Java

Developed Sun Microsystems in 1995
Designed Scalability and Eneterprise level applications
- Very structured and strict language
- Was designed not so much for fun programming like Python

Core Features of Java

Automatic memory management
- Programming bugs that involved Pointers were a MASSIVE time loss in development
- Those time loses and failed project cost companies untold million
- Java has NO POINTERS and has a garbage collector
WORA (Write Once Run Anywhere)
- You could write a Java application on one machine and reliably run it on any other machine that had Java.
- All Java versions are backwards compatible
  - You could write an application in Java today and get it to run on Java v 1.1
- JVM (Java Virtual Machine)
Compiled
- The entire code is read and then turned into byte code to be executed by the JVM
- In contrast Python is a Intepreted language that runs and executes line by line at the same time
- Java can perform optimizations to your compiled code
- Java can perform additional type and safety checking
- Java Source code is written in .java files
- The compiled byte code for machines is put in .class files
  - These .class files are NOT meant to read by humans
  - Acutally a form of Java Assembly code (THERE IS ZERO SECUITY)
OOP (Object Oriented Programming)
- Java is a very OOP
- Everything is in a class
- Java code was designed to be as modular and interchangeable as possible

Strongly typed
- No implcity type coercion
Statically typed
- All variables must be given a type
- All methods must have defined return type
Everything is a class
Java does have primitive types that ARE NOT objects the 1% of Java that is not OOP
- Java 8 added lambdas for functional programming
All Java application start at the main method without exception!
```
public static void main(String [] args){

}
```
- Different from Python where you can start a program by executing any file and it executes top to bottom
- Your application could have multiple mains (I have never seen a real application do this)