diff --git a/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_image.py b/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_image.py
index 06cfa475..4b677be7 100644
--- a/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_image.py
+++ b/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_image.py
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@
 import gzip
 import json
 import subprocess
+import tarfile
 import tempfile
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import IO, Any, Optional
 
 from loguru import logger
 
@@ -14,6 +15,44 @@
 from surfactant.configmanager import ConfigManager
 from surfactant.sbomtypes import SBOM, Software
 
+### ===============================
+### Utility Predicates
+### ===============================
+
+
+def is_oci_archive(filename: str) -> bool:
+    """Return True if given file is a tarball
+    roughly matching the OCI specification"""
+
+    with tarfile.open(filename) as this_tarfile:  # oci-layout only path ensured
+        return "oci-layout" in this_tarfile.getmembers()
+
+
+def supports_file(filetype: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if the file type is supported."""
+    return filetype in ("DOCKER_TAR", "DOCKER_GZIP")
+
+
+### ===============================
+### Archive Utilities
+### ===============================
+
+
+def gunzip_tarball(filename: str) -> object:
+    """Unzip a gzipped tarball to a temporary file
+    and return the name of the corresponding file."""
+    with open(filename, "rb") as gzip_in:
+        gzip_data = gzip_in.read()
+    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile() as gzip_out:
+        gzip_out.write(gzip.decompress(gzip_data))
+        gzip_out.flush()  # Ensure data is written before reading
+        return gzip_out.name
+
+
+### ===============================
+### Extraction Procedures
+### ===============================
+
 
 class DockerScoutManager:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
@@ -45,7 +84,7 @@ def check_docker_scout_installed(self) -> None:
                 "You can also disable this check by running 'surfactant config docker.enable_docker_scout false'."
             )
 
-    def run_docker_scout(self, filename: str) -> object:
+    def run_docker_scout(self, filename: str) -> Optional[object]:
         """Run Docker Scout on the given file and return the results."""
         if self.disable_docker_scout:
             return {}  # Do nothing if Docker Scout is disabled by config
@@ -58,29 +97,77 @@ def run_docker_scout(self, filename: str) -> object:
             )
             if result.returncode != 0:
                 logger.warning(f"Running Docker Scout on {filename} failed")
-                return {}
+                return None
             spdx_out = json.loads(result.stdout)
-            return {"dockerSPDX": spdx_out}
+            return spdx_out
         except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
             logger.error(f"Failed to parse Docker Scout output for {filename}: {e}")
-            return {}
+            return None
 
 
 # Initialize DockerScoutManager to check installation status
 dsManager = DockerScoutManager()
 
 
-def supports_file(filetype: str) -> bool:
-    """Check if the file type is supported."""
-    return filetype in ("DOCKER_TAR", "DOCKER_GZIP")
+def extract_configs(filename: str):
+    """Return image configuration objects mapped by their paths."""
+
+    def get_manifest_file_from_tarball(tarball: tarfile.TarFile) -> IO[bytes] | None:
+        return tarball.extractfile(
+            {tarinfo.name: tarinfo for tarinfo in tarball.getmembers()}["manifest.json"]
+        )
+
+    def get_config_file_from_tarball(tarball: tarfile.TarFile, path: str) -> Optional[IO[bytes]]:
+        return tarball.extractfile(
+            {tarinfo.name: tarinfo for tarinfo in tarball.getmembers()}[path]
+        )
+
+    def get_config_path_from_manifest(manifest: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[str]:
+        path = "Config"
+        return [entry[path] for entry in manifest]
+
+    # currently unused
+    def get_repo_tags_from_manifest(manifest: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[str]:
+        path = "RepoTags"
+        return [entry[path] for entry in manifest]
+
+    image_configs = []
+    with tarfile.open(filename) as tarball:
+        # we know the manifest file is present or we wouldn't be this far
+        assert (manifest_file := get_manifest_file_from_tarball(tarball))
+        manifest = json.load(manifest_file)
+        for config_path in get_config_path_from_manifest(manifest):
+            assert (config_file := get_config_file_from_tarball(tarball, config_path))
+            config = json.load(config_file)
+            image_configs.append(config)
+    return image_configs
+
+
+### =================================
+### Hook Implementation
+### =================================
 
