structs.c

// Easy Programs










// Struct with Pointers
// Create a struct Node representing a node in a linked list. Write a program to implement basic operations like insertion and traversal in a singly linked list using the struct.

// File Handling with Structs
// Write a program to store the details of books (title, author, price) in a file using a struct. Then, read the details back and display them.

// Union vs. Struct
// Define a struct and a union both containing an int, float, and char. Write a program to demonstrate the memory differences between the struct and the union.

// Struct with Functions
// Define a struct Rectangle with fields length and breadth. Write functions to calculate the area and perimeter of the rectangle using the struct.

// Binary Search with Structs
// Create a struct Employee with fields id, name, and salary. Write a program to perform a binary search on an array of Employee structs based on the id.

// Struct with Bit Fields
// Define a struct Flags with bit fields to represent options like is_admin, is_active, and is_verified. Write a program to demonstrate how to set and check these flags.

// Complex Numbers Using Structs
// Create a struct Complex with fields real and imaginary. Write functions to add, subtract, multiply, and divide two complex numbers.

// Inventory Management System
// Use a struct to represent an item in an inventory with fields like item_id, name, quantity, and price. Write a program to manage the inventory (add, delete, search, and update items).



// Basic Struct Definition and Access
// Define a struct Person with fields name, age, and gender. Write a program to input and display the details of a person.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
// struct Person{
//     char name[20];
//     int age;
//     char gender;
// };
// int main(){
//     printf("Enter Name, age and gender\n");
//     struct Person p1;
//     gets(p1.name);

//     // fflush(stdin);
//     scanf("%d", &p1.age);
//     fflush(stdin);
//     scanf("%c",&p1.gender);
//     fflush(stdin);
//     printf("\nName: %s\nAge: %d\nGender: %c", p1.name,p1.age,p1.gender);

// }


// Struct Array
// Create an array of structs to store details of 5 students (name, roll number, and marks). Print the details.
// struct Student{
//     char name[20];
//     int rn;
//     float marks;
// };
// int main(){
//     struct Student s[5];
//     int i;
//     printf("Enter Name, Roll, and Marks of 5 students\n");
//     for(i=0;i<5;i++){
//         gets(s[i].name);
//         scanf("%d",&s[i].rn);
//         scanf("%f",&s[i].marks);
//         fflush(stdin);
//     }
//     for(i=0;i<5;i++){
//         printf("\nName: %s, Roll# %d, Marks: %.2f \n", s[i].name, s[i].rn, s[i].marks);
//     }

// }


// Struct as Function Parameter
// Write a program to pass a struct to a function and display its contents.
// struct Student{
//     char name[20];
//     int age;
// };
// void printStruct(struct Student* s){
//     printf("Name:%s\nAge:%d", (*s).name,s->age);
// }
// int main(){
//     struct Student s;
//     strcpy(s.name,"Chaitanya Mishra");
//     s.age=27;

//     printStruct(&s);

// }


// Nested Structs
// Create a struct Address with fields street, city, and zip. Create another struct Person containing name, 
// age, and an Address field. Write a program to display a person's details including their address.
// struct Address{
//     char street[50];
//     char city[20];
//     int zip;
// };
// struct Person{
//     char name[20];
//     int age;
//     struct Address *a;
// } p1;
// int main(){
//     p1.a = (struct Address*)malloc(sizeof(struct Address));
//     strcpy(p1.a->street,"Radha Soami Satsang Beas Road");
//     strcpy(p1.a->city,"Lucknow");
//     p1.a->zip = 226010;

//     strcpy(p1.name,"Chaitanya Mishra");
//     p1.age=28;
//     printf("Details of %s:\n", p1.name);
//     printf("%s, %s - %d", p1.a->street, p1.a->street, p1.a->zip);
//     printf("\nAge:%d",p1.age);
//     free(p1.a);
// }




// Comparison of Two Structs
// Define a struct Point with fields x and y. Write a function to compare two Point structs for equality.
// struct Points{
//     int x;
//     int y;
// };
// int main(){
//     struct Points p1;
//     struct Points p2;

//     int i;
//     printf("Enter the point 1: X and Y\n");
//     scanf("%d",&p1.x);
//     scanf("%d",&p1.y);
//     printf("Enter the point 2 X and Y\n");
//     scanf("%d",&p2.x);
//     scanf("%d",&p2.y);

//     if(p1.x==p2.x && p2.y==p1.y){
//         printf("They are smae points");
//     }
//     else printf("Different");

// }

// Intermediate Programs
// Dynamic Memory Allocation with Structs
// Create a struct Employee with fields name, id, and salary. Dynamically allocate memory for an array of Employee structs and populate it
//  with user input.

