diff --git a/submissions/description/Blockchain_Infrastructure_Misconfiguration/Improper_Bridge_Validation_and_Verification_Logic/template.md b/submissions/description/Blockchain_Infrastructure_Misconfiguration/Improper_Bridge_Validation_and_Verification_Logic/template.md index 59f3208f..02da9afe 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Blockchain_Infrastructure_Misconfiguration/Improper_Bridge_Validation_and_Verification_Logic/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Blockchain_Infrastructure_Misconfiguration/Improper_Bridge_Validation_and_Verification_Logic/template.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ Improper validation in blockchain bridges can lead to significant financial loss 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Analyze the bridge's transaction validation and verification logic. -2. Submit a cross-chain transaction with forged or incomplete data. -3. Observe if the bridge accepts and processes the invalid transaction. -4. Attempt to manipulate or double-spend assets through the bridge. -5. Confirm that the bridge fails to detect or reject the invalid transaction. +1. Submit a cross-chain transaction with forged or incomplete data. +1. Observe if the bridge accepts and processes the invalid transaction. +1. Attempt to manipulate or double-spend assets through the bridge. +1. Confirm that the bridge fails to detect or reject the invalid transaction. **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Flash_Loan_Attack/recommendations.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Flash_Loan_Attack/recommendations.md index a9aee3ec..1252336b 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Flash_Loan_Attack/recommendations.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Flash_Loan_Attack/recommendations.md @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ # Recommendation(s) + Implementing the following defensive measures in the decentralized application can prevent and limit the impact of the vulnerability: - Ensure that there are checks on price and liquidity changes to prevent sudden manipulation caused by flash loans. diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/recommendations.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/recommendations.md index 1ade03ef..e52796d3 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/recommendations.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/recommendations.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Recommendation(s) Implementing the following defensive measures in the decentralized application can prevent and limit the impact of the vulnerability: + - Implement checks and balances to ensure user withdrawals or payouts are only processed if they align with their actual balance. - Ensure all arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction) are performed using SafeMath or similar libraries to avoid overflow and underflow errors. - Perform rigorous code audits to identify and fix accounting logic vulnerabilities before deploying smart contracts. diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/template.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/template.md index 2b4cad7d..13ea572a 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Function_Level_Accounting_Error/template.md @@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ Function-level accounting errors can lead to significant financial discrepancies 1. Review the DeFi protocol's smart contract code for financial functions 1. Identify an edge case or flaw in the logic {{Describe the specific underflow, overflow, or rounding issue identified}} 1. Manipulate the inputs to the vulnerable function to trigger the flaw -1. Observe that the protocol fails to update balances properly which results in an incorrect payout -> {{screenshot}} +1. Observe that the protocol fails to update balances properly which results in an incorrect payout {{screenshot}} **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Improper_Implementation_of_Governance/template.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Improper_Implementation_of_Governance/template.md index cfd21bd9..86939680 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Improper_Implementation_of_Governance/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Improper_Implementation_of_Governance/template.md @@ -9,10 +9,8 @@ This vulnerability can destabilize the protocol, leading to reputational damage, 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Identify the governance mechanism within the DeFi protocol {{Describe the specific governance protocol}} 1. Acquire a large amount of governance tokens {{Describe the method identified and provide steps to reproduce this}} -1. Propose a governance change or vote on an existing proposal -> {{screenshot}} -1. Use the acquired tokens to influence the vote -> {{screenshot}} +1. Propose a governance change or vote on an existing proposal {{screenshot}} +1. Use the acquired tokens to influence the vote {{screenshot}} **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Pricing_Oracle_Manipulation/template.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Pricing_Oracle_Manipulation/template.md index 8dfc5824..91b6c6ad 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Pricing_Oracle_Manipulation/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/DeFi_Security/Pricing_Oracle_Manipulation/template.md @@ -8,11 +8,9 @@ Manipulation of price oracles can destabilize the platform by causing false valu 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Identify a DeFi platform relying on a price oracle for asset valuation: {{define specific platform}} -1. Determine that the price oracle uses a centralized or single-source price feed -> {{screenshot}} +1. Determine that the price oracle uses a centralized or single-source price feed {{screenshot}} 1. Manipulate the liquidity on the platform or provide false data to the oracle -1. Observe price distortions and execute trades based on the manipulated prices to profit -> {{screenshot}} +1. Observe price distortions and execute trades based on the manipulated prices to profit {{screenshot}} 1. Liquidate positions or perform arbitrage before the oracle updates or corrects the prices **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Malicious_Order_Offer/recommendations.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Malicious_Order_Offer/recommendations.md index d36a71a2..fb85b907 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Malicious_Order_Offer/recommendations.