Periodic Test -2.md

[Periodic Test -2] Solutions

[A]

(1) clrscr()

(2) Pointers

(3) & (Ampersand)

(4) Macro Expansion 

(5) Address

[B]

(1) False

(2) True

(3) True

(4) True

(5) False

[C]

(1)

  The stack can be easily allocated as well as freed again, so it is a natural choice.
  All the variable addresses are relative to the stack pointer that's incremented at each call or return.
  Fast easy way to allocate and cleanup memory used by these variables.

(2)

  When we want to make changes to original value's we use "call by reference" ,
  other way if we want to work on some temporary copy of original values we use "call by value".

(3)

  Sizeof a pointer is independent of type of the variables because the type of
  every pointer variable is implicitly unsigned integer.

(4)

  Hole concept is found in the structures in c language where the compiler leaves certain holes 
  in the memory alignment when it allocates memory on the page boundaries.
  Thats the reason u get the sizeof structure some times greater than
  the sum of all the fields in the structure . 
     Also called structure padding ,structure paddding can be avoided by using a preprocessor
     directive #pragma 1 the compiler will alocate memory in multiples of one.

(5)

   Stopping condition can be any conditional statement (most cases), 
   or it can be exception depending upon the implementation.
   Any recursive function without stoppage condition goes to infinite loop and blow up the stack.

[D]

(1)

#include<stdio.h>
int fun(int,int,int,int);
int main()
{
printf("Enter four integers\n");
int a,b,c,d;
scanf("%d %d %d %d",&a,&b,&c,&d);
fun(a,b,c,d);
return 0;
}
int fun(int a,int b,int c,int d)
{
printf("Sum is %d.\n",a+b+c+d);
printf("Product is %d.\n",a*b*c*d);
printf("Average is %f.\n",(float)(a+b+c+d)/4.0);
return 0;
}

(2)

int func(int);
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{   int number;
printf("Enter Number\n");
scanf("%d",&number);
func(number);
return 0;
}
int func(int num)
{
int counter_var;
for(counter_var=2;counter_var<=num;counter_var++)
{
    if(num%counter_var==0)
    {
        printf("%d\n",counter_var);
        func(num/counter_var);
        break;
    }
}
return 0;
}

(3)

 #define PI 3.14159265
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{   float radius;
printf("Enter radius\n");
scanf("%f",&radius);
printf("The area of circle is %f.\n",PI*radius*radius);
printf("The circumference of circle is %f.\n",2*PI*radius);
printf("Volume of sphere is %f.\n",4.0/3.0*PI*radius*radius*radius);
printf("Enter height of cone\n");
float height;
scanf("%f",&height);
printf("Volume of cone is %f.\n",PI*radius*radius*(height/3.0));
return 0;
}

(4)

 #include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int integerType;
float floatType;
double doubleType;
char charType;
// Sizeof operator is used to evaluate the size of a variable
printf("Size of int: %ld bytes\n",sizeof(integerType));
printf("Size of float: %ld bytes\n",sizeof(floatType));
printf("Size of double: %ld bytes\n",sizeof(doubleType));
printf("Size of char: %ld byte\n",sizeof(charType));
return 0;
}