diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index 55d0869ea..16e8a09b6 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -61,5 +61,5 @@ LazyData: yes
 Encoding: UTF-8
 ByteCompile: yes
 Version: 1.1.3
-RoxygenNote: 6.0.1
+RoxygenNote: 6.1.1
 VignetteBuilder: knitr
diff --git a/NAMESPACE b/NAMESPACE
index 390bc12d5..df1154ad4 100644
--- a/NAMESPACE
+++ b/NAMESPACE
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ export(renderExampleRunPlot)
 export(setMBOControlInfill)
 export(setMBOControlMultiObj)
 export(setMBOControlMultiPoint)
+export(setMBOControlNoisy)
 export(setMBOControlTermination)
 export(trafoLog)
 export(trafoSqrt)
diff --git a/R/SMBO.R b/R/SMBO.R
index 89caad62f..0839efaa5 100644
--- a/R/SMBO.R
+++ b/R/SMBO.R
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ initSMBO = function(par.set, design, learner = NULL, control, minimize = rep(TRU
 #'   Outcome of the optimization.
 #'   For multiple results use a list.
 #'   For a result of a multi-objective function use a numeric vector.
+#'   For multiple results of for noisy instances use a list.
+#'   Each list element should correspond to one x value.
 #'
 #' @return [\code{\link{OptState}}]
 #' @export
diff --git a/R/evalTargetFun.R b/R/evalTargetFun.R
index 3f79fb118..d9deb9d59 100644
--- a/R/evalTargetFun.R
+++ b/R/evalTargetFun.R
@@ -25,36 +25,79 @@ evalTargetFun.OptState = function(opt.state, xs, extras) {
   # short names and so on
   nevals = length(xs)
   ny = control$n.objectives
-  num.format = control$output.num.format
-  num.format.string = paste("%s = ", num.format, sep = "")
-  dobs = ensureVector(asInteger(getOptStateLoop(opt.state)), n = nevals, cl = "integer")
   imputeY = control$impute.y.fun
 
   # trafo X points
   xs.trafo = lapply(xs, trafoValue, par = par.set)
 
   # function to measure of fun call
-    wrapFun = function(x) {
-      st = proc.time()
-      y = do.call(getOptProblemFun(opt.problem), insert(list(x = x), getOptProblemMoreArgs(opt.problem)))
-      user.extras = list()
+  wrapFun = function(x) {
+    st = proc.time()
+    y = do.call(getOptProblemFun(opt.problem), insert(list(x = x), getOptProblemMoreArgs(opt.problem)))
+    user.extras = list()
       # here we extract additional stuff which the user wants to log in the opt path
-      if (hasAttributes(y, "extras")) {
-        user.extras = attr(y, "extras")
-        y = setAttribute(y, "extras", NULL)
-      }
-      st = proc.time() - st
-      list(y = y, time = st[3], user.extras = user.extras)
+    if (hasAttributes(y, "extras")) {
+      user.extras = attr(y, "extras")
+      y = setAttribute(y, "extras", NULL)
     }
+    if (!is.null(control$noisy.instance.param) && !is.na(control$noisy.instance.param) && !control$noisy.self.replicating) {
+      user.extras = c(user.extras, x[control$noisy.instance.param])
+    }
+    st = proc.time() - st
+    list(y = y, time = st[3], user.extras = user.extras)
+  }
 
   # do we have a valid y object?
   isYValid = function(y) {
-    !is.error(y) && testNumeric(y, len = ny, any.missing = FALSE, finite = TRUE)
+    if (!isTRUE(control$noisy.self.replicating)) {
+      len = NULL
+    } else {
+      len = ny
+    }
+    !is.error(y) && testNumeric(y, len = len, any.missing = FALSE, finite = TRUE)
   }
 
