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README: improve Installation and Updating guides
Responding to further user feedback... :-) Updates to README: * supply a simplified updater script (no comments / streamlined) that is easy to setup, for new users * curl / install commands+options are available cross-platform on Linux / FreeBSD * note: `winetricks --self-update` is **not** the same - this will only update to a newer release and will not update the bash.completion script Fixes: Winetricks#1192 Signed-off-by: Rob Walker <[email protected]>
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Diff for: ‎README.md

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@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
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Tagged releases are accessible here:
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https://github.com/Winetricks/winetricks/releases
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# Installing
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# Installing (Package)
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The ```winetricks``` package should be used if it is available and up to date. The package is available in most mainstream (Unix-like) Operating Systems:
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* Arch: https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/any/winetricks/
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Note: packaged Debian / Ubuntu winetricks versions are typically outdated, so a manual installation is recommended.
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If the package is unavailable, outdated, or the latest version is desired, a manual installation of winetricks can be done.
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It is _highly_ recommended to uninstall any previously installed version of winetricks first.
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# Automating Installation & Updating
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**_If you don't uninstall a previously installed, packaged version of winetricks... Well then you get to pick up the pieces!_**
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If the winetricks package is unavailable, outdated, or the latest version is desired, a manual auto-updating setup is recommended.
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It is _highly_ recommended to uninstall any previously installed version of winetricks first.
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E.g. for Debian / Ubuntu:
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**_If you don't uninstall a previously installed, packaged version of winetricks... Well then you get to pick up the pieces!_** ... E.g. for Debian / Ubuntu:
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```
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sudo apt-get purge winetricks
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```
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Then, for Ubuntu, use a shell script to download the current winetricks script(s).
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E.g.:
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```
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# Create and switch to a temporary directory writeable by current user. See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/subshells.html
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cd "$(mktemp -d)"
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# Use a BASH "here document" to create an updater shell script file.
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# See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/here-docs.html
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# > outputs stdout to a file, overwriting any pre-existing file
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# << takes input, directly from the script itself, till the second '_EOF_SCRIPT' marker, as stdin
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# the cat command hooks these 2 streams up (stdin and stdout)
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###### create update_winetricks START ########
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cat > update_winetricks <<_EOF_SCRIPT
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#!/bin/sh
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# Create and switch to a temporary directory writeable by current user. See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/subshells.html
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cd "$(mktemp -d)"
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# Download the latest winetricks script (master="latest version") from Github.
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
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# Mark the winetricks script (we've just downloaded) as executable. See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/GNU-Linux-Tools-Summary/html/x9543.htm
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chmod +x winetricks
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# Move the winetricks script to a location which will be in the standard user PATH. See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/internalvariables.html
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sudo mv winetricks /usr/bin
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# Download the latest winetricks BASH completion script (master="latest version") from Github.
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks.bash-completion
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# Move the winetricks BASH completion script to a standard location for BASH completion modules. See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/tabexpansion.html
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sudo mv winetricks.bash-completion /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/winetricks
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_EOF_SCRIPT
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###### create update_winetricks FINISH ########
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# Mark the update_winetricks script (we've just written out) as executable. See:
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# https://www.tldp.org/LDP/GNU-Linux-Tools-Summary/html/x9543.htm
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chmod +x update_winetricks
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# We must escalate privileges to root, as regular Linux users do not have write access to '/usr/bin'.
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sudo mv update_winetricks /usr/bin/
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```
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See the manpages for the individual functions, if you are not clear how they are being used, e.g.
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```
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man mktemp
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man mv
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man wget
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man sudo
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...
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```
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An alternative updater script implementation, using **su** in place of **sudo**, is also possible:
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```
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cd "$(mktemp -d)"
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cat > update_winetricks <<_EOF_SCRIPT
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#!/bin/sh
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cd "$(mktemp -d)"
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks.bash-completion
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chmod +x winetricks
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su root sh -c 'mv winetricks /usr/bin ; mv winetricks.bash-completion /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/winetricks'
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_EOF_SCRIPT
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chmod +x update_winetricks
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su root sh -c 'mv update_winetricks /usr/bin/'
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```
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To use ```curl``` instead of ```wget```: subsitute all ```wget``` calls with ```curl -O```, in the winetricks update script.
