From ca02465a2e2304d8b2521629e87ff43db00ea917 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Elijah Melton Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2025 18:04:59 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] sync changes: - M "site/categories/algorithm analysis.html" - M site/categories/algorithms.html - M "site/categories/computer science.html" --- site/categories/algorithm analysis.html | 2 +- site/categories/algorithms.html | 2 +- site/categories/computer science.html | 2 +- site/categories/database design.html | 2 +- site/categories/database systems.html | 2 +- site/categories/distributed systems.html | 2 +- site/categories/graph theory.html | 2 +- site/categories/index.html | 3 +- site/categories/mathematics.html | 2 +- .../natural language processing.html | 2 +- site/categories/networking.html | 2 +- site/categories/operating systems.html | 197 ++++++++++++++ site/categories/operations research.html | 2 +- site/categories/research.html | 2 +- site/categories/software engineering.html | 2 +- site/categories/system design.html | 2 +- site/categories/system-design.html | 2 +- site/categories/systems.html | 2 +- site/index.html | 24 +- site/systems-research/exokernel.html | 2 + .../unix-timesharing-system.html | 240 ++++++++++++++++++ site/tags/acyclic graphs.html | 2 +- site/tags/algorithm-analysis.html | 2 +- site/tags/algorithm.html | 2 +- site/tags/algorithms.html | 2 +- site/tags/approximation.html | 2 +- site/tags/asymptotic notation.html | 2 +- site/tags/batch processing.html | 2 +- site/tags/bipartite graphs.html | 2 +- site/tags/bipartite matching.html | 2 +- site/tags/breadth-first search.html | 2 +- site/tags/caching.html | 2 +- site/tags/classification.html | 2 +- site/tags/column-oriented storage.html | 2 +- site/tags/compatibility.html | 2 +- site/tags/complexity analysis.html | 2 +- site/tags/complexity-analysis.html | 2 +- site/tags/connected components.html | 2 +- site/tags/connected graphs.html | 2 +- site/tags/data analysis.html | 2 +- site/tags/data modeling.html | 2 +- site/tags/data replication.html | 2 +- site/tags/data serialization.html | 2 +- site/tags/data structures.html | 2 +- site/tags/data systems.html | 2 +- site/tags/deep learning.html | 2 +- site/tags/depth first search.html | 2 +- site/tags/depth-first search.html | 2 +- site/tags/design.html | 2 +- site/tags/distributed filesystems.html | 2 +- site/tags/document databases.html | 2 +- site/tags/dynamic-programming.html | 2 +- site/tags/efficiency.html | 2 +- site/tags/encoding formats.html | 2 +- site/tags/end-to-end.html | 2 +- site/tags/etl.html | 2 +- site/tags/exokernel.html | 2 +- site/tags/failover.html | 2 +- site/tags/feedforward.html | 2 +- site/tags/ford-fulkerson algorithm.html | 2 +- site/tags/gale-shapley.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph coloring.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph databases.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph fundamentals.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph properties.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph representation.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph theory.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph traversal.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph-theory.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph-traversal.html | 2 +- site/tags/graph.html | 2 +- site/tags/greedy-algorithms.html | 2 +- site/tags/independent set.html | 2 +- site/tags/index.html | 7 +- site/tags/indexing.html | 2 +- site/tags/induction proofs.html | 2 +- site/tags/induction.html | 2 +- site/tags/internet.html | 2 +- site/tags/interval.html | 2 +- site/tags/leader-follower model.html | 2 +- site/tags/linear programs.html | 2 +- site/tags/linear systems.html | 2 +- site/tags/machine learning.html | 2 +- site/tags/maintainability.html | 2 +- site/tags/mapreduce.html | 2 +- site/tags/matching.html | 2 +- site/tags/max flow min cut.html | 2 +- site/tags/message passing.html | 2 +- site/tags/meta.html | 2 +- .../tags/multinomial logistic regression.html | 2 +- site/tags/natural language processing.html | 2 +- site/tags/networking.html | 2 +- site/tags/neural networks.html | 2 +- site/tags/odd cycles.html | 2 +- site/tags/oltp vs olap.html | 2 +- site/tags/operating systems.html | 5 +- site/tags/optimization.html | 2 +- site/tags/paper.html | 2 +- site/tags/partitioning.html | 2 +- site/tags/performance.html | 2 +- site/tags/pigeonhole principle.html | 2 +- site/tags/problem-solving.html | 2 +- site/tags/proof techniques.html | 2 +- site/tags/query languages.html | 2 +- site/tags/relational databases.html | 2 +- site/tags/reliability.html | 2 +- site/tags/replication logs.html | 2 +- site/tags/research.html | 2 +- site/tags/resource management.html | 2 +- site/tags/review.html | 2 +- site/tags/scalability.html | 2 +- site/tags/scaling.html | 2 +- site/tags/scheduling.html | 2 +- site/tags/schema evolution.html | 2 +- site/tags/set cover.html | 2 +- site/tags/shortest-paths.html | 2 +- site/tags/spanning trees.html | 2 +- site/tags/stable matching.html | 2 +- site/tags/synchronous vs asynchronous.html | 2 +- site/tags/system design.html | 2 +- site/tags/systems.html | 5 +- site/tags/template.html | 2 +- site/tags/time complexity.html | 2 +- site/tags/trees.html | 2 +- site/tags/unix.html | 197 ++++++++++++++ site/tags/vertex cover.html | 2 +- systems-research/exokernel.md | 6 +- systems-research/unix-timesharing-system.md | 54 ++++ 128 files changed, 838 insertions(+), 136 deletions(-) create mode 100644 site/categories/operating systems.html create mode 100644 site/systems-research/unix-timesharing-system.html create mode 100644 site/tags/unix.html create mode 100644 systems-research/unix-timesharing-system.md diff --git a/site/categories/algorithm analysis.html b/site/categories/algorithm analysis.html index 2a9161e..b46cde8 100644 --- a/site/categories/algorithm analysis.html +++ b/site/categories/algorithm analysis.html @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@

