compile.md

Toolchain to see every step of a compilation process

#!/bin/bash

# Object and the binary in 2 commands with -v options to see the steps
# g++ -c main.cpp -o main.o -v
# g++ main.o -o main -v

# Preprocess output
g++ -E main.cpp -o main.ii

# Compile -> Assembly output
g++ -S main.ii  -o main.s
# g++ main.ii -S  -masm=intel -o main.s

# Assenmle -> object file
g++ -c main.s -o main.o
as main.s -o main.o
# nasm -f macho64 main.s -o main.o
# as assembler gnu et nasm un autre

# Link
g++ main.o -o main
# a simple ld on this could work as they are no library to link against but for a more complicated case it is difficult to call ld directly with the right arguments
# ld main.o -o main
# -lc --entry main
# -dynamic-linker /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -m elf_x86_64
# -pie

# On mac it is special
ld -o main  main.o -lSystem
ld -dynamic -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.13.0 -o main main.o -lSystem
ld -o main main.o -lSystem -lstdc++

# Full from -v option
# ld -dynamic -arch x86_64 -macosx_version_min 10.13.0 -weak_reference_mismatches non-weak -o main -L/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0/8.1.0 -L/usr/local/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0/8.1.0/../../.. main.o -lstdc++ -no_compact_unwind -lSystem -lgcc_ext.10.5 -lgcc -lSystem

# To have the ii s and o files and the binary
g++ -save-temps main.cpp

https://www.toptal.com/c-plus-plus/c-plus-plus-understanding-compilation

Predefined compiler macros:

https://sourceforge.net/p/predef/wiki/OperatingSystems/

Compile without libc

https://blogs.oracle.com/linux/hello-from-a-libc-free-world-part-1-v2 https://blogs.oracle.com/linux/hello-from-a-libc-free-world-part-2-v2