Java darts CLI

A Java-based command-line interface for the darts toolbox

Introduction

This part of the darts > CLIs project provides a Java-based command-line interface for darts, a computational toolbox aimed at the game of darts. This command-line interface, referred to as darts in what follows, can be used to:

Determine all possible darts checkouts.
Generate checkout tables for any range of scores.

Additionally, darts lets you:

Choose the dartboard type.
Select the game mode.
Set the number of darts.
Pick the output format.

The installation and usage of darts are discussed in what follows. For solutions to commonly occurring problems, refer to the troubleshooting section.

To explore darts, you can also dive into the code. Alternatively, you can download the Java darts CLI code from the latest Java darts release at https://github.com/mauritssilvis/darts/releases. The release history of the Java darts CLI project is contained in the changelog.

If you would like to explore extensive checkout tables for different types of darts games, refer to the checkout table overview.

1. Installation

To use darts, you have to execute the following steps.

1.1 Install Java 21+

darts requires the installation of Java 21 or higher.

You can install the latest version of Java as follows:

Go to https://adoptium.net/temurin/releases/.
Select the latest long-term support (LTS) version of Java, currently Java 21.
Download the archive or installer matching your system.
Extract or install the files in a convenient location.
Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable to the full path of the created jdk-X+Y folder. Here, X and Y are placeholders for version numbers.

1.2 Install `darts`

To install the darts toolbox, first follow the following steps:

Download the Java darts CLI code.
- You can download the Java darts CLI code from the latest Java darts release at https://github.com/mauritssilvis/darts/releases.
- Alternatively, clone or download the full darts code from https://github.com/mauritssilvis/darts.
If necessary, extract the code to a convenient location.

You can then install the darts toolbox as follows:

Navigate to the folder containing the darts installation scripts, install and install.bat.
- If you downloaded the Java darts CLI code, these scripts can be found in the extracted folder.
- If you downloaded the full darts code, these scripts can be found in the cli/java-darts-cli folder.
Run the install command to install darts in the bin folder.
Navigate to the newly created bin folder.
Test the execution of the darts toolbox by running the darts command.

1.2.1 Command execution

Unix-like systems

On Unix-like systems, the install and darts commands can be executed as follows:

Open a terminal.
Navigate to the folder containing the darts installation script, install.
Run the install command by executing ./install.
Navigate to the newly created bin folder.
Run the darts command by executing ./darts.

Windows

On Windows, the install and darts commands can be executed using the command prompt or the PowerShell.

With the command prompt, the execution of commands works as follows:

Open the command prompt, for example, by pushing the Windows key, typing cmd and hitting Enter.
Navigate to the folder containing the darts installation script, install.bat.
Run the install command by executing install.
Navigate to the newly created bin folder.
Run the darts command by executing darts.

With the PowerShell, execution works as follows:

Open the PowerShell, for example, by pushing the Windows key, typing powershell and hitting Enter.
Navigate to the folder containing the darts installation script, install.bat.
Run the install command by executing .\install.
Navigate to the newly created bin folder.
Run the darts command by executing .\darts.

1.2.2 Troubleshooting

Should any problems occur while installing darts, please refer to the troubleshooting section.

2. Usage

The darts command-line toolbox offers three subcommands. These subcommands are described in detail in what follows:

Generate a darts checkout table using darts checkouts.
Print a dartboard using darts boards.
Get help using darts help.

2.1 Generate a darts checkout table

2.1.1 Choose the scores

Generating a darts checkout table using darts is as simple as choosing a minimum and a maximum score and passing these to the darts checkouts subcommand.

For example, to create a checkout table with scores from 1 to 4, execute the following command:

darts checkouts 1 4

The corresponding output looks as follows:

| Score |  1 |  2 | # |
|------:|---:|---:|--:|
|     1 |  * |  * | 0 |
|     2 |  * |  * | 1 |
|       | D1 |  - | 1 |
|     3 |  * |  * | 1 |
|       |  1 | D1 | 1 |
|     4 |  * |  * | 1 |
|       | D2 |  - | 1 |

This checkout table shows how scores from 1 to 4 can be reached for a specific type of darts game. Specifically, the table applies to a double-out game with the ‘standard’ London dartboard. There are no restrictions on the first dart. No one-point checkouts were found since 1 is less than the minimal final score — a double 1 (D1). Otherwise, all rows have a multiplicity of one. They represent a single checkout, which can only be attained by hitting the fields in their listed order.

