docs: v2 and multiport updates for v1.18

[boruszak]

Description

This PR contains docs updates improvements to Consul's v2 architecture and support for multi-port services. It makes the following changes:

• Moves consul resource command to the CLI section
• Creates new "v2 architecture" section with its own landing page
• Separates catalog and resource group pages
• Removes "Beta" callouts
• Moves "v1 catalog" page
• Changes references to consul v1.17 and consul-k8s v1.3 to v1.18 and 1.4
• Redirects created to support changes

Links

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PR Checklist

• updated test coverage
• external facing docs updated
• appropriate backport labels added
• not a security concern

[david-yu]

@boruszak Could you incorporate changes from #20696 as well? I believe it's easier to think about the changes as v2 catalog instead of multi-port services. As v2 covers both the multi-port workload use case as well as the multiple services directing traffic to a single workload use case.

[david-yu]

Another catch in the docs for Configure Multi-port

consul/website/content/docs/k8s/multiport/configure.mdx

Line 86 in 930a20b

Consul's v2 catalog supports two methods for defining multi-port services in Kubernetes:

Could we say the following instead?

Consul's v2 catalog supports two new methods for registering services on the mesh in Kubernetes:

Method 1: Register a Kubernetes service that select workloads which expose multiple ports
Method 2: Register multiple Kubernetes Services that direct traffic to an explicit port on the same workload.