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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Template</title>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta
name="viewport"
content="user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,width=device-width"
/>
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</head>
<body>
<textarea id="source">
layout: true
class: typo, typo-selection
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## One Scala Method
<small>Seven Years of Rewrites</small>
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## `.subdomain`
---
class: nord-light
## scala-uri
- scala-uri a Scala URL Parser
- Used by
- Guardian homepage
- HMRC
- 0.1 released 19 Nov 2012
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
---
class: nord-light
## Subdomain · First Implementation
```scala
val hostParts = host.split('.').toVector
def subdomain = hostParts.head
```
- Version `0.3.6`
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## Job Done.
---
class: nord-light
## First Implementation · Problems
<br>
```scala
scala> Url.parse("https://google.com").subdomain
res0: String = google
scala> Url.parse("http://127.0.0.1/index.html").subdomain
res1: String = 127
scala> Url.parse("https://console.aws.amazon.com").subdomain
res2: String = console
```
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## What even is a Subdomain?
---
class: nord-light
## Subdomain · Definition
> A subdomain is a domain that is part of a larger domain.
> For example, `west.example.com` is a subdomain of the `example.com` domain,
> which in turn is a subdomain of the `com` top-level domain (TLD).
[Source: wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdomain)
---
class: nord-light
## Subdomain · Being Pragmatic
<br>
.center[]
- How do we drop the TLD + Domain Name?
---
class: nord-light
## Dropping the TLD
```scala
host.split('.').dropRight(2)
```
.center[]
- What about SLDs `.co.uk`? lower levels?
- So what's the algorithm?
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## There is no algorithm
---
class: nord-light
## publicsuffix.org
> Since there was and remains no algorithmic method of finding the highest level at
> which a domain may be registered, the only method is to create a list.
> This is the aim of the Public Suffix List.
- Maintained by Mozilla Foundation
- Effective top-level domain (eTLD)
- Firefox/Chrome/Chromium/Opera/IE
---
class: nord-light
## publicsuffix.org
```sql
// ===BEGIN ICANN DOMAINS===
// ac : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.ac
ac
com.ac
edu.ac
gov.ac
net.ac
mil.ac
org.ac
```
- Full List [public_suffix_list.dat](https://github.com/publicsuffix/list/blob/master/public_suffix_list.dat)
- Find the **longest** match against a list of suffixes
---
class: nord-light
## Trie
- Encoding `uk`, `hk`, `co.uk` and `ac.uk`
<br>
.mermaid[
<pre>
graph LR
root(( )) --> k((k)) --> u((u)) --> d1((.))
k --> h((h))
d1 --> o((o)) --> c1((c))
d1 --> a((a)) --> c2((c))
style root fill:#444,stroke:#444
style u fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
style h fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
style c1 fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
style c2 fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
</pre>
]
<br>
.center[
## www.google.co.uk
]
---
class: nord-light
## Trie · In Scala
<br>
<strong>
```scala
case class Trie(
children: Map[Char,Trie],
end: Boolean
)
```
</strong>
---
class: nord-light
## Trie · By Segment
- Encoding `uk`, `hk`, `co.uk` and `ac.uk`
<br>
.mermaid[
<pre>
graph LR
root(( )) --> uk((uk)) --> co((co))
root --> hk((hk))
uk --> ac((ac))
style root fill:#444,stroke:#444
style uk fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
style hk fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
style co fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
style ac fill:#ffdede,stroke:#d33,color:#d33
</pre>
]
<br>
.center[
## www.google.co.uk
]
---
class: nord-light
## Segment Trie · In Scala
<br>
<strong>
```scala
case class Trie(
children: Map[String,Trie],
end: Boolean
)
```
</strong>
---
class: nord-light
## Which Trie?
- Memory trade offs
- Fewer hops
- Reverse string vs segment split and reverse
- Benchmarks in a later slide!
---
class: nord-light
## Death by JSON
```json
{"c":{"்":{"c":{"ர":{"c":{"ூ":{"c":{"ப":{"c":{"்":{"c":{"ப":{"c":{"க":{"c":{"்":{"c":{"ங":
{"c":{"ி":{"c":{"ச":{"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":
false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false},"ם":{"c":{"ו":{"c":{"ק":
{"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false},"e":{"c":{"e":{"c":{"e":{"c":{"i":{"c":{},"e":true
}},"e":false},".":{"c":{"e":{"c":{"i":{"c":{"f":{"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false},
"u":{"c":{"d":{"c":{"e":{"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false},"m":{"c":{"o":{"c":{"c":{
"c":{".":{"c":{"t":{"c":{"o":{"c":{"p":{"c":{"s":{"c":{"g":{"c":{"o":{"c":{"l":{"c":{"b":{
"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":false}},
"e":false}},"e":false}},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false},"i":{"c":{"r":{"c":{"p":{"c":{},
"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false},"v":{"c":{"o":{"c":{"g":{"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e"
:false},"b":{"c":{"i":{"c":{"l":{"c":{},"e":true}},"e":false}},"e":false},"g":{"c":{"r":{"c"
...