Similarly, the command

darts checkouts 20 21

produces a checkout table for the scores 20 to 21. This table, which is truncated for brevity, looks as follows:

| Score |         1 |         2 |  # |
|------:|----------:|----------:|---:|
|    20 |         * |         * |  1 |
|       |       D10 |         - |  1 |
|    21 |         * |         * | 13 |
|       |        19 |        D1 |  1 |
|       |        17 |        D2 |  1 |
|       |       ... |       ... |  1 |
|       |   3 /  T1 |        D9 |  2 |
|       |         1 |       D10 |  1 |

Note that a single 3 and a triple 1 (T1) have the same score. By default, these fields are listed together, and their row has a multiplicity of two. In other words, this row represents two checkouts. With the default configuration, checkouts for a given score are sorted in descending order. That is, for a given score, checkouts that start with higher throws are listed before checkouts that start with lower scores.

The darts toolbox can also generate a checkout table for a single score. For example, to find 501-point checkouts, pass the same value as the minimum and maximum score:

darts checkouts 501 501

The resulting (truncated) output shows that there are 3,944 different nine-dart checkouts in a 501-point double-out darts game:

| Score |   1 |   2 |   3 |   4 |   5 |   6 |   7 |   8 |   9 |     # |
|------:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|------:|
|   501 |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * | 3,944 |
|       | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | D12 |     8 |
|       | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T17 | D15 |     8 |
|       | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T15 | D18 |     8 |
|       | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |   ... |
|       | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | T18 | D25 | D25 | D25 |   840 |
|       | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | T19 | T19 | T19 | T19 | D18 |    56 |
|       | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | T19 | T19 | D25 | D25 | D25 |   560 |

It does not matter in which order the first eight darts are thrown. Therefore, each row of the table represents multiple checkouts.

2.1.2 Default parameters

As hinted at above, the darts checkouts subcommand has several default parameters. When left unspecified, the following options are set:

The dartboard type: London.
The check-in mode: any.
The checkout mode: double.
The number of throws: 0 (not fixed).
The throw mode: optimal.
The checkout finder type: descending.
The output format: Markdown.

As such, the command

darts checkouts 1 4

is equivalent to

darts checkouts -b london -i any -j double -n 0 -m optimal -f descending -o markdown 1 4

With full-length versions of the one-letter flags, this command reads:

darts checkouts --board london --check-in any --checkout double --throws 0 --throw-mode optimal --finder descending --output markdown 1 4

The following sections explain how the default parameters can be changed.

2.1.3 Change the game mode

The checkout mode

By default, the darts checkouts subcommand looks for checkouts for a double-out darts game. To change the checkout mode, use the -j or --checkout option. The supported checkout modes are:

any for final darts of any score;
master for double or triple finishes;
double for a double checkout (default).

Any out

To allow for final darts of any score, use a command of the following form:

darts checkouts -j any 1 4

The corresponding output is:

| Score |       1 | # |
|------:|--------:|--:|
|     1 |       * | 1 |
|       |       1 | 1 |
|     2 |       * | 2 |
|       |  2 / D1 | 2 |
|     3 |       * | 2 |
|       |  3 / T1 | 2 |
|     4 |       * | 2 |
|       |  4 / D2 | 2 |

Single final scores are accepted with the selected checkout mode, and a finish of 1 is possible.

Master out

To select master, i.e., double or triple, checkouts, use a command like:

darts checkouts -j master 20 21

The resulting output shows that only one dart is required to reduce a score of 21 to zero in master-out games:

| Score |   1 | # |
|------:|----:|--:|
|    20 |   * | 1 |
|       | D10 | 1 |
|    21 |   * | 1 |
|       |  T7 | 1 |

The check-in mode

By default, the darts checkouts subcommand does not impose restrictions on the first dart and, thus, assumes an any-in game. The check-in mode can, however, be changed using the -i and --check-in options. The supported check-in modes are:

any for an unrestricted initial throw (default);
master for a double or triple check-in;
double for an initial double score.

