner2005 <- case_when(
Engdata9705$ConProp2005>Engdata9705$LabProp2005 & Engdata9705$ConProp2005>Engdata9705$LibProp2005 ~ "Con",
Engdata9705$LabProp2005>Engdata9705$LibProp2005 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata9705$Winner2001 <- case_when(
Engdata9705$ConProp2001>Engdata9705$LabProp2001 & Engdata9705$ConProp2001>Engdata9705$LibProp2001 ~ "Con",
Engdata9705$LabProp2001>Engdata9705$LibProp2001 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata9705$Winner1997 <- case_when(
Engdata9705$ConProp1997>Engdata9705$LabProp1997 & Engdata9705$ConProp1997>Engdata9705$LibProp1997 ~ "Con",
Engdata9705$LabProp1997>Engdata9705$LibProp1997 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
#Generate flags for flipped consituencies
Engdata9705$Flip2005 <- ifelse(Engdata9705$Winner2005!=Engdata9705$Winner2001, 1, 0)
Engdata9705$Flip2001 <- ifelse(Engdata9705$Winner2001!=Engdata9705$Winner1997, 1, 0)
Engdata9705$Flip1997 <- ifelse(Engdata9705$Winner1997!=Engdata9705$Winner1992, 1, 0)
#Oldest data 1983-1992
Engdata8392 <- spread(subset(Engdata, year<1997)[,c("id", "year", "ConProp")], year, ConProp)
colnames(Engdata8392) <- c("id", "ConProp1983", "ConProp1987", "ConProp1992")
temp <- spread(subset(Engdata, year<1997)[,c("id", "year", "LabProp")], year, LabProp)
colnames(temp) <- c("id", "LabProp1983","LabProp1987", "LabProp1992")
temp2 <- spread(subset(Engdata, year<1997)[,c("id", "year", "LibProp")], year, LibProp)
colnames(temp2) <- c("id", "LibProp1983", "LibProp1987", "LibProp1992")
Engdata8392 <- merge(Engdata8392, temp)
Engdata8392 <- merge(Engdata8392, temp2)
Engdata8392 <- merge(Engdata8392, subset(data, year==1992)[,c("id", "cons")], by="id")
Engdata8392$Winner1992 <- case_when(
Engdata8392$ConProp1992>Engdata8392$LabProp1992 & Engdata8392$ConProp1992>Engdata8392$LibProp1992 ~ "Con",
Engdata8392$LabProp1992>Engdata8392$LibProp1992 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata8392$Winner1987 <- case_when(
Engdata8392$ConProp1987>Engdata8392$LabProp1987 & Engdata8392$ConProp1987>Engdata8392$LibProp1987 ~ "Con",
Engdata8392$LabProp1987>Engdata8392$LibProp1987 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata8392$Winner1983 <- case_when(
Engdata8392$ConProp1983>Engdata8392$LabProp1983 & Engdata8392$ConProp1983>Engdata8392$LibProp1983 ~ "Con",
Engdata8392$LabProp1983>Engdata8392$LibProp1983 ~ "Lab",
TRUE ~ "Lib"
)
Engdata8392$Flip1992 <- ifelse(Engdata8392$Winner1992!=Engdata8392$Winner1987, 1, 0)
Engdata8392$Flip1987 <- ifelse(Engdata8392$Winner1987!=Engdata8392$Winner1983, 1, 0)
#Bring it all back together (lose a few constituencies through misalignment of names in original data)
Fulldata <- merge(Engdata1017, Engdata9705, by="cons", all.x=TRUE)
Fulldata <- merge(Fulldata, Engdata8392, by="cons", all.x=TRUE)
#Generate 1997 & 2010 flags
Fulldata$Flip1997 <- ifelse(Fulldata$Winner1997!=Fulldata$Winner1992, 1, 0)
Fulldata$Flip2010 <- ifelse(Fulldata$Winner2010!=Fulldata$Winner2005, 1, 0)
#generate background
con <- data.frame(y=c(0,0.5,1/3, 0),
x=c(0,0,1/3,0.5),
z=c(1,0.5,1/3,0.5), Col="Blue")
lib <- data.frame(x=c(0,0.5,1/3, 0),
z=c(0,0,1/3,0.5),
y=c(1,0.5,1/3,0.5), Col="Yel")
lab <- data.frame(z=c(0,0.5,1/3, 0),
y=c(0,0,1/3,0.5),
x=c(1,0.5,1/3,0.5), Col="Red")
background <- rbind(con, lib, lab)
tiff("Outputs/201517Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Engdata1017, aes(z=ConProp2017, y=LibProp2017, x=LabProp2017, colour=Winner2017),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Engdata1017, aes(x=LabProp2015, xend=LabProp2017,
y=LibProp2015, yend=LibProp2017,
z=ConProp2015, zend=ConProp2017, colour=Winner2017),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata1017, Flip2017==1), aes(z=ConProp2017, y=LibProp2017,