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Malicious_Order_Offer/recommendations.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Recommendation(s) Implementing the following defensive measures in the decentralized application can prevent and limit the impact of the vulnerability: + - Enforce strict validation and verification processes for order offers, ensuring terms are clear and transparent. - Implement user alerts for unusually high or suspicious order offers. - Audit the metadata and descriptions associated with each order to prevent deceptive practices. diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Orderbook_Manipulation/recommendations.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Orderbook_Manipulation/recommendations.md index 6af3c35e..22930513 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Orderbook_Manipulation/recommendations.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Orderbook_Manipulation/recommendations.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Recommendation(s) Implementing the following defensive measures in the decentralized application can prevent and limit the impact of the vulnerability: + - Implement strong cryptographic signature validation on all order submissions to ensure the integrity of the original terms. - Introduce non-modifiable order hashes or unique order IDs that prevent post-signature modification. - Regularly audit order processing logic to detect potential manipulation points. diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Unauthorized_Asset_Transfer/recommendations.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Unauthorized_Asset_Transfer/recommendations.md index e050db6b..205a0752 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Unauthorized_Asset_Transfer/recommendations.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Marketplace_Security/Unauthorized_Asset_Transfer/recommendations.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ # Recommendation(s) Implementing the following defensive measures in the decentralized application can prevent and limit the impact of the vulnerability: + - Implement strict access control measures and permission systems to verify ownership before allowing asset transfers. - Introduce multi-signature requirements for high-value asset transfers. - Regularly audit smart contracts to ensure proper authorization logic is enforced. diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Protocol_Security_Misconfiguration/Node-level_Denial_of_Service/template.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Protocol_Security_Misconfiguration/Node-level_Denial_of_Service/template.md index 96df4222..b0ebc65b 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Protocol_Security_Misconfiguration/Node-level_Denial_of_Service/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/Protocol_Security_Misconfiguration/Node-level_Denial_of_Service/template.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ A DoS attack can impact availability, causing loss of trust and a potential decl 1. Identify the network nodes used by the protocol 1. Use {{ tool}} to send a high volume of requests to a specific node 1. Observe the node’s response to see if it slows or becomes unresponsive -4. Observe that the node lacks rate-limiting mechanisms +1. Observe that the node lacks rate-limiting mechanisms **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/template.md b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/template.md index 09adcd6e..b6ea912c 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Decentralized_Application_Misconfiguration/template.md @@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ Decentralized Application (dApp) misconfiguration refers to issues in the design Misconfigured dApps can lead to data breaches, financial losses, and reputational harm. These vulnerabilities may also affect compliance with security standards and regulations. -**Steps to Reproduce** +**Steps to Reproduce** + 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Analyze the dApp's code and configuration for potential security gaps 1. Test inputs and interactions to identify improper handling or validation diff --git a/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/Sandwich-Enabled_Attack/template.md b/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/Sandwich-Enabled_Attack/template.md index 910e22a0..00717bfd 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/Sandwich-Enabled_Attack/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/Sandwich-Enabled_Attack/template.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Sandwich attacks degrade user trust, as legitimate users bear higher transaction 1. Identify a transaction or function where price changes affect the outcome. 1. Submit a transaction before the target transaction to influence the price. 1. Submit a transaction after the target to capture the profit from the price change. -5. Observe the increased cost or asset price distortion resulting from the sandwiching technique. +1. Observe the increased cost or asset price distortion resulting from the sandwiching technique. **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/template.md b/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/template.md index b42f317e..061991d8 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Protocol_Specifc_Misconfiguration/template.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Protocol misconfigurations can destabilize the network, cause financial losses, 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Analyze the protocol design and configuration for missing checks or weaknesses {{explanation of where + screenshot}} -2. Interact with the protocol using malformed inputs or transactions -3. Test the behavior of consensus and state transitions under stress conditions -4. Exploit identified weaknesses to gain unauthorized control or disrupt operations +1. Interact with the protocol using malformed inputs or transactions +1. Test the behavior of consensus and state transitions under stress conditions +1. Exploit identified weaknesses to gain unauthorized control or disrupt operations **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Function_Level_Denial_of_Service/template.md b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Function_Level_Denial_of_Service/template.md index eca3d890..5a505da9 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Function_Level_Denial_of_Service/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Function_Level_Denial_of_Service/template.