ci: Change the GH job that builds the documentation (cvc5#12076)

This PR changes the GH job used to build the documentation from
`ubuntu:safe-mode` to `ubuntu:production-dbg`. The previous
configuration was failing to generate some example outputs for the files
specified in `base_options.toml` because certain options are not
compatible with `safe-mode`.

Author: daniel-larraz

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -26,14 +26,12 @@ jobs:
             run_regression_args: --tester base --tester model --tester synth --tester abduct --tester dump
 
           - name: ubuntu:safe-mode
-            os: ubuntu-24.04
-            config: safe-mode --auto-download --all-bindings --editline --docs --docs-ga -DBUILD_GMP=1
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            config: safe-mode --auto-download --all-bindings --editline -DBUILD_GMP=1
             cache-key: production-safe
             strip-bin: strip
             python-bindings: true
             java-bindings: true
-            java-version: 21
-            build-documentation: true
             check-examples: true
             exclude_regress: 3-4
             run_regression_args: --tester base --tester proof --tester cpc --tester model --tester synth --tester abduct --tester dump
@@ -129,13 +127,18 @@ jobs:
             exclude_regress: 3-4
             run_regression_args: --tester base --tester model --tester synth --tester abduct --tester dump
 
+            # Job used to build the documentation
           - name: ubuntu:production-dbg
-            os: ubuntu-22.04
-            config: production --auto-download --assertions --tracing --unit-testing --all-bindings --editline --cocoa --gpl -DBUILD_GMP=1
+            os: ubuntu-24.04 # Use Doxygen version from this Ubuntu release
+            config: >-
+              production --auto-download --assertions --tracing --unit-testing --editline
+              --cocoa --gpl --all-bindings --docs --docs-ga -DBUILD_GMP=1
             cache-key: dbg
+            python-bindings: true
+            java-version: 21 # Use Javadoc from this Java version
+            build-documentation: true
             exclude_regress: 3-4
             run_regression_args: --tester base --tester model --tester synth --tester abduct --tester proof --tester dump
-            python-bindings: true
 
           - name: ubuntu:production-dbg-clang
             os: ubuntu-22.04