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    What is the Problem?

    Summary

    The paper covers the exokernel architecture, which aims to minimize the "mechanism" role as much as possible, opting to leave implementations to the client, e.g. to the user's choice of library operating system. The key design choice here is to separate resource protection from management, e.g. to provide secure bindings to access a device, without necessarily understanding the use case.

    The authors were able to realize significant (orders of magnitude) speedups on most primitive tasks compared to a more mature OS (Ultraix) by focusing almost solely on efficiently multiplexing hardware, and by minimizing the number of required system calls during regular operation.

    +

    Download Code

    +

    Download code into exokernel from lib os (similar to eBPF today)

    Key Insights

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    diff --git a/systems-research/exokernel.md b/systems-research/exokernel.md index 6d0f500..40ba277 100644 --- a/systems-research/exokernel.md +++ b/systems-research/exokernel.md @@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ The paper covers the exokernel architecture, which aims to minimize the "mechani The authors were able to realize significant (orders of magnitude) speedups on most primitive tasks compared to a more mature OS (Ultraix) by focusing almost solely on efficiently multiplexing hardware, and by minimizing the number of required system calls during regular operation. +#### Download Code + +Download code into exokernel from lib os (similar to eBPF today) + ### Key Insights - General-purpose abstractions in monolithic kernels can lead to performance overhead @@ -48,4 +52,4 @@ The authors were able to realize significant (orders of magnitude) speedups on m - Why didn't this work out? I was fully bought in by the end of the paper, but they were clearly never adopted. - Can this approach be applied to modern, and particularly datacenter, workloads? -- How can malicious/destructive library OSes be prevented? \ No newline at end of file +- How can malicious/destructive library OSes be prevented? diff --git a/systems-research/unix-timesharing-system.md b/systems-research/unix-timesharing-system.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d20b6e --- /dev/null +++ b/systems-research/unix-timesharing-system.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +--- +title: The Unix Timesharing System +category: Operating Systems +tags: unix, systems, operating systems +description: Paper review/notes from lecture of Unix Timesharing System +--- + +# [source](https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~brewer/cs262/unix.pdf) + +###### The Unix Timesharing System + +--- + +### What is the Problem? + +A very unspecific problem. Essentially they were burnt by Multics and wanted to create a simpler and more general system. + +### Summary + +Key design goal is simplicity. Everything is hierarchical. Everything is a file. + +#### File System Implementation + +- Tree strucutre +- FS mounted on a file +- Sys table of i-numbers (i-list) +- i-node contains metadata for each file +- path names don't distinguish between files and directories +- mount table for mounted file systems +- buffering is built into kernel and transparent to user + - write-behind (flushes to disk when buffer is full) + +#### Storage Devices + +- block devices + - data is stored in fixed-size blocks + - "free list" of blocks for allocation, Linked list of blocks + - hard disks, usb drive, ssd, tape drives + - early versions of ethernet +- character devices + +#### Execution + +- **Image** is an execution env (parallel container) +- **Process** is an instance/execution of an image + - Program text write-protected and shared between all instances of that process + - Separate virtual address space for each process +- Kernel + - Mediator for accessing services/hardware/shared resources +### Key Insights + +- +- +