diff --git a/src/app/(after-login)/epigrams/_components/detail/DetailHeader.tsx b/src/app/(after-login)/epigrams/_components/detail/DetailHeader.tsx
index b1d71be..5756d64 100644
--- a/src/app/(after-login)/epigrams/_components/detail/DetailHeader.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(after-login)/epigrams/_components/detail/DetailHeader.tsx
@@ -23,7 +23,14 @@ export function DetailHeader({ tags, isOwner, onEdit, onRemove }: DetailHeaderPr
         <div className='ml-auto flex-none'>
           <MoreMenu>
             <MoreMenuItem onClick={onEdit}>수정하기</MoreMenuItem>
-            <MoreMenuItem onClick={onRemove}>삭제하기</MoreMenuItem>
+            <MoreMenuItem
+              onClick={(e) => {
+                e.stopPropagation();
+                onRemove();
+              }}
+            >
+              삭제하기
+            </MoreMenuItem>
           </MoreMenu>
         </div>
       )}
diff --git a/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/MyProfile.tsx b/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/MyProfile.tsx
index 04400eb..acec9e3 100644
--- a/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/MyProfile.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/MyProfile.tsx
@@ -17,13 +17,17 @@ export default function MyProfile() {
             <div className='flex flex-col items-center gap-2 lg:gap-4'>
               {session && (
                 <>
-                  <div onClick={() => open('ProfileEdit')} className='cursor-pointer'>
+                  <button
+                    type='button'
+                    onClick={() => open('ProfileEdit')}
+                    className='cursor-pointer'
+                  >
                     <Avatar
                       src={session.user?.image ?? undefined}
                       alt={session.user?.nickname}
                       className='h-20 w-20 border-2 border-blue-300 text-xl lg:h-[120px] lg:w-[120px] lg:text-3xl'
                     />
-                  </div>
+                  </button>
                   <p className='text-black-950 text-lg font-medium lg:text-2xl'>
                     {session.user?.nickname}
                   </p>
diff --git a/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/ProfileEditModal.tsx b/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/ProfileEditModal.tsx
index 01179d2..2d8bde7 100644
--- a/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/ProfileEditModal.tsx
+++ b/src/app/(after-login)/mypage/_components/ProfileEditModal.tsx
@@ -75,11 +75,15 @@ export default function ProfileEditModal() {
   if (!isOpen || type !== 'ProfileEdit') return null;
 