Double in

For example, to find the 501-point checkouts of a double-in, double-out darts game, run the following command:

darts checkouts -i double 501 501

The resulting (truncated) table shows there are 574 nine-dart checkouts in such a game:

| Score |   1 |   2 |   3 |   4 |   5 |   6 |   7 |   8 |   9 |   # |
|------:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|
|   501 |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * | 574 |
|       | D25 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | D17 |   7 |
|       | D25 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T17 | D20 |   7 |
|       | D25 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | T18 | D20 |  42 |
|       | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
|       | D20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | T18 | D25 |  42 |
|       | D20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | T19 | T19 | D25 |  35 |
|       | D17 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T20 | T19 | D25 |   7 |

Master in, master out

You can also set both the check-in and checkout modes. For example, a master-in, master-out game would require a command of the form:

darts checkouts -i master -j master 501 501

When truncated from 1,262 lines representing more than 200,000 (!) possible checkouts, the output looks as follows:

| Score |         1 |         2 |         3 |         4 |         5 |         6 |         7 |         8 |         9 |       # |
|------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|----------:|--------:|
|   501 |         * |         * |         * |         * |         * |         * |         * |         * |         * | 223,026 |
|       |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |        T7 |       1 |
|       |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T19 | D12 /  T8 |      14 |
|       |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T18 |        T9 |       7 |
|       |       ... |       ... |       ... |       ... |       ... |       ... |       ... |       ... |       ... |     ... |
|       | D12 /  T8 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T19 |       2 |
|       | D12 /  T8 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T19 |       T20 |      14 |
|       |        T7 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       T20 |       1 |

2.1.4 Select the number of throws

The number of throws

By default, the darts checkouts subcommand does not fix the number of throws and finds ‘optimal’ checkouts. That is, this command finds checkouts with the minimum required number of darts. You can, however, use darts to fix the number of throws with the -n and --throws options. This option takes a non-negative integer as a parameter:

zero (0) does not fix the number of throws (default);
a non-zero, positive integer (1, 2, 3, etc.) fixes the number of throws.

The throw mode

Two different throw modes can be used if the number of throws is fixed. These throw modes are represented by the two values the -m and --throw-mode options can take:

optimal for finding only optimal checkouts (default);
fixed for finding all checkouts for a given number of throws.

Optimal

To find only the optimal checkouts with a fixed number of darts, pass the desired number to the -n or --throws option. The throw mode then takes its default value, optimal. For example:

darts checkouts -n 2 1 4

The resulting output is as follows:

| Score |  1 |  2 | # |
|------:|---:|---:|--:|
|     1 |  * |  * | 0 |
|     2 |  * |  * | 0 |
|     3 |  * |  * | 1 |
|       |  1 | D1 | 1 |
|     4 |  * |  * | 0 |

Here, only the checkouts that require two darts are found. Scores of 2 and 4 can be reached by hitting one double. Therefore, these checkouts are not shown.

Fixed

You can find all checkouts for a fixed number of darts by specifying that number and changing the -m or --throw-mode option from its default value to fixed. For example:

darts checkouts -n 2 -m fixed 1 4

The corresponding checkout table looks as follows:

| Score |       1 |       2 | # |
|------:|--------:|--------:|--:|
|     1 |       * |       * | 0 |
|     2 |       * |       * | 0 |
|     3 |       * |       * | 1 |
|       |       1 |      D1 | 1 |
|     4 |       * |       * | 2 |
|       |  2 / D1 |      D1 | 2 |

Note that the minimum two-dart score in a double-out game is 3. Therefore, no checkouts are shown for scores 1 and 2. Furthermore, a two-dart four-point checkout is shown even if a one-dart checkout exists. With the fixed-throw mode, all possible checkouts for a given number of darts are found.

2.1.5 Change the output format

The output format

By default, the darts checkouts subcommand creates checkout tables in the Markdown format. To change the output format, use the -o or --output option. The following output formats are supported:

Markdown for an easily readable Markdown table (default);
HTML for an HTML table for web pages;
JSON for a JSON object for computer processing;
string for output based on Java’s string representation of objects.