```
- Full JSON [public_suffix_trie.json](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lemonlabsuk/scala-uri/1.4.x/jvm/src/main/resources/public_suffix_trie.json)
- Version `0.5.0`
---
class: nord-light
## Concerns
- Introduced a JSON Parsing dependency
- `0.5.x` and `1.x` - no Scala.js support
- [Poor GraalVM experience](https://github.com/lemonlabsuk/scala-uri/issues/22):
---
class: nord-light
## Code Gen!
- `2.0.0` let's replace that JSON with code
---
class: nord-light
## Code Gen?
```sql
[error] Error while emitting io/lemonlabs/uri/inet/PublicSuffixTrie$
[error] Method too large: io/lemonlabs/uri/inet/PublicSuffixTrie$.publicSuffixTrie ()Trie;
[error] one error found
```
.center[]
---
class: nord-light
## Code Gen?
```sql
[error] Error while emitting io/lemonlabs/uri/inet/PublicSuffixTrie$
[error] Class too large: io/lemonlabs/uri/inet/PublicSuffixTrie$
[error] one error found
```
.center[]
---
class: nord-light
## Code Gen
```scala
package io.lemonlabs.uri.inet
object PublicSuffixTrie {
lazy val publicSuffixTrie = Trie(Map(
''்' -> _bcd.t,'ם' -> _5dd.t,'e' -> _65.t,'л' -> _43b.t,'販' -> _8ca9.t,'团' -> _56e2.t,
's' -> _73.t,'拿' -> _62ff.t,'्' -> _94d.t,'业' -> _4e1a.t,'你' -> _4f60.t,'б' -> _431.t,
'x' -> _78.t,'品' -> _54c1.t,'物' -> _7269.t,'و' -> _648.t,'山' -> _5c71.t,'府' -> _5e9c.t,
'站' -> _7ad9.t,'闻' -> _95fb.t,'ತ' -> _ca4.t,'ب' -> _628.t,'籍' -> _7c4d.t,'益' -> _76ca.t,
'尚' -> _5c1a.t,'线' -> _7ebf.t,'n' -> _6e.t,'ม' -> _e21.t,'动' -> _52a8.t,'な' -> _306a.t,
...
}
```
- 154k lines of Scala code
- Full code [PublicSuffixTrie.scala](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/lemonlabsuk/scala-uri/2.0.0/shared/src/main/scala/io/lemonlabs/uri/inet/PublicSuffixTrie.scala)
---
class: nord-light
## It worked!
<iframe width="100%" height="70%" src="https://lemonlabs.io/scala-uri-scalajs-example/index.html" allowfullscreen frameborder=”no” border=”0″ marginwidth=”0″ marginheight=”0″ scrolling=”yes” allowtransparency=”yes”></iframe>
---
class: nord-light
## Another issue
<br>
.center[]
---
class: nord-light
## Let's Benchmark
- Trie (each node a character)
- Trie (each node a segment)
- and???
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## Scan the whole public suffix list
---
class: nord-light
## Set look-up
- Store public suffix list in a `Set`
- Lookup suffixes L to R
```scala
suffixes.contains("www.google.co.uk") false
suffixes.contains("google.co.uk") false
suffixes.contains("co.uk") true
```
---
class: nord-light
## Benchmarking Public Suffix Algorithms · List Size
<iframe width="100%" height="70%" src="https://lemonlabs.io/scala-uri-benchmarks/public-suffixes/suffix-list-size/" allowfullscreen frameborder=”no” border=”0″ marginwidth=”0″ marginheight=”0″ scrolling=”yes” allowtransparency=”yes”></iframe>
---
class: nord-light
## Benchmarking Public Suffix Algorithms · Segment Count
<iframe width="100%" height="70%" src="https://lemonlabs.io/scala-uri-benchmarks/public-suffixes/segment-count/" allowfullscreen frameborder=”no” border=”0″ marginwidth=”0″ marginheight=”0″ scrolling=”yes” allowtransparency=”yes”></iframe>
---
class: nord-light
## Today
- scala-uri `2.2.2`
- `Set` look-ups for public suffixes
- 1.4MB Scala.js build
---
class: nord-light, center, middle
## Thanks!
</textarea>
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