Update all dependencies and pre-commit hooks

- Update all project dependencies to latest versions via uv
- Update ruff pre-commit hook from v0.11.10 to v0.12.5
- Notable updates include anthropic, fastapi, pytest, and ruff

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <[email protected]>

Author: mattgodbolt

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ repos:
       - id: check-toml
       - id: detect-private-key
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.11.10
+    rev: v0.12.5
     hooks:
       - id: ruff-check
         args: [ --fix ]