HTML

To generate an HTML checkout table, use a command like:

darts checkouts -o html 1 4

The output looks as follows:

<table>
  <tr class="h"><th>                             Score</th><th class="t">                        1</th><th class="t">                        2</th><th class="m">#</th></tr>
  <tr class="s"><th rowspan="1" scope="rowgroup">    1</th><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="m">0</td></tr>
  <tr class="s"><th rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">    2</th><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="m">1</td></tr>
  <tr class="c">                                           <td class="t"><span class="f">D1</span></td><td class="t"><span class="n"> -</span></td><td class="m">1</td></tr>
  <tr class="s"><th rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">    3</th><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="m">1</td></tr>
  <tr class="c">                                           <td class="t"><span class="f"> 1</span></td><td class="t"><span class="f">D1</span></td><td class="m">1</td></tr>
  <tr class="s"><th rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">    4</th><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="t"><span class="e"> *</span></td><td class="m">1</td></tr>
  <tr class="c">                                           <td class="t"><span class="f">D2</span></td><td class="t"><span class="n"> -</span></td><td class="m">1</td></tr>
</table>

Here, header cell elements (th) are used for column headers and cells with scores in the first column. The header cells with scores span multiple rows to correspond to all checkouts of that score. All checkout table elements have their own CSS class for (potential) custom styling. Specifically, the following classes are used:

h for the header row;
s for a score row;
c for a checkout row;
t for a cell in a throw column;
e for the content of a score-throw cell;
f for a dart field in a checkout-throw cell;
n for a missing dart field in a checkout-throw cell;
m for a cell in the multiplicity column.

Of course, classes can be renamed or dropped at will after retrieving the HTML output.

A command containing one or more of the following lines can be used to sanitize the HTML output:

darts checkouts -o html 1 4 \
  `# Remove superfluous whitespace` \
  | sed -r "s|> +|>|g" \
  `# Remove all class attributes` \
  | sed "s| class=\"\\w\"||g" \
  `# Remove all span tags` \
  | sed -r "s|</span><span( class=\"\\w\")?>| / |g" \
  | sed -r "s|</?span( class=\"\\w\")?>||g"

This command has the following output:

<table>
  <tr><th>Score</th><th>1</th><th>2</th><th>#</th></tr>
  <tr><th rowspan="1" scope="rowgroup">1</th><td>*</td><td>*</td><td>0</td></tr>
  <tr><th rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">2</th><td>*</td><td>*</td><td>1</td></tr>
  <tr><td>D1</td><td>-</td><td>1</td></tr>
  <tr><th rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">3</th><td>*</td><td>*</td><td>1</td></tr>
  <tr><td>1</td><td>D1</td><td>1</td></tr>
  <tr><th rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">4</th><td>*</td><td>*</td><td>1</td></tr>
  <tr><td>D2</td><td>-</td><td>1</td></tr>
</table>

JSON

Markdown and HTML tables are not very suitable for computer processing. To obtain a JSON object that contains all checkouts for a range of scores, use a command like:

darts checkouts -o json 1 4

The output looks as follows:

{
    "1": {
        "multiplicity": 0,
        "checkouts": [
        ]
    },
    "2": {
        "multiplicity": 1,
        "checkouts": [
            {
                "throws": [
                    [
                        "D1"
                    ]
                ],
                "multiplicity": 1
            }
        ]
    },
    "3": {
        "multiplicity": 1,
        "checkouts": [
            {
                "throws": [
                    [
                        "1"
                    ],
                    [
                        "D1"
                    ]
                ],
                "multiplicity": 1
            }
        ]
    },
    "4": {
        "multiplicity": 1,
        "checkouts": [
            {
                "throws": [
                    [
                        "D2"
                    ]
                ],
                "multiplicity": 1
            }
        ]
    }
}

String

darts can also print checkout tables as a string showing the internal representation of the used Java objects. Since this feature mainly exists for debugging, it is not discussed further here.

2.1.6 Change the dartboard

The dartboard type

By default, the darts checkouts subcommand generates checkout tables for the London dartboard. You can change the dartboard type using the -b and --board options. This option has the following possible values:

London for the London dartboard (default);
Quadro for the Quadro 240 board;
Yorkshire for the Yorkshire dartboard.