   return (
-    <ModalBase>
+    <ModalBase titleId='profile-edit-modal-title'>
       <form
         onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)}
         className='mt-2 flex w-full flex-col justify-center gap-6'
       >
+        <h2 id='profile-edit-modal-title' className='sr-only'>
+          프로필 수정
+        </h2>
+
         <Controller
           name='image'
           control={control}
@@ -107,14 +111,14 @@ export default function ProfileEditModal() {
           <Button
             type='button'
             onClick={close}
-            className='text-black-700 w-full bg-blue-200 font-medium hover:bg-blue-200 focus:ring-0 focus:ring-offset-0 active:border-blue-200 active:bg-blue-200'
+            className='text-black-700 w-full bg-blue-200 font-medium hover:bg-blue-200 active:border-blue-200 active:bg-blue-200'
           >
             취소
           </Button>
           <Button
             type='submit'
             disabled={isSubmitting || !isDirty || !isValid}
-            className='w-full bg-blue-900 hover:bg-blue-950 active:bg-blue-950'
+            className='w-full bg-blue-900 hover:bg-blue-950 focus:ring-black active:bg-blue-950'
           >
             저장
           </Button>
diff --git a/src/components/DeleteModal.tsx b/src/components/DeleteModal.tsx
index 10250d1..774ffbf 100644
--- a/src/components/DeleteModal.tsx
+++ b/src/components/DeleteModal.tsx
@@ -22,8 +22,16 @@ export default function DeleteModal({
   isSubmitting = false,
 }: DeleteModalProps) {
   return (
-    <ModalBase isOpen={isOpen} onClose={onClose} className='px-4 py-6 md:px-[38px] md:py-8'>
+    <ModalBase
+      isOpen={isOpen}
+      onClose={onClose}
+      className='px-4 py-6 md:px-[38px] md:py-8'
+      titleId='delete-modal-title'
+    >
       <div className='flex justify-center'>
+        <h2 id='delete-modal-title' className='sr-only'>
+          {type === 'comment' ? '댓글 삭제' : '게시물 삭제'}
+        </h2>
         <Image
           src={noticeIcon}
           alt='삭제 경고 아이콘'
@@ -48,13 +56,13 @@ export default function DeleteModal({
       <div className='flex flex-row gap-2 lg:gap-4'>
         <Button
           onClick={onClose}
-          className='text-black-700 bg-blue-200 font-medium hover:bg-blue-200 focus:ring-0 focus:ring-offset-0 active:border-blue-200 active:bg-blue-200'
+          className='text-black-700 bg-blue-200 font-medium hover:bg-blue-200 active:border-blue-200 active:bg-blue-200'
         >
           취소
         </Button>
         <Button
           onClick={onDelete}
-          className='bg-blue-900 hover:bg-blue-950 active:bg-blue-950'
+          className='bg-blue-900 hover:bg-blue-950 focus:ring-black active:bg-blue-950'
           disabled={isSubmitting}
         >
           삭제하기
diff --git a/src/components/Dropdown.tsx b/src/components/Dropdown.tsx
index 44499a4..e8ad1ba 100644
--- a/src/components/Dropdown.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Dropdown.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   useState,
 } from 'react';
 import { AnimatePresence, HTMLMotionProps, motion } from 'motion/react';
+import { focusTrapWithArrow } from '@/utils/focusTrap';
 import { cn } from '@/utils/helper';
 
 const DropdownStateContext = createContext<{
@@ -61,6 +62,9 @@ export function Dropdown({
   }, []);
 
   useEffect(() => {
+    const currentDropdown = dropdownRef.current;
+    if (!currentDropdown) return;
+
     function handleKeyDown(e: KeyboardEvent) {
       if (!isOpen) return;
 
@@ -70,10 +74,10 @@ export function Dropdown({
       }
     }
 
-    document.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
+    currentDropdown.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
 
     return () => {
-      document.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
+      currentDropdown.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
     };
   }, [isOpen]);
 
@@ -121,7 +125,7 @@ export function DropdownMenu({
   const menuRef = useRef<HTMLUListElement>(null);
 
   const focusFirstElement = () => {
-    if (menuRef.current) {
+    if (menuRef.current && isOpen) {
       const focusable = menuRef.current.querySelector<HTMLElement>(
         'button, [href], [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])',
       );
@@ -135,43 +139,11 @@ export function DropdownMenu({
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!isOpen || !menuRef.current) return;
-
     const menu = menuRef.current;
 
-    function handleKeyDown(e: KeyboardEvent) {
-      const focusable = Array.from(
-        menu.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>('button, [href], [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])'),
-      );
-      const currentIndex = focusable.findIndex((el) => el === document.activeElement);
-
-      if (currentIndex === -1) return;
-
-      const isForward =
-        (direction === 'vertical' && e.key === 'ArrowDown') ||
-        (direction === 'horizontal' && e.key === 'ArrowRight');
-
-      const isBackward =
-        (direction === 'vertical' && e.key === 'ArrowUp') ||
-        (direction === 'horizontal' && e.key === 'ArrowLeft');
-
-      const focusableLength = focusable.length;
-      let targetIndex: number | null = null;
-
-      if (isForward) {
-        targetIndex = currentIndex + 1 < focusableLength ? currentIndex + 1 : 0;
-      } else if (isBackward) {
-        targetIndex = currentIndex - 1 >= 0 ? currentIndex - 1 : focusableLength - 1;
-      }
-
-      if (targetIndex !== null) {
-        e.preventDefault();
-        focusable[targetIndex]?.focus();
-      }
-    }
-
-    menu.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
+    menu.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => focusTrapWithArrow(e, direction));
     return () => {
-      menu.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown);
+      menu.removeEventListener('keydown', (e) => focusTrapWithArrow(e, direction));
     };
   }, [isOpen, direction]);
 
