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Release Process | Apache Spark
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<h2>Preparing Spark releases</h2>
<h3>Background</h3>
<p>The release manager role in Spark means you are responsible for a few different things:</p>
<ol>
<li>Preparing your setup</li>
<li>Preparing for release candidates:
<ol>
<li>cutting a release branch</li>
<li>informing the community of timing</li>
<li>working with component leads to clean up JIRA</li>
<li>making code changes in that branch with necessary version updates</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Running the voting process for a release:
<ol>
<li>creating release candidates using automated tooling</li>
<li>calling votes and triaging issues</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Finalizing and posting a release:
<ol>
<li>updating the Spark website</li>
<li>writing release notes</li>
<li>announcing the release</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h2>Preparing your setup</h2>
<p>If you are a new Release Manager, you can read up on the process from the followings:</p>
<ul>
<li>release signing https://www.apache.org/dev/release-signing.html</li>
<li>gpg for signing https://www.apache.org/dev/openpgp.html</li>
<li>svn https://www.apache.org/dev/version-control.html#https-svn</li>
</ul>
<h3>Preparing gpg key</h3>
<p>You can skip this section if you have already uploaded your key.</p>
<h4>Generate key</h4>
<p>Here’s an example of gpg 2.0.12. If you use gpg version 1 series, please refer to <a href="https://www.apache.org/dev/openpgp.html#generate-key">generate-key</a> for details.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ gpg --full-gen-key
gpg (GnuPG) 2.0.12; Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Please select what kind of key you want:
(1) RSA and RSA (default)
(2) DSA and Elgamal
(3) DSA (sign only)
(4) RSA (sign only)
Your selection? 1
RSA keys may be between 1024 and 4096 bits long.
What keysize do you want? (2048) 4096
Requested keysize is 4096 bits
Please specify how long the key should be valid.
0 = key does not expire
<n> = key expires in n days
<n>w = key expires in n weeks
<n>m = key expires in n months
<n>y = key expires in n years
Key is valid for? (0)
Key does not expire at all
Is this correct? (y/N) y
GnuPG needs to construct a user ID to identify your key.
Real name: Robert Burrell Donkin
Email address: [email protected]
Comment: CODE SIGNING KEY
You selected this USER-ID:
"Robert Burrell Donkin (CODE SIGNING KEY) <[email protected]>"
Change (N)ame, (C)omment, (E)mail or (O)kay/(Q)uit? O
We need to generate a lot of random bytes. It is a good idea to perform
some other action (type on the keyboard, move the mouse, utilize the
disks) during the prime generation; this gives the random number
generator a better chance to gain enough entropy.
We need to generate a lot of random bytes. It is a good idea to perform
some other action (type on the keyboard, move the mouse, utilize the
disks) during the prime generation; this gives the random number
generator a better chance to gain enough entropy.
gpg: key 04B3B5C426A27D33 marked as ultimately trusted
gpg: revocation certificate stored as '/home/ubuntu/.gnupg/openpgp-revocs.d/08071B1E23C8A7E2CA1E891A04B3B5C426A27D33.rev'
public and secret key created and signed.
pub rsa4096 2021-08-19 [SC]
08071B1E23C8A7E2CA1E891A04B3B5C426A27D33
uid Jack (test) <[email protected]>
sub rsa4096 2021-08-19 [E]
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Note that the last 8 digits (26A27D33) of the public key is the <a href="https://infra.apache.org/release-signing.html#key-id">key ID</a>.</p>
<h4>Upload key</h4>
<p>After generating the public key, we should upload it to <a href="https://infra.apache.org/release-signing.html#keyserver">public key server</a>:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ gpg --keyserver keys.openpgp.org --send-key 26A27D33
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Please refer to <a href="https://infra.apache.org/release-signing.html#keyserver-upload">keyserver-upload</a> for details.</p>
<h4>Update KEYS file with your code signing key</h4>
<p>To get the code signing key (a.k.a ASCII-armored public key), run the command:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ gpg --export --armor 26A27D33
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>And then append the generated key to the KEYS file by:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Move dev/ to release/ when the voting is completed. See Finalize the Release below
svn co --depth=files "https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/spark" svn-spark
# edit svn-spark/KEYS file
svn ci --username $ASF_USERNAME --password "$ASF_PASSWORD" -m"Update KEYS"
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>If you want to do the release on another machine, you can transfer your secret key to that machine
via the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">gpg --export-secret-keys</code> and <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">gpg --import</code> commands.</p>
<h3>Installing Docker</h3>
