[CI][R] test-r-extra-packages job has been failing since we bump versions for 19.0.0

[raulcd]

Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

Since we bumped versions for 19.0.0:
e434536...982c469

The test-r-extra-packages has been failing with:

 * installing to library ‘/home/runner/work/_temp/Library’
* installing *source* package ‘arrow’ ...
** using staged installation
*** pkg-config found.
*** No nightly binaries were found for version 19.0.0.9000: falling back to libarrow build from source
*** Found libcurl and OpenSSL >= 3.0.0
*** Unable to retrieve libarrow for version 19.0.0.9000 (linux-openssl-3.0)
*** Proceeding without libarrow (no local source)
------------------------- NOTE ---------------------------
There was an issue building the Arrow C++ libraries.
See https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/install.html
---------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘arrow’
* removing ‘/home/runner/work/_temp/Library/arrow’

Component(s)

Continuous Integration, R

[kou]

Oh... Our R nightly job is failing since 2024-12-10: https://nightlies.apache.org/arrow/r/src/contrib/

https://github.com/apache/arrow/actions/runs/13032963788/job/36356359517#step:11:30

  Error: Rscript: command not found

[eitsupi]

Could this be related to R being removed as a result of the GHA runner image being updated?

[kou]

Oh, really? Should we use setup-r?

[eitsupi]

Oh, really?

ubuntu-22.04 (became ubuntu-latest these days) doesn't have R.
https://github.com/actions/runner-images/blob/ubuntu24/20250126.1/images/ubuntu/Ubuntu2404-Readme.md

Should we use setup-r?

Or, just installing R by apt install r-base maybe enough.

[eitsupi]

I've open #45464.
I don't think I have the privileges to actually run this CI, so I have not tested it.