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ Function-level DoS vulnerabilities can lead to operational disruptions and affec 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Identify a function that has looping or costly operations -2. Use the following script that calls the function with large datasets or under high load: +1. Use the following script that calls the function with large datasets or under high load: {{script}} -3. Observe that the function fails due to gas limits, or causes significant delays -4. Confirm that other users cannot access the function while the attack is ongoing +1. Observe that the function fails due to gas limits, or causes significant delays +1. Confirm that other users cannot access the function while the attack is ongoing **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Fee_Implementation/template.md b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Fee_Implementation/template.md index d089a1c2..fc447db7 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Fee_Implementation/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Fee_Implementation/template.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ Improper fee configurations can result in financial losses, reduced user satisfa 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Review the contract’s fee logic and parameters 1. Execute multiple transactions with varied amounts and compare fee deductions -3. Observe that fees deviate from expected values, or are inconsistently applied -4. Bypass or change the fee mechanism by adjusting input data -5. Observe that there is abnormal fee behavior compared to the fee policy +1. Observe that fees deviate from expected values, or are inconsistently applied +1. Bypass or change the fee mechanism by adjusting input data +1. Observe that there is abnormal fee behavior compared to the fee policy **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Use_of_Modifier/template.md b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Use_of_Modifier/template.md index ea9dc1f4..5bd26927 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Use_of_Modifier/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Improper_Use_of_Modifier/template.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ Improperly applied modifiers can expose critical functions to unauthorized users 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Review function modifiers applied across sensitive contract functions -2. Access restricted functions with an unauthorized account -3. Bypassing the modifier and observe the following unintended access or manipulation: +1. Access restricted functions with an unauthorized account +1. Bypassing the modifier and observe the following unintended access or manipulation: {{screenshot}} -4. Observe that restricted contract states or balances are affected +1. Observe that restricted contract states or balances are affected **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Irreversible_Function_Call/template.md b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Irreversible_Function_Call/template.md index ef6e50f5..3fb2b643 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Irreversible_Function_Call/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Smart_Contract_Misconfiguration/Irreversible_Function_Call/template.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ Irreversible function calls can lead to permanent loss of funds, reputational da 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Locate irreversible functions within the smart contract code -2. Call these functions under normal user permissions: +1. Call these functions under normal user permissions: {{screenshot}} -3. Observe that the function’s actions cannot be reverted or are final +1. Observe that the function’s actions cannot be reverted or are final **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Misconfigured_Trusted_Setup/template.md b/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Misconfigured_Trusted_Setup/template.md index 872c04ac..d5c2baf4 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Misconfigured_Trusted_Setup/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Misconfigured_Trusted_Setup/template.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ A misconfigured trusted setup undermines the cryptographic integrity of the syst 1. Identify the point of vulnerability: {{e.g.insufficient randomness, or insecure key generation}} 1. Tamper with the setup process or manipulate input parameters -4. Observe that the misconfiguration allows for unauthorized actions, or data exposure +1. Observe that the misconfiguration allows for unauthorized actions, or data exposure **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Mismatching_Bit_Lengths/template.md b/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Mismatching_Bit_Lengths/template.md index 65c30a7f..b4905567 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Mismatching_Bit_Lengths/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Mismatching_Bit_Lengths/template.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Mismatched bit lengths can lead to operational failures, security vulnerabilitie 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Identify a cryptographic operation or protocol process that rely on specific bit lengths 1. Submit data with mismatched bit lengths to test the system's handling of the input -3. Observe if the system processes or errors on invalid inputs +1. Observe if the system processes or errors on invalid inputs **Proof of Concept** diff --git a/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Missing_Range_Check/template.md b/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Missing_Range_Check/template.md index 32349b89..778ceb82 100644 --- a/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Missing_Range_Check/template.md +++ b/submissions/description/Zero_Knowledge_Security_Misconfiguration/Missing_Range_Check/template.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ Missing range checks can result in operational failures, financial losses, and p 1. Navigate to the following URL: {{URL}} 1. Inspect the input validation logic for arithmetic and cryptographic operations -2. Submit values that exceed the expected range -3. Observe that the system processes these inputs without detecting errors +1. Submit values that exceed the expected range +1. Observe that the system processes these inputs without detecting errors **Proof of Concept**