// struct Employee{
//     char name[20];
//     int id;
//     float salary;
// };
// int main(){
//     struct Employee e1;
//     struct Employee *e2;
//     e1.id=1000;
//     e2 = (struct Employee *)calloc(5,sizeof(struct Employee));
//     if(e2==NULL){
//         printf("Memory allocation failed");
//         exit(1);
//     }
//     int i;
//     for(i=0;i<5;i++){
//         e2[i].id=e1.id+(i*10);
//         strcpy(e2[i].name,("Chaitanya Mishra"));
//         e2[i].salary=9000000+(i*100)+i*2;
//     }
//     for(i=0;i<5;i++){
//         printf("ID: %d, Name: %s, Salary: %.2f\n", e2[i].id, e2[i].name, e2[i].salary);
//     }
//     free(e2);

// }


// Sorting an Array of Structs
// Define a struct Student with fields name, roll_number, and marks. Write a program to sort an array of Student structs based on marks.

// struct Students{
//     char name[20];
//     int roll_number;
//     int marks;
// };
// void sortStudents(struct Students s[],int size){
//     int i;
//     for(i=0;i<size;i++){
//         for(int j=0;j<size;j++){
//             if(s[j].marks<s[i].marks){
//                 struct Students temp=s[i];
//                 s[i]=s[j];
//                 s[j]=temp;
//             }
//         }
//     }
//     for(i=0;i<size;i++){
//         printf("Name: %s, Roll#: %d, Marks: %d \n", s[i].name,s[i].roll_number, s[i].marks);
//     }
// }

// int main(){
//     int i,j;
//     // struct Students students[5];
//     struct Students students[5] = {
//         {"Chaitanya Mishra", 101, 88.5},
//         {"Ananya Verma", 102, 91.2},
//         {"Rahul Sharma", 103, 76.4},
//         {"Sneha Gupta", 104, 85.0},
//         {"Aarav Singh", 105, 92.3}
//     };

//     int size = sizeof(students)/sizeof(students[0]);
//     sortStudents(students,size);

// }




// #include <stdio.h>
// #include <stdlib.h>

// // Template code
// int** twoDimArray(int row, int col) 
// {
//     int **arr=(int **)malloc(sizeof(int)*row);
    
// }
// int main()
// {   
//     int i,j;
//     int row,col;
//     scanf("%d", &row);
//     scanf("%d", &col);
//     int **p = twoDimArray(row, col);
//     for(i=0;i<row;i++)
//     {   
//         for(j=0;j<col;j++)
//         {
//             printf("%d ",*(*(p + i) + j));
//         }
//         printf("\n");
//     }
// }

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
// // int main(){
// //     FILE *fptr;
// //     fptr = fopen("notes.txt","w");
// //     if(fptr==NULL){
// //         printf("Cannot be done!");
// //         exit(1);
// //     }
// //     int i;
// //     char str[50];
// //     gets(str);
// //     for(i=0;i<strlen(str);i++){
// //         fputc(str[i],fptr);
// //     }
// //     fclose(fptr);
// //     return 0;
// // }

// int countString(){
//     char str[15];
//     fgets(str,15,stdin);
//    if (strchr(str, '\n')) {
//         str[strlen(str) - 1] = '\0';
//     }
    
//     FILE *fptr;
//     fptr=fopen("notes.txt","r");
//     if(fptr==NULL){
//         exit(1);
//     }
//     char strC[15];
    
//     fgets(strC,15,fptr);
//     int count = 0;
//     int lenStr = strlen(str);
//     int lenStrC = strlen(strC);

//     // Loop to check for occurrences of strC in str
//     for (int i = 0; i <= lenStr - lenStrC; i++) {
//         int j = 0;
//         while (j < lenStrC && str[i + j] == strC[j]) {
//             j++;
//         }
//         if (j == lenStrC) {
//             count++;  // Found a match
//         }
//     }
//     printf("%s:%s:%d",strC,str,count);
//     fclose(fptr);
// }
// int main(){
//     countString();
// }


// int main(){
//     FILE *fptr;
//     int a,b;
//     scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
//     printf("Sum of %d and %d is %d",a,b,a+b);
//     fptr=fopen("notes.txt","w");
//     // int a,b;
//     fscanf(fptr,"%d%d",&a,&b);
//     printf("%d",a,b);
//     fclose(fptr);
// }