x=LabProp2017, colour=Winner2017))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Engdata1017, Flip2017==1), aes(x=LabProp2015, xend=LabProp2017,
y=LibProp2015, yend=LibProp2017,
z=ConProp2015, zend=ConProp2017, colour=Winner2017))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 2015 and 2017 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/201015Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Engdata1017, aes(z=ConProp2015, y=LibProp2015, x=LabProp2015, colour=Winner2015),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Engdata1017, aes(x=LabProp2010, xend=LabProp2015,
y=LibProp2010, yend=LibProp2015,
z=ConProp2010, zend=ConProp2015, colour=Winner2015),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata1017, Flip2015==1), aes(z=ConProp2015, y=LibProp2015,
x=LabProp2015, colour=Winner2015))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Engdata1017, Flip2015==1), aes(x=LabProp2010, xend=LabProp2015,
y=LibProp2010, yend=LibProp2015,
z=ConProp2010, zend=ConProp2015,
colour=Winner2015))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 2010 and 2015 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/200510Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Fulldata, aes(z=ConProp2010, y=LibProp2010, x=LabProp2010, colour=Winner2010),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Fulldata, aes(x=LabProp2005, xend=LabProp2010,
y=LibProp2005, yend=LibProp2010,
z=ConProp2005, zend=ConProp2010, colour=Winner2010),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Fulldata, Flip2010==1), aes(z=ConProp2010, y=LibProp2010,
x=LabProp2010, colour=Winner2010))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Fulldata, Flip2010==1), aes(x=LabProp2005, xend=LabProp2010,
y=LibProp2005, yend=LibProp2010,
z=ConProp2005, zend=ConProp2010,
colour=Winner2010))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 2005 and 2010 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/200105Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Engdata9705, aes(z=ConProp2005, y=LibProp2005, x=LabProp2005, colour=Winner2005),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Engdata9705, aes(x=LabProp2001, xend=LabProp2005,
y=LibProp2001, yend=LibProp2005,
z=ConProp2001, zend=ConProp2005, colour=Winner2005),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata9705, Flip2005==1), aes(z=ConProp2005, y=LibProp2005,
x=LabProp2005, colour=Winner2005))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Engdata9705, Flip2005==1), aes(x=LabProp2001, xend=LabProp2005,
y=LibProp2001, yend=LibProp2005,
z=ConProp2001, zend=ConProp2005,
colour=Winner2005))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 2001 and 2005 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/19972001Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Engdata9705, aes(z=ConProp2001, y=LibProp2001, x=LabProp2001, colour=Winner2001),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Engdata9705, aes(x=LabProp1997, xend=LabProp2001,
y=LibProp1997, yend=LibProp2001,
z=ConProp1997, zend=ConProp2001, colour=Winner2001),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata9705, Flip2001==1), aes(z=ConProp2001, y=LibProp2001,
x=LabProp2001, colour=Winner2001))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Engdata9705, Flip2001==1), aes(x=LabProp1997, xend=LabProp2001,
y=LibProp1997, yend=LibProp2001,
z=ConProp1997, zend=ConProp2001,
colour=Winner2001))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 1997 and 2001 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/199297Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Fulldata, aes(z=ConProp1997, y=LibProp1997, x=LabProp1997, colour=Winner1997),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Fulldata, aes(x=LabProp1992, xend=LabProp1997,
