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Electron Cash - Plugins

The plugin system of Electron Cash is designed to allow the development of new features without increasing the core code of Electron Cash.

Electron Cash is written in pure python. if you want to add a feature that requires non-python libraries, then it must be submitted as a plugin. If the feature you want to add requires communication with a remote server (not an Electron Cash server), then it should be a plugin as well. If the feature you want to add introduces new dependencies in the code, then it should probably be a plugin.

There are two types of plugins supported by Electron Cash. The first is the internal plugin, currently offered under "Optional Features" in the Tools menu of the QT client. The second is the external plugin, which the user has to manually install, currently managed under "Installed Plugins" in the Tools menu of the QT client.

At this time, there is no documentation for the plugin API. What API there is, mostly consists of some limited hooks which provide notification on events and a base class which provides the basic plugin integration.

WARNING: The plugin API will be upgraded at some point. Plugins will be required to specify their release plugin API version, and those that predate it will be assumed to be version 0. This will be used to first deprecate, and then over time, remove the existing API as plugin developers transition to any replacement API. Plenty of time and warning will be given before any removal, allowing plugin developers to upgrade. Given the extremely limited state of the Electrum plugin API we inherited, this may even reduce maintenance requirements as internals a plugin developer makes use of can easily get changed in the course of normal development.

Risks and Dangers

Plugins, like Electron Cash, are written in pure Python, in the form of PythonPackages. This means they can access almost all of Electron Cash's state, and change any behaviour, perhaps even in dishonest ways you might not even notice at first. They might even use Python's file system access, or other similar functionality, to damage whatever else they can access.

If you plan to install plugins, you should ensure that they are fully vetted by someone trustworthy, and do so at your own risk, only installing them from official locations.

If you plan to develop a plugin, it is in your best interest to get it reviewed by someone a plugin user knows and trusts, before releasing it, in order to have provable safety for potential users as a feature.

Types of Plugin

Optional features (internal plugins) are included with Electron Cash, and are available to all users of Electron Cash to enable and disable as they wish. They cannot be uninstalled, and no installation functionality is provided either.

User installable plugins (external plugins) are not included with Electron Cash. The user must use the Plugin Manager to install these, through the user interface. In the QT UI, this is accessed through the Tools menu. The process of installation includes both warnings and required user confirmations that they accept the risks installing them incurs.

Internal Plugin Rules

  • We expect plugin developers to maintain their plugin code. However, once a plugin is merged in Electron Cash, we will have to maintain it too, because changes in the Electron Cash code often require updates in the plugin code. Therefore, plugins have to be easy to maintain. If we believe that a plugin will create too much maintenance work in the future, it will be rejected.
  • Plugins should be compatible with Electron Cash's conventions. If your plugin does not fit with Electron Cash's architecture, or if we believe that it will create too much maintenance work, it will not be accepted. In particular, do not duplicate existing Electron Cash code in your plugin.
  • We may decide to remove a plugin after it has been merged in Electron Cash. For this reason, a plugin must be easily removable, without putting at risk the user's bitcoins. If we feel that a plugin cannot be removed without threatening users who rely on it, we will not merge it.

External Plugins

At this time, external plugins must be developed in the same way as an internal plugin. It might be that this can be done by placing a symbolic link to your plugin's Python package directory, in the plugins directory within the clone of the Electron Cash source you are developing within.

Please be sure that you test your plugin with the same recommended version of Python for the version of Electron Cash you intend to specify in your plugin's minimum Electron Cash version. Not doing so, will cause you pain and potential users to avoid your plugin.

Packaging The Hard Way

Once your plugin is ready for use by other users, you can package it for them so they can take advantage of the easy methods of plugin installation available in the QT user interface (drag and drop onto the plugin manager, or click Add Plugin and select the plugin zip archive).

An external plugin must be constructed in the form of a zip archive that is acceptable to the Python zipimport module. Within this archive must be two things:

  • The manifest.json file which provides plugin metadata.
  • The Python package directory that contains your plugin code.

It is recommended that your Python package directory contain precompiled Python bytecode files. Python includes the compileall module <https://docs.python.org/3/library/compileall.html#command-line-use> within it's standard library which can do this from the command line. This is because zipimport does not support writing these back into the zip archive which encapulates your packaged plugin.

The manifest.json file has required fields:

  • display_name: This is the name of your plugin.
  • version: This is the version of your plugin. Only numeric versions of the form <integer>.<integer> (e.g. 1.0) or <integer>.<integer>.<integer> (e.g. 1.0.1) are supported.
  • project_url: This is the official URL of your project.
  • description: A longer form description of how your plugin upgrades Electron Cash.
  • minimum_ec_version: This is the earliest version of Electron Cash which your plugin is known to work with. This will not be 3.2 or lower as the external plugin functionality only arrived after that version.
  • package_name: This is the name of the Python package directory at the top level of the zip archive, which contains your plugin code. It is necessary to formally specify this, to spare Electron Cash confusion in the case of advanced plugin packages which contain multiple Python packages, or even looking around to distinguish between the one Python package and other data directories.
  • available_for: This is a list of keywords which map to supported Electron Cash plugin interfaces. Valid values to include are qt, kivy and cmdline.

If you do not include these fields in your manifest file, then the user will see an error message when they try and install it.

Example manifest.json

{
    "display_name": "Scheduled Payments",
    "version": "1.0",
    "project_url": "https://github.com/rt121212121/electron_cash_scheduled_payments_plugin",
    "description": "This allows a user to specify recurring payments to a number of recipients.",
    "minimum_ec_version": "3.2",
    "package_name": "scheduled_payments",
    "available_for": [
        "qt"
    ]
}

The Easy Way

In the contrib directory of the Electron Cash source tree, you can find a script named package_plugin.py. Execute this script with the command-line py -3 package_plugin.py. You must have PyQT5 installed, which you will have if you are developing against a clone of the GIT repository.

A window will be displayed with fields for all the required manifest fields, and when they have valid values, will allow you to generate the package zip archive automatically. This will create a zip archive with sha256 checksum which any user can then drag into their Electron Cash wallet's plugin manager, to almost immediately install and run (sure they have to check a barrage of warnings about the damage you could do to them).

Advanced Python Packaging

With a bit of thought a user can bundle additional supporting Python packages, or even binary data like icons, into their plugin archive.

It is not possible to import Python extension modules (.pyd, .dll, .so, etc) from within a ziparchive "mounted zip archive".

If you need to extract data from the archive, to make use of it, please contact the Electron Cash developers to work out a standard way to do so, so that if a user uninstalls your plugin, the extracted data can also be removed. For this initial external plugin feature release, this level of functionality is not officially supported or recommended.