base.md

基本环境搭建

安装 Docker、Nginx 和 Certbot

基于 Debian 11 / Debian 12 与 deb 包。

强烈建议您不要使用 root 账号运行指令，而是创建一个拥有 sudo 权限的低权限账户

更新包

sudo apt update

安装 Docker

官方文档

1. 安装官方仓库 GPG key

   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install ca-certificates curl
   sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
   sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
   sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

2. 添加仓库

   echo \
     "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
     $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
     sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
   sudo apt-get update

3. 安装 Docker、Docker Compose

   sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

安装 Nginx

官方文档

1. 安装官方仓库 GPG key

   curl https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | gpg --dearmor \
       | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null

2. 添加仓库

   echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nginx-archive-keyring.gpg] \
   http://nginx.org/packages/debian `lsb_release -cs` nginx" \
       | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
   
   # 设置官方源优先级    
   echo -e "Package: *\nPin: origin nginx.org\nPin: release o=nginx\nPin-Priority: 900\n" \
       | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/99nginx
       
   sudo apt update

3. 安装 Nginx

   sudo apt install nginx

Certbot

官方文档

1. 安装 snap

   https://snapcraft.io/docs/installing-snap-on-debian

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt install snapd

2. 使用 snap 安装 certbot

   sudo snap install --classic certbot
   sudo ln -s /snap/bin/certbot /usr/bin/certbot

3. 签发证书方式

   certbot --nginx