Thread.hpp

/*
 * Copyright (c)2019 ZeroTier, Inc.
 *
 * Use of this software is governed by the Business Source License included
 * in the LICENSE.TXT file in the project's root directory.
 *
 * Change Date: 2026-01-01
 *
 * On the date above, in accordance with the Business Source License, use
 * of this software will be governed by version 2.0 of the Apache License.
 */
/****/

#ifndef ZT_THREAD_HPP
#define ZT_THREAD_HPP

#include <stdexcept>

#include "../node/Constants.hpp"

#ifdef __WINDOWS__

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "../node/Mutex.hpp"

namespace ZeroTier {

template<typename C>
static DWORD WINAPI ___zt_threadMain(LPVOID lpParam)
{
	try {
		((C *)lpParam)->threadMain();
	} catch ( ... ) {}
	return 0;
}

class Thread
{
public:
	Thread()
	{
		_th = NULL;
		_tid = 0;
	}

	template<typename C>
	static inline Thread start(C *instance)
	{
		Thread t;
		t._th = CreateThread(NULL,0,&___zt_threadMain<C>,(LPVOID)instance,0,&t._tid);
		if (t._th == NULL)
			throw std::runtime_error("CreateThread() failed");
		return t;
	}

	static inline void join(const Thread &t)
	{
		if (t._th != NULL) {
			for(;;) {
				DWORD ec = STILL_ACTIVE;
				GetExitCodeThread(t._th,&ec);
				if (ec == STILL_ACTIVE)
					WaitForSingleObject(t._th,1000);
				else break;
			}
		}
	}

	static inline void sleep(unsigned long ms)
	{
		Sleep((DWORD)ms);
	}

	// Not available on *nix platforms
	static inline void cancelIO(const Thread &t)
	{
#if !defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__MINGW64__) // CancelSynchronousIo not available in MSYS2
		if (t._th != NULL)
			CancelSynchronousIo(t._th);
#endif
	}

	inline operator bool() const { return (_th != NULL); }

private:
	HANDLE _th;
	DWORD _tid;
};

} // namespace ZeroTier

#else

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

namespace ZeroTier {

template<typename C>
static void *___zt_threadMain(void *instance)
{
	try {
		((C *)instance)->threadMain();
	} catch ( ... ) {}
	return (void *)0;
}

/**
 * A thread identifier, and static methods to start and join threads
 */
class Thread
{
public:
	Thread()
	{
		memset(this,0,sizeof(Thread));
	}

	Thread(const Thread &t)
	{
		memcpy(this,&t,sizeof(Thread));
	}

	inline Thread &operator=(const Thread &t)
	{
		memcpy(this,&t,sizeof(Thread));
		return *this;
	}

	/**
	 * Start a new thread
	 *
	 * @param instance Instance whose threadMain() method gets called by new thread
	 * @return Thread identifier
	 * @throws std::runtime_error Unable to create thread
	 * @tparam C Class containing threadMain()
	 */
	template<typename C>
	static inline Thread start(C *instance)
	{
		Thread t;
		pthread_attr_t tattr;
		pthread_attr_init(&tattr);
		// This corrects for systems with abnormally small defaults (musl) and also
		// shrinks the stack on systems with large defaults to save a bit of memory.
		pthread_attr_setstacksize(&tattr,ZT_THREAD_MIN_STACK_SIZE);
		if (pthread_create(&t._tid,&tattr,&___zt_threadMain<C>,instance)) {
			pthread_attr_destroy(&tattr);
			throw std::runtime_error("pthread_create() failed, unable to create thread");
		} else {
			t._started = true;
			pthread_attr_destroy(&tattr);
		}
		return t;
	}

	/**
	 * Join to a thread, waiting for it to terminate (does nothing on null Thread values)
	 *
	 * @param t Thread to join
	 */
	static inline void join(const Thread &t)
	{
		if (t._started)
			pthread_join(t._tid,(void **)0);
	}

	/**
	 * Sleep the current thread
	 *
	 * @param ms Number of milliseconds to sleep
	 */
	static inline void sleep(unsigned long ms) { usleep(ms * 1000); }

	inline operator bool() const { return (_started); }

private:
	pthread_t _tid;
	volatile bool _started;
};

} // namespace ZeroTier

#endif // __WINDOWS__ / !__WINDOWS__

#endif