y=LibProp1992, yend=LibProp1997,
z=ConProp1992, zend=ConProp1997, colour=Winner1997),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Fulldata, Flip1997==1), aes(z=ConProp1997, y=LibProp1997,
x=LabProp1997, colour=Winner1997))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Fulldata, Flip1997==1), aes(x=LabProp1992, xend=LabProp1997,
y=LibProp1992, yend=LibProp1997,
z=ConProp1992, zend=ConProp1997,
colour=Winner1997))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 1992 and 1997 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/198792Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Engdata8392, aes(z=ConProp1992, y=LibProp1992, x=LabProp1992, colour=Winner1992),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Engdata8392, aes(x=LabProp1987, xend=LabProp1992,
y=LibProp1987, yend=LibProp1992,
z=ConProp1987, zend=ConProp1992, colour=Winner1992),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata8392, Flip1992==1), aes(z=ConProp1992, y=LibProp1992,
x=LabProp1992, colour=Winner1992))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Engdata8392, Flip1992==1), aes(x=LabProp1987, xend=LabProp1992,
y=LibProp1987, yend=LibProp1992,
z=ConProp1987, zend=ConProp1992,
colour=Winner1992))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 1987 and 1992 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
tiff("Outputs/198387Tern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_point(data=Engdata8392, aes(z=ConProp1987, y=LibProp1987, x=LabProp1987, colour=Winner1987),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_segment(data=Engdata8392, aes(x=LabProp1983, xend=LabProp1987,
y=LibProp1983, yend=LibProp1987,
z=ConProp1983, zend=ConProp1987, colour=Winner1987),
alpha=0.2)+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata8392, Flip1987==1), aes(z=ConProp1987, y=LibProp1987,
x=LabProp1987, colour=Winner1987))+
geom_segment(data=subset(Engdata8392, Flip1987==1), aes(x=LabProp1983, xend=LabProp1987,
y=LibProp1983, yend=LibProp1987,
z=ConProp1983, zend=ConProp1987,
colour=Winner1987))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#d50000", "#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title="Electoral shifts between 1983 and 1987 General Elections",
subtitle="English constituencies only",
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()
#Constituency-specfic path
const <- "SHEFFIELD HALLAM"
tiff("Outputs/HallamTern.tiff", units="in", width=8, height=8, res=500)
ggtern()+
geom_polygon(data=background, aes(x, y, z,fill=Col), alpha=0.1)+
theme_hidegrid()+
theme_showarrows()+
scale_fill_manual(values=c("#0087dc", "#fdbb30","#d50000"), guide=FALSE)+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0.5, xend=1/3, y=0, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_segment(aes(x=0, xend=1/3, y=0.5, yend=1/3, z=0.5, zend=1/3), colour="white")+
geom_path(data=subset(Engdata, cons==const), aes(x=LabProp, y=LibProp, z=ConProp),
arrow = arrow(angle = 15, ends="first", type = "closed", length=unit(0.1,"inches")))+
geom_point(data=subset(Engdata, cons==const), aes(x=LabProp, y=LibProp, z=ConProp, colour=Winner))+
scale_colour_manual(values=c(Con="#0087dc", Lab="#d50000", Lib="#fdbb30"), guide=FALSE)+
labs(x="", xarrow="Labour vote %", y="", yarrow="Lib Dem vote %",
z="", zarrow="Conservative vote %",
title=paste("Electoral shifts in", const, "between 1983 and 2017 General Elections"),
caption="Data from House of Commons library | Plot by @VictimOfMaths")
dev.off()