<p>The scripts to create release candidates are run through docker. You need to install docker before running
these scripts. Please make sure that you can run docker as non-root users. See
<a href="https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/linux-postinstall/">https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/linux-postinstall</a>
for more details.</p>
<h2>Preparing Spark for release</h2>
<p>The main step towards preparing a release is to create a release branch. This is done via
standard Git branching mechanism and should be announced to the community once the branch is
created.</p>
<h3>Cutting a release candidate</h3>
<p>If this is not the first RC, then make sure that the JIRA issues that have been solved since the
last RC are marked as <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Resolved</code> and has a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Target Versions</code> set to this release version.</p>
<p>To track any issue with pending PR targeting this release, create a filter in JIRA with a query like this
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">project = SPARK AND "Target Version/s" = "12340470" AND status in (Open, Reopened, "In Progress")</code></p>
<p>For target version string value to use, find the numeric value corresponds to the release by looking into
an existing issue with that target version and click on the version (eg. find an issue targeting 2.2.1
and click on the version link of its Target Versions field)</p>
<p>Verify from <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">git log</code> whether they are actually making it in the new RC or not. Check for JIRA issues
with <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">release-notes</code> label, and make sure they are documented in relevant migration guide for breaking
changes or in the release news on the website later.</p>
<p>To cut a release candidate, there are 4 steps:</p>
<ol>
<li>Create a git tag for the release candidate.</li>
<li>Package the release binaries & sources, and upload them to the Apache staging SVN repo.</li>
<li>Create the release docs, and upload them to the Apache staging SVN repo.</li>
<li>Publish a snapshot to the Apache staging Maven repo.</li>
</ol>
<p>The process of cutting a release candidate has been automated via the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">dev/create-release/do-release-docker.sh</code> script.
Run this script, type information it requires, and wait until it finishes. You can also do a single step via the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">-s</code> option.
Please run <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">do-release-docker.sh -h</code> and see more details.</p>
<h3>Call a vote on the release candidate</h3>
<p>The release voting takes place on the Apache Spark developers list (the PMC is voting).
Look at past voting threads to see how this proceeds. The email should follow
<a href="https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/spark-dev/201407.mbox/%3cCABPQxss7Cf+YaUuxCk0jnusH4207hCP4dkWn3BWFSvdnD86HHQ@mail.gmail.com%3e">this format</a>.</p>
<ul>
<li>Make a shortened link to the full list of JIRAs using <a href="https://s.apache.org/">https://s.apache.org/</a></li>
<li>If possible, attach a draft of the release notes with the email</li>
<li>Make sure the voting closing time is in UTC format. Use this script to generate it</li>
<li>Make sure the email is in text format and the links are correct</li>
</ul>
<p>Once the vote is done, you should also send out a summary email with the totals, with a subject
that looks something like <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">[VOTE][RESULT] ...</code>.</p>
<h3>Finalize the release</h3>
<p><strong>Be Careful!</strong></p>
<p><strong>THIS STEP IS IRREVERSIBLE so make sure you selected the correct staging repository. Once you
move the artifacts into the release folder, they cannot be removed.</strong></p>
<p>After the vote passes, to upload the binaries to Apache mirrors, you move the binaries from dev directory (this should be where they are voted) to release directory. This “moving” is the only way you can add stuff to the actual release directory. (Note: only PMC can move to release directory)</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Move the sub-directory in "dev" to the
# corresponding directory in "release"
$ export SVN_EDITOR=vim
$ svn mv https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/spark/v1.1.1-rc2-bin https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/spark/spark-1.1.1
# If you've added your signing key to the KEYS file, also update the release copy.
svn co --depth=files "https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/spark" svn-spark
curl "https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/spark/KEYS" > svn-spark/KEYS
(cd svn-spark && svn ci --username $ASF_USERNAME --password "$ASF_PASSWORD" -m"Update KEYS")
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Verify that the resources are present in <a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/spark/">https://www.apache.org/dist/spark/</a>.
It may take a while for them to be visible. This will be mirrored throughout the Apache network.
