[fix][admin] Fix exception loss in getMessageId method (#23766)

Co-authored-by: houbonan <[email protected]>
(cherry picked from commit 3d50574)

Author: danpi

pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/admin/impl/PersistentTopicsBase.java

@@ -2762,17 +2762,18 @@ protected CompletableFuture<Response> internalGetMessageById(long ledgerId, long
                         public void readEntryFailed(ManagedLedgerException exception,
                                                     Object ctx) {
                             if (exception instanceof ManagedLedgerException.LedgerNotExistException) {
-                                throw new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Message id not found");
+                                results.completeExceptionally(
+                                        new RestException(Status.NOT_FOUND, "Message id not found"));
                             }
-                            throw new RestException(exception);
+                            results.completeExceptionally(new RestException(exception));
                         }
 
                         @Override
                         public void readEntryComplete(Entry entry, Object ctx) {
                             try {
                                 results.complete(generateResponseWithEntry(entry, (PersistentTopic) topic));
                             } catch (IOException exception) {
-                                throw new RestException(exception);
+                                results.completeExceptionally(new RestException(exception));
                             } finally {
                                 if (entry != null) {
                                     entry.release();

pulsar-broker/src/test/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/admin/PersistentTopicsTest.java

@@ -1389,6 +1389,10 @@ public void testGetMessageById() throws Exception {
         Assert.expectThrows(PulsarAdminException.NotFoundException.class, () -> {
             admin.topics().getMessageById(topicName1, id2.getLedgerId(), id2.getEntryId());
         });
+
+        Assert.expectThrows(PulsarAdminException.ServerSideErrorException.class, () -> {
+            admin.topics().getMessageById(topicName1, id1.getLedgerId(), id1.getEntryId() + 10);
+        });
     }
 
     @Test