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# Updating
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Using the traditional Unix crontab...
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```
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sudo ln "/usr/bin/update_winetricks" "/etc/cron.weekly/update_winetricks"
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```
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Note: ensure you have a cron utility installed and enabled, on systems utilizing **systemd** by default.
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The update script can be automated, to run on a set schedule, via (where available) **systemd** units.
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E.g. to create a scheduled winetricks updater **systemd** **timer** unit, and an associated **systemd** **service** unit:
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```
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cd "$(mktemp -d)"
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cat > winetricks_update.timer <<_EOF_TIMER_UNIT
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[Unit]
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Description=Run winetricks update script weekly (Saturday)
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[Timer]
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OnCalendar=Sat
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Persistent=true
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[Install]
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WantedBy=timers.target
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_EOF_TIMER_UNIT
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cat > winetricks_update.service <<_EOF_SERVICE_UNIT
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[Unit]
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Description=Run winetricks update script
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/update_winetricks
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Type=oneshot
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_EOF_SERVICE_UNIT
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sudo mv winetricks_update.timer winetricks_update.service /etc/systemd/system/
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```
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See:
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* [freedesktop.org: systemd service unit](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.service.html)
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* [freedesktop.org: systemd timer unit](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.timer.html)
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To start and enable the winetricks update timer:
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```
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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sudo systemctl enable winetricks_update.timer
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sudo systemctl start winetricks_update.timer
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```
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The core winetricks script can also be updated by simply doing:
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```
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winetricks --self-update
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```
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or:
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```
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sudo winetricks --self-update
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```
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for a system-wide winetricks installation.
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<hr />
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Steps to setup an winetricks auto-updater script (pulling the Git Master on a weekly basis)...
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1. Simple shell script to download and install the current winetricks script(s):
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```
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cat <<_EOF_SCRIPT | sudo install /dev/stdin /usr/bin/update_winetricks
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#!/bin/sh
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curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks \
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| sudo install /dev/stdin /usr/bin/winetricks
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curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Winetricks/winetricks/master/src/winetricks.bash-completion \
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| sudo install /dev/stdin /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/winetricks
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_EOF_SCRIPT
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```
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2. Automatically running the winetricks updater (update_winetricks) script. Use only **one** of the **two** service options:
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* Option _i._ [Cron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron)-based.
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* Option _ii._ [systemd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd)-based (**Linux -only**).
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<hr />
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1. Use Cron to auto-update winetricks (weekly):
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```
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sudo ln -s "/usr/bin/update_winetricks" "/etc/cron.weekly/update_winetricks"
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```
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<hr />
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2. Use a **systemd timer unit** and **systemd service unit** to auto-update winetricks (weekly).
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**systemd timer unit** (calls the **systemd service unit** at a specified interval):
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```
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cat > /etc/systemd/system/winetricks_update.timer <<_EOF_TIMER_UNIT | sudo install /dev/stdin /etc/systemd/system/winetricks_update.timer
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[Unit]
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Description=Run winetricks update script weekly (Saturday)
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[Timer]
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OnCalendar=Sat
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Persistent=true
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[Install]
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WantedBy=timers.target
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_EOF_TIMER_UNIT
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```
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**systemd service unit** (this service does the work - it is called automatically by the **systemd timer unit**):
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```
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cat << _EOF_SERVICE_UNIT | sudo install /dev/stdin /etc/systemd/system/winetricks_update.service
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[Unit]
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Description=Run winetricks update script
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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ExecStart=/usr/bin/update_winetricks
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Type=oneshot
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_EOF_SERVICE_UNIT
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```
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Enable and start the **systemd timer unit**:
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```
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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sudo systemctl enable winetricks_update.timer
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sudo systemctl start winetricks_update.timer
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```
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# Custom .verb files
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New dll/settings/programs can be added to Winetricks by passing a custom .verb (format below)

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