Check the release checker result of the release at <a href="https://checker.apache.org/projs/spark.html">https://checker.apache.org/projs/spark.html</a>.</p>
<p>For Maven Central Repository, you can Release from the <a href="https://repository.apache.org/">Apache Nexus Repository Manager</a>. This is already populated by the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">release-build.sh publish-release</code> step. Log in, open Staging Repositories, find the one voted on (eg. orgapachespark-1257 for https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/orgapachespark-1257/), select and click Release and confirm. If successful, it should show up under https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/releases/org/apache/spark/spark-core_2.11/2.2.1/
and the same under https://repository.apache.org/content/groups/maven-staging-group/org/apache/spark/spark-core_2.11/2.2.1/ (look for the correct release version). After some time this will be sync’d to <a href="https://search.maven.org/">Maven Central</a> automatically.</p>
<h4>Upload to PyPI</h4>
<p>You’ll need the credentials for the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">spark-upload</code> account, which can be found in
<a href="https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/2789e448cd8a95361a3164b48f3f8b73a6d9d82aeb228bae2bc4dc7f@%3Cprivate.spark.apache.org%3E">this message</a>
(only visible to PMC members).</p>
<p>The artifacts can be uploaded using <a href="https://pypi.org/project/twine/">twine</a>. Just run:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>twine upload --repository-url https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/ pyspark-{version}.tar.gz pyspark-{version}.tar.gz.asc
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Adjusting the command for the files that match the new release. If for some reason the twine upload
is incorrect (e.g. http failure or other issue), you can rename the artifact to
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">pyspark-version.post0.tar.gz</code>, delete the old artifact from PyPI and re-upload.</p>
<h4>Publish to CRAN</h4>
<p>Publishing to CRAN is done using <a href="https://cran.r-project.org/submit.html">this form</a>.
Since it requires further manual steps, please also contact the <a href="mailto:[email protected]">PMC</a>.</p>
<h4> Remove RC artifacts from repositories</h4>
<p>After the vote passes and you moved the approved RC to the release repository, you should delete
the RC directories from the staging repository. For example:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>svn rm https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/spark/v2.3.1-rc1-bin/ \
https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/dev/spark/v2.3.1-rc1-docs/ \
-m"Removing RC artifacts."
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Make sure to also remove the unpublished staging repositories from the
<a href="https://repository.apache.org/">Apache Nexus Repository Manager</a>.</p>
<h4>Remove old releases from Mirror Network</h4>
<p>Spark always keeps the latest maintenance released of each branch in the mirror network.
To delete older versions simply use svn rm:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ svn rm https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/spark/spark-1.1.0
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>You will also need to update <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">js/download.js</code> to indicate the release is not mirrored
anymore, so that the correct links are generated on the site.</p>
<h4>Update the Spark Apache<span class="tm">™</span> repository</h4>
<p>Check out the tagged commit for the release candidate that passed and apply the correct version tag.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ git tag v1.1.1 v1.1.1-rc2 # the RC that passed
$ git push apache v1.1.1
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4>Update the configuration of Algolia Crawler</h4>
<p>The search box on the <a href="https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/">Spark documentation website</a> leverages the <a href="https://www.algolia.com/products/search-and-discovery/crawler/">Algolia Crawler</a>. Before a release, please update the crawler configuration for Apache Spark with the new version on the <a href="https://crawler.algolia.com/">Algolia Crawler Admin Console</a>. If you don’t have access to the configuration, contact <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Gengliang Wang</a> or <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Xiao Li</a> for help.</p>
<h4>Update the Spark website</h4>
<p>The website repository is located at
<a href="https://github.com/apache/spark-website">https://github.com/apache/spark-website</a>.</p>
<p>It’s recommended to not remove the generated docs of the latest RC, so that we can copy it to
spark-website directly, otherwise you need to re-build the docs.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Build the latest docs
$ git checkout v1.1.1
$ cd docs
$ PRODUCTION=1 bundle exec jekyll build
# Copy the new documentation to Apache
$ git clone https://github.com/apache/spark-website
...
$ cp -R _site spark-website/site/docs/1.1.1
# Update the "latest" link
$ cd spark/site/docs
$ rm latest
$ ln -s 1.1.1 latest
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Next, update the rest of the Spark website. See how the previous releases are documented
(all the HTML file changes are generated by <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">jekyll</code>). In particular:</p>
<ul>
<li>update <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">_layouts/global.html</code> if the new release is the latest one</li>
<li>update <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">documentation.md</code> to add link to the docs for the new release</li>
<li>add the new release to <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">js/downloads.js</code></li>
<li>check <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">security.md</code> for anything to update</li>
</ul>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ git add 1.1.1
$ git commit -m "Add docs for Spark 1.1.1"
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Then, create the release notes. Go to the
<a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/projects/SPARK?selectedItem=com.atlassian.jira.jira-projects-plugin:release-page">release page in JIRA</a>,
pick the release version from the list, then click on “Release Notes”. Copy this URL and then make a short URL on
<a href="https://s.apache.org/">s.apache.org</a>, sign in to your Apache account, and pick the ID as something like
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">spark-2.1.2</code>. Create a new release post under <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">releases/_posts</code> to include this short URL. The date of the post should
be the date you create it.</p>
<p>Then run <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">bundle exec jekyll build</code> to update the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">site</code> directory.</p>
<p>After merging the change into the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">asf-site</code> branch, you may need to create a follow-up empty
commit to force synchronization between ASF’s git and the web site, and also the GitHub mirror.