Quadro

The Quadro 240 board is a dartboard with quadruple fields in addition to the usual single, double and triple fields (see Print a dartboard). The following command can be used to generate a checkout table for a double-out darts game using this board:

darts checkouts -b quadro 501 501

The resulting output shows there are six seven-dart checkouts with a Quadro board for a score of 501 points:

| Score |   1 |   2 |   3 |   4 |   5 |   6 |   7 | # |
|------:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|----:|--:|
|   501 |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * |   * | 6 |
|       | Q20 | Q20 | Q20 | Q20 | Q20 | T17 | D25 | 6 |

Yorkshire

darts also supports the legacy Yorkshire dartboard. This dartboard has no single bull or triple fields (see Print a dartboard). To find checkouts for games with the Yorkshire board, use a command like:

darts checkouts -b yorkshire 20 21

The resulting (truncated) checkout table is:

| Score |   1 |   2 |  # |
|------:|----:|----:|---:|
|    20 |   * |   * |  1 |
|       | D10 |   - |  1 |
|    21 |   * |   * | 10 |
|       |  19 |  D1 |  1 |
|       |  17 |  D2 |  1 |
|       | ... | ... | .. |
|       |   3 |  D9 |  1 |
|       |   1 | D10 |  1 |

2.1.7 Change the checkout finder

The checkout finder type

By default, the darts checkouts subcommand uses an optimized descending checkout finder. The darts toolbox, however, also provides a Cartesian checkout finder, which uses a brute-force method to find checkouts and sorts results differently. If you want to change the checkout finder, use the -f or --finder option, which supports the following values:

descending for an optimized descending checkout finder (default);
Cartesian for a brute-force Cartesian checkout finder.

Cartesian

To use the Cartesian checkout finder, execute a command like:

darts checkouts -f cartesian 20 21

The resulting checkout table looks as follows:

| Score |   1 |   2 |  # |
|------:|----:|----:|---:|
|    20 |   * |   * |  1 |
|       | D10 |   - |  1 |
|    21 |   * |   * | 13 |
|       |   1 | D10 |  1 |
|       |   3 |  D9 |  1 |
|       |  T1 |  D9 |  1 |
|       | ... | ... | .. |
|       |  T5 |  D3 |  1 |
|       |  17 |  D2 |  1 |
|       |  19 |  D1 |  1 |

Checkout tables generated using the Cartesian checkout finder look different than tables produced by the descending checkout finder. With the Cartesian checkout finder, checkouts for a given score are sorted by throw score (in ascending order) and type (single, double, triple, quadruple). Additionally, checkouts are not summarized. That is, each possible checkout is represented using its own row. Consequently, checkout tables can become very long when many checkouts exist.

The Cartesian checkout finder looks for checkouts with a brute-force method that scans all possible combinations of available dartboard fields. Therefore, this checkout finder tends to be slow for scores that require more than five darts.

2.2 Print a dartboard

2.2.1 Choose the dartboard

In addition to generating checkout tables, darts can print the dartboards it supports. To that end, use the darts boards subcommand and supply it with the dartboard type.

The dartboard type

The three types of supported dartboards are designated using the following parameters:

London for the London dartboard;
Quadro for the Quadro 240 board;
Yorkshire for the Yorkshire dartboard.

London

To see which fields the London dartboard consists of, use the command:

darts boards london

The output, which is truncated for brevity, looks as follows:

|   S |   D |   T |
|----:|----:|----:|
|   1 |  D1 |  T1 |
|   2 |  D2 |  T2 |
|   3 |  D3 |  T3 |
| ... | ... | ... |
|  19 | D19 | T19 |
|  20 | D20 | T20 |
|  25 | D25 |   - |

Quadro

Similarly, the Quadro 240 board can be inspected using the command:

darts boards quadro

The output of this command looks similar to:

|   S |   D |   T |   Q |
|----:|----:|----:|----:|
|   1 |  D1 |  T1 |  Q1 |
|   2 |  D2 |  T2 |  Q2 |
|   3 |  D3 |  T3 |  Q3 |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
|  19 | D19 | T19 | Q19 |
|  20 | D20 | T20 | Q20 |
|  25 | D25 |   - |   - |

As can be observed, the Quadro board is a dartboard with quadruple fields in addition to the usual single, double and triple fields.