@@ -186,7 +158,7 @@ export function DropdownMenu({
           transition={{ duration: 0.1 }}
           className={className}
           role='menu'
-          onAnimationComplete={focusFirstElement}
+          onAnimationStart={focusFirstElement}
           {...props}
         >
           {children}
diff --git a/src/components/ModalBase.tsx b/src/components/ModalBase.tsx
index ba272e2..12d23b6 100644
--- a/src/components/ModalBase.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ModalBase.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 'use client';
 
+import { useRef, useLayoutEffect } from 'react';
 import { createPortal } from 'react-dom';
 import useModal from '@/hooks/useModal';
 import useModalStore from '@/hooks/useModalStore';
+import { focusTrap } from '@/utils/focusTrap';
 import { cn } from '@/utils/helper';
 
 interface ModalBaseProps {
@@ -10,6 +12,7 @@ interface ModalBaseProps {
   isOpen?: boolean;
   onClose?: () => void;
   className?: string;
+  titleId?: string;
 }
 
 export default function ModalBase({
@@ -17,14 +20,37 @@ export default function ModalBase({
   isOpen: propIsOpen,
   onClose: propOnClose,
   className,
+  titleId,
 }: ModalBaseProps) {
   const { isOpen: storeIsOpen, close: storeClose } = useModalStore();
-
   const isOpen = propIsOpen ?? storeIsOpen;
   const onClose = propOnClose ?? storeClose;
 
   const { mounted } = useModal(isOpen, onClose);
 
+  const modalRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const initialFocusRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
+  const previousFocusedElementRef = useRef<HTMLElement | null>(null);
+
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    if (isOpen) {
+      previousFocusedElementRef.current = document.activeElement as HTMLElement;
+
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        if (modalRef.current) {
+          const inputElement = modalRef.current.querySelector<HTMLElement>('input');
+          if (inputElement) {
+            inputElement.focus();
+          } else {
+            initialFocusRef.current?.focus();
+          }
+        }
+      }, 0);
+    } else {
+      previousFocusedElementRef.current?.focus();
+    }
+  }, [isOpen]);
+
   const portalRoot =
     typeof document !== 'undefined' ? document.getElementById('portal-root') : null;
 
@@ -32,18 +58,26 @@ export default function ModalBase({
 
   return createPortal(
     <div
-      className={'fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/60'}
+      className='fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/60'
       onClick={onClose}
       data-testid='modal-overlay'
+      aria-hidden={!isOpen}
     >
       <div
+        ref={modalRef}
+        role='dialog'
+        aria-modal='true'
+        aria-labelledby={titleId}
         className={cn(
           'w-full max-w-[320px] rounded-3xl bg-white px-[38px] py-8 md:max-w-[372px] lg:max-w-[452px] lg:py-10',
           className,
         )}
         onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+        onKeyDown={(e) => focusTrap(e, modalRef.current)}
       >
-        {children}
+        <div ref={initialFocusRef} tabIndex={-1}>
+          {children}
+        </div>
       </div>
     </div>,
     portalRoot,
diff --git a/src/components/MoreMenu.tsx b/src/components/MoreMenu.tsx
index ce30403..4ddc25d 100644
--- a/src/components/MoreMenu.tsx
+++ b/src/components/MoreMenu.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use client';
 