For some reason synchronization seems to not be reliable for this repository.</p>
<p>On a related note, make sure the version is marked as released on JIRA. Go find the release page as above, eg.,
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">https://issues.apache.org/jira/projects/SPARK/versions/12340295</code>, and click the “Release” button on the right and enter the release date.</p>
<p>(Generally, this is only for major and minor, but not patch releases) The contributors list can be automatically generated through
<a href="https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/branch-1.1/dev/create-release/generate-contributors.py">this script</a>.
It accepts the tag that corresponds to the current release and another tag that
corresponds to the previous (not including maintenance release). For instance, if you are
releasing Spark 1.2.0, set the current tag to v1.2.0-rc2 and the previous tag to v1.1.0.
Once you have generated the initial contributors list, it is highly likely that there will be
warnings about author names not being properly translated. To fix this, run
<a href="https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/branch-1.1/dev/create-release/translate-contributors.py">this other script</a>,
which fetches potential replacements from GitHub and JIRA. For instance:</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>$ cd release-spark/dev/create-release
# Set RELEASE_TAG and PREVIOUS_RELEASE_TAG
$ export RELEASE_TAG=v1.1.1
$ export PREVIOUS_RELEASE_TAG=v1.1.0
# Generate initial contributors list, likely with warnings
$ ./generate-contributors.py
# set JIRA_USERNAME, JIRA_PASSWORD, and GITHUB_API_TOKEN
$ export JIRA_USERNAME=blabla
$ export JIRA_PASSWORD=blabla
$ export GITHUB_API_TOKEN=blabla
# Translate names generated in the previous step, reading from known_translations if necessary
$ ./translate-contributors.py
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>Additionally, if you wish to give more specific credit for developers of larger patches, you may
use the the following commands to identify large patches. Extra care must be taken to make sure
commits from previous releases are not counted since git cannot easily associate commits that
were back ported into different branches.</p>
<div class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code># Determine PR numbers closed only in the new release
$ git log v1.1.1 | grep "Closes #" | cut -d " " -f 5,6 | grep Closes | sort > closed_1.1.1
$ git log v1.1.0 | grep "Closes #" | cut -d " " -f 5,6 | grep Closes | sort > closed_1.1.0
$ diff --new-line-format="" --unchanged-line-format="" closed_1.1.1 closed_1.1.0 > diff.txt
# Grep expression with all new patches
$ EXPR=$(cat diff.txt | awk '{ print "\\("$1" "$2" \\)"; }' | tr "\n" "|" | sed -e "s/|/\\\|/g" | sed "s/\\\|$//")
# Contributor list
$ git shortlog v1.1.1 --grep "$EXPR" > contrib.txt
# Large patch list (300+ lines)
$ git log v1.1.1 --grep "$expr" --shortstat --oneline | grep -B 1 -e "[3-9][0-9][0-9] insert" -e "[1-9][1-9][1-9][1-9] insert" | grep SPARK > large-patches.txt
</code></pre></div></div>
<h4>Create and upload Spark Docker Images</h4>
<p>Please contact <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Holden Karau</a>, <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Gengliang Wang</a> or <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Dongjoon Hyun</a> to do this step because of the <a href="https://infra.apache.org/docker-hub-policy.html">ASF has a limited number of Docker Hub seats</a>.</p>
<p>The Spark docker images are created using the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">./bin/docker-image-tool.sh</code> that is included in the release artifacts.</p>
<p>You should install <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">docker buildx</code> so that you can cross-compile for multiple archs as ARM is becoming increasing popular. If you have access to both an ARM and an x86 machine you should set up a <a href="https://scalingpythonml.com/2020/12/11/some-sharp-corners-with-docker-buildx.html">remote builder as described here</a>, but if you only have one <a href="https://docs.docker.com/buildx/working-with-buildx/">docker buildx with QEMU works fine as we don’t use cgo</a>.</p>
<p>Once you have your cross-platform docker build environment setup, extract the build artifact (e.g. <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">tar -xvf spark-3.3.0-bin-hadoop3.tgz</code>), go into the directory (e.g. <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">cd spark-3.3.0-bin-hadoop3</code>) and build the containers and publish them to the Spark dockerhub (e.g. <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">./bin/docker-image-tool.sh -r docker.io/apache -p ./kubernetes/dockerfiles/spark/bindings/python/Dockerfile -t v3.3.0 -X -b java_image_tag=11-jre-slim build</code>)</p>
<h4>Create an announcement</h4>
<p>Once everything is working (website docs, website changes) create an announcement on the website
and then send an e-mail to the mailing list. To create an announcement, create a post under
<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">news/_posts</code> and then run <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">bundle exec jekyll build</code>.</p>
<p>Enjoy an adult beverage of your choice, and congratulations on making a Spark release.</p>
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