diff --git a/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsRet.scala b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsRet.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..94162545ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsRet.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package esmeta.analyzer.bta
+
+import esmeta.util.Appender.*
+
+/** abstract return values */
+trait AbsRetDecl { self: BindingTimeAnalyzer =>
+  case class AbsRet(value: AbsValue) extends AbsRetLike {
+
+    /** has imprecise elements */
+    def hasImprec: Boolean = ???
+  }
+  object AbsRet extends DomainLike[AbsRet] {
+
+    /** top element */
+    def Top: AbsRet = ???
+
+    /** bottom element */
+    def Bot: AbsRet = ???
+
+    /** appender */
+    given rule: Rule[AbsRet] = ???
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsState.scala b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsState.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05a0de4932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsState.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package esmeta.analyzer.bta
+
+import esmeta.ir.*
+import esmeta.util.Appender.*
+
+/** abstract states */
+trait AbsStateDecl { self: BindingTimeAnalyzer =>
+  case class AbsState(
+    map: Map[Local, BindingTime],
+  ) extends AbsStateLike {
+
+    /** has imprecise elements */
+    def hasImprec: Boolean = ???
+  }
+  object AbsState extends DomainLike[AbsState] {
+
+    /** top element */
+    def Top: AbsState = ???
+
+    /** bottom element */
+    def Bot: AbsState = ???
+
+    /** appender */
+    given rule: Rule[AbsState] = ???
+  }
+
+  enum BindingTime { case Static, Dynamic }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsTransfer.scala b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsTransfer.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a0524c5bef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsTransfer.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package esmeta.analyzer.bta
+
+import esmeta.cfg.{util => _, *}
+import esmeta.ir.{Func => _, util => _, *}
+import esmeta.state.*
+import esmeta.ty.*
+import esmeta.util.*
+import esmeta.util.BaseUtils.*
+import scala.annotation.tailrec
+import esmeta.es.builtin.JOB_QUEUE
+
+trait AbsTransferDecl { analyzer: BindingTimeAnalyzer =>
+
+  /** abstract transfer function */
+  class AbsTransfer extends AbsTransferLike {
+
+    /** loading monads */
+    import monad.*
+
+    /** transfer function for node points */
+    def apply(np: NodePoint[_]): Unit = ???
+
+    /** transfer function for return points */
+    def apply(rp: ReturnPoint): Unit = ???
+
+    /** transfer function for normal instructions */
+    def transfer(
+      inst: NormalInst,
+    )(using np: NodePoint[_]): Updater = ???
+
+    /** transfer function for expressions */
+    def transfer(
+      expr: Expr,
+    )(using np: NodePoint[Node]): Result[AbsValue] = ???
+
+    /** transfer function for unary operators */
+    def transfer(
+      st: AbsState,
+      unary: EUnary,
+      operand: AbsValue,
+    )(using np: NodePoint[Node]): AbsValue = ???
+
+    /** transfer function for binary operators */
+    def transfer(
+      st: AbsState,
+      binary: EBinary,
+      left: AbsValue,
+      right: AbsValue,
+    )(using np: NodePoint[Node]): AbsValue = ???
+
+    /** transfer for variadic operators */
+    def transfer(
+      st: AbsState,
+      vop: VOp,
+      vs: List[AbsValue],
+    )(using np: NodePoint[Node]): AbsValue = ???
+
+    /** transfer for mathematical operators */
+    def transfer(
+      st: AbsState,
+      mop: MOp,
+      vs: List[AbsValue],
+    )(using np: NodePoint[Node]): AbsValue = ???
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsValue.scala b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsValue.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da45e99cd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/AbsValue.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package esmeta.analyzer.bta
+
+import esmeta.util.Appender.*
+
+/** abstract values */
+trait AbsValueDecl { self: BindingTimeAnalyzer =>
+  case class AbsValue() extends AbsValueLike {
+
+    /** has imprecise elements */
+    def hasImprec: Boolean = ???
+
+    /** get string of abstract value with an abstract state */
+    def getString(state: AbsState): String = ???
+  }
+  object AbsValue extends DomainLike[AbsValue] {
+
+    /** top element */
+    def Top: AbsValue = ???
+
+    /** bottom element */
+    def Bot: AbsValue = ???
+
+    /** appender */
+    given rule: Rule[AbsValue] = ???
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/BindingTimeAnalyzer.scala b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/BindingTimeAnalyzer.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9db8c2d267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/BindingTimeAnalyzer.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package esmeta.analyzer.bta
+
+import esmeta.{ANALYZE_LOG_DIR, LINE_SEP}
+import esmeta.analyzer.*
+import esmeta.cfg.*
+import esmeta.es.*
+import esmeta.ir.{Func => _, *, given}
+import esmeta.util.*
+import esmeta.util.Appender.*
+import esmeta.util.BaseUtils.*
+import esmeta.util.SystemUtils.*
+
+/** specification type analyzer for ECMA-262 */
+class BindingTimeAnalyzer(
+  val cfg: CFG,
+) extends Analyzer
+  with AbsValueDecl
+  with AbsStateDecl
+  with AbsRetDecl
+  with ViewDecl {
+
+  /** worklist of control points */
+  val worklist: Worklist[ControlPoint] = ???
+
+  /** abstract transfer function */
+  type AbsTransfer <: AbsTransferLike
+  val transfer: AbsTransfer = ???
+
+  /** check reachability of node points */
+  def reachable(np: NodePoint[Node]): Boolean = ???
+
+  /** check reachability of return points */
+  def reachable(rp: ReturnPoint): Boolean = ???
+
+  /** get string for result of control points */
+  def getString(
+    cp: ControlPoint,
+    color: Option[String] = None,
+    detail: Boolean = false,
+  ): String = ???
+
+  val log: Boolean = ???
+
+  /** logging the current analysis result */
+  def logging: Unit = ???
+}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/View.scala b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/View.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b553f035a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/esmeta/analyzer/bta/View.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package esmeta.analyzer.bta
+
+import esmeta.ty.*
+import esmeta.ty.util.{Stringifier => TyStringifier}
+import esmeta.util.Appender.*
+
+/** view abstraction */
+trait ViewDecl { self: BindingTimeAnalyzer =>
+
+  /** view abstraction for analysis sensitivities */
+  case class View() extends ViewLike {
+
+    /** empty check */
+    def isEmpty: Boolean = ???
+  }
+
+  /** appender */
+  def viewRule(detail: Boolean): Rule[View] = (app, view) => ???
+
+  /** empty view */
+  val emptyView: View = View()
+
+  /** get entry views of loops */
+  def getEntryView(view: View): View = view
+}