-import { HTMLAttributes, PropsWithChildren } from 'react';
+import { HTMLAttributes, MouseEvent, PropsWithChildren } from 'react';
 import { cn } from '@/utils/helper';
 import { Dropdown, DropdownItem, DropdownMenu, DropdownTrigger } from './Dropdown';
 import Icon from './Icon';
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export function MoreMenuItem({
   children,
   onClick,
   ...props
-}: PropsWithChildren<HTMLAttributes<HTMLLIElement> & { onClick: () => void }>) {
+}: PropsWithChildren<HTMLAttributes<HTMLLIElement> & { onClick: (e: MouseEvent) => void }>) {
   const ItemClassName = cn(
     'text-md lg:text-2lg cursor-pointer px-6 py-2 lg:px-8 lg:py-3 whitespace-nowrap hover:bg-blue-200 rounded-xl',
     className,
diff --git a/src/components/ProfileModal.tsx b/src/components/ProfileModal.tsx
index d78a4c4..a3d03ac 100644
--- a/src/components/ProfileModal.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ProfileModal.tsx
@@ -20,8 +20,12 @@ export default function ProfileModal({ isOpen, writer, onClose }: ProfileModalPr
       isOpen={isOpen}
       onClose={onClose}
       className='max-w-[300px] px-6 pt-4 pb-6 md:max-w-[328px] lg:max-w-[360px] lg:px-10 lg:pt-6 lg:pb-8'
+      titleId='profile-modal-title'
     >
       <div className='flex justify-end'>
+        <h2 id='profile-modal-title' className='sr-only'>
+          프로필
+        </h2>
         <button onClick={onClose} className='cursor-pointer'>
           <Icon name='close' size={20} />
         </button>
diff --git a/src/utils/focusTrap.ts b/src/utils/focusTrap.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac56b0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/focusTrap.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+export function getFocusableElements(container: HTMLElement) {
+  return Array.from(
+    container.querySelectorAll<HTMLElement>(
+      'a[href], button, textarea, input, select, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])',
+    ),
+  ).filter((el) => !el.hasAttribute('disabled') && !el.getAttribute('aria-hidden'));
+}
+
+export function focusTrap(e: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLElement>, container: HTMLElement | null) {
+  if (e.key !== 'Tab' || !container) return;
+
+  const focusableElements = getFocusableElements(container);
+  if (focusableElements.length === 0) return;
+
+  const first = focusableElements[0];
+  const last = focusableElements[focusableElements.length - 1];
+  const isShift = e.shiftKey;
+  const activeElement = document.activeElement;
+
+  if (isShift) {
+    if (activeElement === first || !container.contains(activeElement)) {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      last.focus();
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (activeElement === last || !container.contains(activeElement)) {
+      e.preventDefault();
+      first.focus();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * keyboard arrow의 조작으로 변경되는 tab focus
+ * - React DOM에 직접적으로 연결이 아니라, useEffect 내부에서 eventListener를 등록, 해제하는 방향으로 작성 (window KeyobardEvent 사용)
+ * - 넘겨진 event에서 currentTarget으로 eventListener가 걸린 HTMLElement를 container로 등록하고 사용
+ */
+
+export function focusTrapWithArrow(e: KeyboardEvent, direction: 'vertical' | 'horizontal') {
+  const container = e.currentTarget as HTMLElement;
+  if (!container) return;
+
+  const isForward =
+    (direction === 'vertical' && e.key === 'ArrowDown') ||
+    (direction === 'horizontal' && e.key === 'ArrowRight');
+
+  const isBackward =
+    (direction === 'vertical' && e.key === 'ArrowUp') ||
+    (direction === 'horizontal' && e.key === 'ArrowLeft');
+
+  if (!isForward && !isBackward) return;
+
+  const focusableElements = getFocusableElements(container);
+  if (focusableElements.length === 0) return;
+
+  const currentIndex = focusableElements.findIndex((el) => el === document.activeElement);
+  if (currentIndex === -1) return;
+
+  const focusableLength = focusableElements.length;
+  let targetIndex: number | null = null;
+
+  if (isForward) {
+    targetIndex = currentIndex + 1 < focusableLength ? currentIndex + 1 : 0;
+  } else if (isBackward) {
+    targetIndex = currentIndex - 1 >= 0 ? currentIndex - 1 : focusableLength - 1;
+  }
+
+  if (targetIndex !== null) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    focusableElements[targetIndex]?.focus();
+  }
+}