Yorkshire

The Yorkshire board can be printed with the following command:

darts boards yorkshire

This dartboard has no single bull and no triple fields:

|   S |   D |
|----:|----:|
|   1 |  D1 |
|   2 |  D2 |
|   3 |  D3 |
| ... | ... |
|  19 | D19 |
|  20 | D20 |
|   - | D25 |

2.2.2 Change the output format

The output format

By default, the darts boards subcommand prints dartboards as a Markdown table. The output format can be changed using the -o and --output options. The following output formats are supported:

Markdown for an easily readable Markdown table (default);
HTML for an HTML table for web pages;
JSON for a JSON object for computer processing;
string for output based on Java’s string representation of objects.

HTML

The following command shows how the darts boards subcommand can generate HTML output:

darts boards -o html london

The (truncated) output looks as follows:

<table>
  <tr><th>  S</th><th>  D</th><th>  T</th></tr>
  <tr><td>  1</td><td> D1</td><td> T1</td></tr>
  <tr><td>  2</td><td> D2</td><td> T2</td></tr>
  <tr><td>  3</td><td> D3</td><td> T3</td></tr>
  <tr><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
  <tr><td> 19</td><td>D19</td><td>T19</td></tr>
  <tr><td> 20</td><td>D20</td><td>T20</td></tr>
  <tr><td> 25</td><td>D25</td><td>  -</td></tr>
</table>

JSON

To retrieve a dartboard in the JSON format, use a command like:

darts boards -o json london

The output is of the following form:

{
    "singles": [
        "1",
        "2",
        // ...
        "20",
        "25"
    ],
    "doubles": [
        "D1",
        "D2",
        // ...
        "D20",
        "D25"
    ],
    "triples": [
        "T1",
        "T2",
        // ...
        "T19",
        "T20"
    ]
}

String

Dartboards can also be printed as a string showing the internals of the used Java objects. This feature mainly exists for debugging purposes and is not discussed further here.

2.3 Get help

In addition to consulting the online documentation, one can request command-line help from darts itself.

2.3.1 General command-line help

To receive general information about darts or to see which subcommands are available, execute:

darts

Alternatively, run any of the following commands: darts help, darts -h or darts --help.

darts then returns the following information:

darts -- A computational toolbox aimed at the game of darts

Usage: darts [-hV] [COMMAND]

Determine all possible darts checkouts and generate checkout tables for any
range of scores.

  darts checkouts 20 21
  darts checkouts -i double -j double 501 501
  darts checkouts -o html 1 4
  darts checkouts -b quadro 901 901

Print one of the supported dartboards.

  darts boards london
  darts boards -o json quadro

Options:
  -h, --help      Show this help message and exit.
  -V, --version   Print version information and exit.

Commands:
  help       Display help information about the specified command.
  boards     Print a dartboard.
  checkouts  Generate a darts checkout table.

Online documentation:
  https://mauritssilvis.nl/software/darts/cli/java-darts-cli

Copyright © 2023 Maurits Silvis
SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later

2.3.2 `darts checkouts` command-line help

You can receive help with the darts checkouts subcommand by executing:

darts checkouts

Otherwise, execute darts help checkouts, darts checkouts -h or darts checkouts --help.

The corresponding (truncated) output looks as follows:

Generate a darts checkout table.

Usage: darts checkouts [-hV] [-b=<board>] [-i=<check-in>] [-j=<checkout>]
                       [-n=<throws>] [-m=<throw mode>] [-f=<finder>]
                       [-o=<output>] <minimum> <maximum>

Determine all possible darts checkouts and generate checkout tables for any
range of scores.

  darts checkouts 20 21
  darts checkouts -i double -j double 501 501
  darts checkouts -o html 1 4
  darts checkouts -b quadro 901 901

Parameters:
      <minimum>           The minimum score that should be part of the checkout
                            table.
      <maximum>           The maximum score that should be part of the checkout
                            table.