   # return error objects if we impute
-  res = parallelMap(wrapFun, xs.trafo, level = "mlrMBO.feval",
-    impute.error = if (is.null(imputeY)) NULL else identity)
+  res = parallelMap(wrapFun, xs.trafo, level = "mlrMBO.feval", impute.error = if (is.null(imputeY)) NULL else identity)
+
+  # handle noisy instances
+  if (isTRUE(control$noisy.self.replicating)) {
+    nevals.each = lengths(extractSubList(res, "y", simplify = FALSE))
+    nevals = sum(nevals.each)
+
+    # replications for opt path stuff
+    repVec = function(x, fun = replicate) {
+      unlist(Map(fun, nevals.each, x, simplify = FALSE), recursive = FALSE)
+    }
+    xs = repVec(xs)
+    xs.trafo = repVec(xs.trafo)
+
+    #set extras to NA that are only important for the first point
+    setNAfun = function(n, xs, ...) {
+      res = replicate(n = n, expr = xs, ...)
+      res[-1] = lapply(res[-1], function(x) {
+        x[c("train.time", "error.model", "propose.time")] = NA
+        x
+      })
+      res
+    }
+    extras = repVec(extras, setNAfun)
+
+    # handle result list
+    res = lapply(res, function(r) {
+      if (is.error(r)) {
+        rep(list(r), control$noisy.instances)
+      } else {
+        lapply(seq_along(r$y), function(i) {
+          list(y = r$y[i], time = r$time / length(r$y), user.extras = c(r$user.extras, setNames(list(i), control$noisy.instance.param)))
+        })
+      }
+    })
+    res = unlist(res, recursive = FALSE)
+  }
+
+  num.format.string = paste("%s = ", control$output.num.format, sep = "")
+  dobs = ensureVector(asInteger(getOptStateLoop(opt.state)), n = nevals, cl = "integer")
 
   # loop evals and to some post-processing
   for (i in seq_len(nevals)) {
@@ -92,7 +135,7 @@ evalTargetFun.OptState = function(opt.state, xs, extras) {
     # showInfo - use the trafo'd value here!
     showInfo(getOptProblemShowInfo(opt.problem), "[mbo] %i: %s : %s : %.1f secs%s : %s",
       dob,
-      paramValueToString(par.set, x.trafo, num.format = num.format),
+      paramValueToString(par.set, x.trafo, num.format = control$output.num.format),
       collapse(sprintf(num.format.string, control$y.name, y2), ", "),
       ytime,
       ifelse(y.valid, "", " (imputed)"),
diff --git a/R/setMBOControlNoisy.R b/R/setMBOControlNoisy.R
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..91383f81b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/R/setMBOControlNoisy.R
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#' @title Set multipoint proposal options.
+#' @description
+#' Extends an MBO control object with options for multipoint proposal.
+#' @template arg_control
+#' @param self.replicating [\code{logical(1)}]\cr
+#'   TRUE if the function returns a vector of noisy results for one input. Then \code{instances} specifies the length of the result we expect.
+#' @return [\code{\link{MBOControl}}].
+#' @family MBOControl
+#' @export
+setMBOControlNoisy = function(control, self.replicating) {
+
+  assertClass(control, "MBOControl")
+
+  control$noisy.self.replicating = assertFlag(self.replicating %??% control$noisy.self.replicating %??% TRUE, na.ok = FALSE)
+  control$noisy.instance.param = "noisy.repl"
+
+  return(control)
+}
diff --git a/man/makeMBOControl.Rd b/man/makeMBOControl.Rd
index 55847a818..a93f06d45 100644
--- a/man/makeMBOControl.Rd
+++ b/man/makeMBOControl.Rd
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
 \usage{
 makeMBOControl(n.objectives = 1L, propose.points = 1L,
   final.method = "best.true.y", final.evals = 0L, y.name = "y",
-  impute.y.fun = NULL, trafo.y.fun = NULL, suppress.eval.errors = TRUE,
-  save.on.disk.at = integer(0L), save.on.disk.at.time = Inf,
-  save.file.path = file.path(getwd(), "mlr_run.RData"),
-  store.model.at = NULL, resample.at = integer(0),
+  impute.y.fun = NULL, trafo.y.fun = NULL,
+  suppress.eval.errors = TRUE, save.on.disk.at = integer(0L),
+  save.on.disk.at.time = Inf, save.file.path = file.path(getwd(),
+  "mlr_run.RData"), store.model.at = NULL, resample.at = integer(0),
   resample.desc = makeResampleDesc("CV", iter = 10),
   resample.measures = list(mse), output.num.format = "\%.3g",
   on.surrogate.error = "stop")
@@ -120,5 +120,7 @@ Creates a control object for MBO optimization.
 Other MBOControl: \code{\link{setMBOControlInfill}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiObj}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiPoint}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlNoisy}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlTermination}}
 }
+\concept{MBOControl}
diff --git a/man/plotMBOResult.Rd b/man/plotMBOResult.Rd
index 54d88ea4b..30c679486 100644
--- a/man/plotMBOResult.Rd
+++ b/man/plotMBOResult.Rd
@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@
 \alias{plot.MBOMultiObjResult}
 \title{MBO Result Plotting}
 \usage{
-\method{plot}{MBOSingleObjResult}(x, iters = NULL, pause = interactive(),
-  ...)
+\method{plot}{MBOSingleObjResult}(x, iters = NULL,
+  pause = interactive(), ...)
 