 
 @surfactant.plugin.hookimpl
 def extract_file_info(sbom: SBOM, software: Software, filename: str, filetype: str) -> object:
     """Extract file information using Docker Scout if supported."""
-    if dsManager.disable_docker_scout or not supports_file(filetype):
+    if not supports_file(filetype):
         return None
-    return extract_docker_info(filetype, filename)
+
+    ## Conditionally extract tarball if gzipped
+    filename = gunzip_tarball(filename) if filetype == "DOCKER_GZIP" else filename
+
+    ## Establish metadata object
+    metadata = {}
+
+    ## Extract config files
+    metadata["dockerImageConfigs"] = extract_configs(filename)
+
+    ## Use docker scout if available and enabled
+    if not dsManager.disable_docker_scout:
+        metadata["dockerSPDX"] = dsManager.run_docker_scout(filename)
+
+    return metadata
 
 
 def extract_docker_info(filetype: str, filename: str) -> object:
diff --git a/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_tarball_file.py b/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_tarball_file.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2ffa504f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/surfactant/infoextractors/docker_tarball_file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# Copyright 2024 Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC
+# see: ${repository}/LICENSE
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+import json
+import tarfile
+from pathlib import PurePosixPath
+from typing import IO, Any, Union
+
+import surfactant.plugin
+from surfactant.sbomtypes import SBOM, Software
+
+
+def get_manifest_file_from_tarball(tarball: tarfile.TarFile) -> IO[bytes] | None:
+    return tarball.extractfile(
+        {tarinfo.name: tarinfo for tarinfo in tarball.getmembers()}["manifest.json"]
+    )
+
+
+def get_config_file_from_tarball(tarball: tarfile.TarFile, path: str) -> Union[IO[bytes], None]:
+    return tarball.extractfile({tarinfo.name: tarinfo for tarinfo in tarball.getmembers()}[path])
+
+
+def get_config_path_from_manifest(manifest: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[str]:
+    path = "Config"
+    return [entry[path] for entry in manifest]
+
+
+def get_repo_tags_from_manifest(manifest: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[str]:
+    path = "RepoTags"
+    return [entry[path] for entry in manifest]
+
+
+def portable_path_list(*paths: str):
+    """Convert paths to a portable format acknowledged by"""
+    return tuple(str(PurePosixPath(path_str)) for path_str in paths)
+
+
+def supports_file(filename: str, filetype: str) -> bool:
+    EXPECTED_FILETYPE = "DOCKER_TAR"
+
+    expected_members = portable_path_list(
+        "index.json",
+        "manifest.json",
+        "oci-layout",
+        "repositories",
+        "blobs/sha256",
+    )
+
+    if filetype != EXPECTED_FILETYPE:
+        return False
+
+    with tarfile.open(filename) as this_tarfile:
+        found_members = portable_path_list(*[member.name for member in this_tarfile.getmembers()])
+
+    return all(expected_member in found_members for expected_member in expected_members)
+
+
+@surfactant.plugin.hookimpl
+def extract_file_info(sbom: SBOM, software: Software, filename: str, filetype: str) -> object:
+    if not supports_file(filename, filetype):
+        return None
+    return extract_image_info(filename)
+
+
+def extract_image_info(filename: str):
+    """Return image configuration objects mapped by their paths."""
+    root_key = "dockerImageConfigs"
+    image_info: dict[str, list[dict[str, Any]]] = {root_key: []}
+    with tarfile.open(filename) as tarball:
+        # we know the manifest file is present or we wouldn't be this far
+        assert (manifest_file := get_manifest_file_from_tarball(tarball))
+        manifest = json.load(manifest_file)
+        for config_path in manifest.get_config_path_from_manifest(manifest):
+            assert (config_file := get_config_file_from_tarball(tarball, config_path))
+            config = json.load(config_file)
+            image_info[root_key].append(config)
+    return image_info