Options:
  -b, --board=<board>     The dartboard type. Supported values: London, Quadro,
                            Yorkshire.
                            Default: London
  -f, --finder=<finder>   The checkout finder type. Supported values:
                            descending, Cartesian.
                            Default: descending
  -h, --help              Show this help message and exit.
  -i, --check-in=<check-in>
                          The check-in mode. Supported values: any, master,
                            double.
                            Default: any
  -j, --checkout=<checkout>
                          The checkout mode. Supported values: any, master,
                            double.
                            Default: double
  -m, --throw-mode=<throw mode>
                          The throw mode. Supported values: optimal, fixed. The
                            latter value only applies when the number of throws
                            is fixed.
                            Default: optimal
  -n, --throws=<throws>   The number of throws. Set this value to find
                            checkouts with a fixed number of throws.
                            Default: 0
  -o, --output=<output>   The output format. Supported values: Markdown, JSON,
                            HTML, string.
                            Default: Markdown
  -V, --version           Print version information and exit.

...

2.3.3 `darts boards` command-line help

The darts boards subcommand returns help when it is not passed (valid) parameters:

darts boards

It is also possible to run darts help boards, darts boards -h or darts boards --help.

These commands return the following (truncated) output:

Print a dartboard.

Usage: darts boards [-hV] [-o=<output>] <board>

Print one of the supported dartboards.

  darts boards london
  darts boards -o json quadro

Parameters:
      <board>             The dartboard type. Supported values: London, Quadro,
                            Yorkshire.

Options:
  -h, --help              Show this help message and exit.
  -o, --output=<output>   The output format. Supported values: Markdown, JSON,
                            HTML, string.
                            Default: Markdown
  -V, --version           Print version information and exit.

...

3. Troubleshooting

3.1 Installation

3.1.1 The `install` command was not found

While trying to install darts, you may encounter the following errors:

install: command not found

'install' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program
or batch file.

install : The term 'install' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet,
function, script file, or operable program.

install: missing file operand
Try 'install --help' for more information.

./install: No such file or directory

To solve these problems, take the following steps:

Ensure you navigated to the folder containing the darts installation scripts, install and install.bat.
- If you downloaded the Java darts CLI code, these scripts can be found in the extracted folder.
- If you downloaded the full darts code, these scripts can be found in the cli/java-darts-cli folder.
Prefix the install command with ./ (Bash) or .\ (PowerShell) before execution.

3.1.2 Java was not installed or found

While installing or executing darts, you may encounter the following errors:

JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.

JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: ...

To solve these problems, follow the instructions for installing Java 21+.

3.1.3 The `darts` toolbox was not built

While executing darts, you may encounter the following errors:

Error: Could not find or load main class nl.mauritssilvis.darts.java.cli.DartsApp
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: nl.mauritssilvis.darts.java.cli.DartsApp

Error occurred during initialization of boot layer
java.lang.module.FindException: Module nl.mauritssilvis.darts.java.cli not found

To solve these problems, install the darts toolbox.

3.1.4 Java is not up-to-date

While executing darts, you may encounter the following errors:

Error: LinkageError occurred while loading main class nl.mauritssilvis.darts.java.cli.DartsApp
        java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: nl/mauritssilvis/darts/java/cli/DartsApp
        has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class
        file version ...), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes
        class file versions up to ...

Error occurred during initialization of boot layer
java.lang.module.FindException: Error reading module: ...lib/java-darts-cli-....jar
Caused by: java.lang.module.InvalidModuleDescriptorException: Unsupported
major.minor version ...

To solve these problems, follow the instructions for installing Java 21+.

3.1.5 Installing `darts` failed

While installing darts, you may encounter other errors than those listed above. Such errors may contain a Gradle failure message like:

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
...
BUILD FAILED in ...s
...

Should the Gradle build fail, please report an issue and document the error and how it can be reproduced.

3.2 Execution

3.2.1 The `darts` command was not found

While trying to execute darts, you may encounter the following errors:

darts: command not found

'darts' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program
or batch file.

darts : The term 'darts' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function,
script file, or operable program.

./darts: No such file or directory

To solve these problems, take the following steps:

Install darts by following the installation instructions.
Ensure you navigated to the folder containing the darts installation scripts, install and install.bat.
- If you downloaded the Java darts CLI code, these scripts can be found in the extracted folder.
- If you downloaded the full darts code, these scripts can be found in the cli/java-darts-cli folder.
Navigate to the bin folder.
Prefix the darts command with ./ (Bash) or .\ (PowerShell) before execution.

3.2.2 Missing required subcommand

While executing darts, you may encounter the following error:

Missing required subcommand

To solve this problem, execute darts with a subcommand:

darts checkouts for generating a darts checkout table.
darts boards for printing a dartboard.
darts help for getting help.

3.2.3 Unmatched argument

While executing darts, you may encounter the following errors:

Unmatched argument at index 0: 'board'

Unmatched argument at index 0: 'checkout'

To solve these problems, use one of the existing subcommands of darts:

darts checkouts for generating a darts checkout table.
darts boards for printing a dartboard.
darts help for getting help.

3.2.4 Missing required `minimum` or `maximum` parameters

While executing the darts checkouts subcommand, you may encounter the following errors:

Missing required parameters: '<minimum>', '<maximum>'

Missing required parameter: '<maximum>'

To solve these problems, choose the scores for which you want to generate a checkout table.

3.2.5 Missing required `board` parameter

While executing the darts boards subcommand, you may encounter the following error:

Missing required parameter: '<board>'

To solve this problem, specify the dartboard you would like to print.

3.2.6 Invalid value

While executing the darts checkouts or darts boards subcommands, you may encounter the following errors:

Invalid value for positional parameter at index ...: '...' is not an int

Invalid value for option '...': expected one of ... but was '...'

Invalid value for positional parameter at index ...: expected one of ... but was '...'

To solve these problems, choose valid parameters from the usage instructions.

3.2.7 Missing required option parameter

While executing the darts checkouts or darts boards subcommands, you may encounter the following error:

Missing required parameter for option '...'

To solve this problem, choose a valid option parameter from the usage instructions.

3.2.8 Unknown option

While executing the darts checkouts or darts boards subcommands, you may encounter the following error:

Unknown option: '...'

To solve this problem, choose an existing subcommand option from the usage instructions.

License

This source code package is subject to the terms and conditions defined in the GNU General Public License v3.0 or later.

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Java darts CLI

Introduction

1. Installation

1.1 Install Java 21+

1.2 Install darts

1.2.1 Command execution

Unix-like systems

Windows

1.2.2 Troubleshooting

2. Usage

2.1 Generate a darts checkout table

2.1.1 Choose the scores

2.1.2 Default parameters

2.1.3 Change the game mode

The checkout mode

Any out

Master out

The check-in mode

Double in

Master in, master out

2.1.4 Select the number of throws

The number of throws

The throw mode

Optimal

Fixed

2.1.5 Change the output format

The output format

HTML

JSON

String

2.1.6 Change the dartboard

The dartboard type

Quadro

Yorkshire

2.1.7 Change the checkout finder

The checkout finder type

Cartesian

2.2 Print a dartboard

2.2.1 Choose the dartboard

The dartboard type

London

Quadro

Yorkshire

2.2.2 Change the output format

The output format

HTML

JSON

String

2.3 Get help

2.3.1 General command-line help

2.3.2 darts checkouts command-line help

2.3.3 darts boards command-line help

3. Troubleshooting

3.1 Installation

3.1.1 The install command was not found

3.1.2 Java was not installed or found

3.1.3 The darts toolbox was not built

3.1.4 Java is not up-to-date

3.1.5 Installing darts failed

3.2 Execution

3.2.1 The darts command was not found

3.2.2 Missing required subcommand

3.2.3 Unmatched argument

3.2.4 Missing required minimum or maximum parameters

3.2.5 Missing required board parameter

3.2.6 Invalid value

3.2.7 Missing required option parameter

3.2.8 Unknown option

License

1.2 Install `darts`

2.3.2 `darts checkouts` command-line help

2.3.3 `darts boards` command-line help

3.1.1 The `install` command was not found

3.1.3 The `darts` toolbox was not built

3.1.5 Installing `darts` failed

3.2.1 The `darts` command was not found

3.2.4 Missing required `minimum` or `maximum` parameters

3.2.5 Missing required `board` parameter