-\method{plot}{MBOMultiObjResult}(x, iters = NULL, pause = interactive(),
-  ...)
+\method{plot}{MBOMultiObjResult}(x, iters = NULL,
+  pause = interactive(), ...)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{x}{[\code{MBOResult}]\cr
diff --git a/man/renderExampleRunPlot.Rd b/man/renderExampleRunPlot.Rd
index de888f594..c368bf75f 100644
--- a/man/renderExampleRunPlot.Rd
+++ b/man/renderExampleRunPlot.Rd
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ exampleRunMultiObj objects.}
 \usage{
 renderExampleRunPlot(object, iter, densregion = TRUE, se.factor = 1,
   single.prop.point.plots = FALSE, xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL,
-  point.size = 3, line.size = 1, trafo = NULL, colors = c("red", "blue",
-  "green"), ...)
+  point.size = 3, line.size = 1, trafo = NULL, colors = c("red",
+  "blue", "green"), ...)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{object}{[\code{function}]\cr
diff --git a/man/setMBOControlInfill.Rd b/man/setMBOControlInfill.Rd
index b6ccc585a..68f911a83 100644
--- a/man/setMBOControlInfill.Rd
+++ b/man/setMBOControlInfill.Rd
@@ -4,15 +4,17 @@
 \alias{setMBOControlInfill}
 \title{Extends mbo control object with infill criteria and infill optimizer options.}
 \usage{
-setMBOControlInfill(control, crit = NULL, interleave.random.points = 0L,
-  filter.proposed.points = NULL, filter.proposed.points.tol = NULL,
-  opt = "focussearch", opt.restarts = NULL, opt.focussearch.maxit = NULL,
+setMBOControlInfill(control, crit = NULL,
+  interleave.random.points = 0L, filter.proposed.points = NULL,
+  filter.proposed.points.tol = NULL, opt = "focussearch",
+  opt.restarts = NULL, opt.focussearch.maxit = NULL,
   opt.focussearch.points = NULL, opt.cmaes.control = NULL,
   opt.ea.maxit = NULL, opt.ea.mu = NULL, opt.ea.sbx.eta = NULL,
   opt.ea.sbx.p = NULL, opt.ea.pm.eta = NULL, opt.ea.pm.p = NULL,
   opt.ea.lambda = NULL, opt.nsga2.popsize = NULL,
   opt.nsga2.generations = NULL, opt.nsga2.cprob = NULL,
-  opt.nsga2.cdist = NULL, opt.nsga2.mprob = NULL, opt.nsga2.mdist = NULL)
+  opt.nsga2.cdist = NULL, opt.nsga2.mprob = NULL,
+  opt.nsga2.mdist = NULL)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{control}{[\code{\link{MBOControl}}]\cr
@@ -156,5 +158,7 @@ minimizes that.
 Other MBOControl: \code{\link{makeMBOControl}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiObj}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiPoint}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlNoisy}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlTermination}}
 }
+\concept{MBOControl}
diff --git a/man/setMBOControlMultiObj.Rd b/man/setMBOControlMultiObj.Rd
index 4dfba869b..e13ceaec9 100644
--- a/man/setMBOControlMultiObj.Rd
+++ b/man/setMBOControlMultiObj.Rd
@@ -119,5 +119,7 @@ et.al. (eds.), IEEE, 2005, ISBN 0-7803-9363-5, pp. 2138-2145
 Other MBOControl: \code{\link{makeMBOControl}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlInfill}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiPoint}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlNoisy}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlTermination}}
 }
+\concept{MBOControl}
diff --git a/man/setMBOControlMultiPoint.Rd b/man/setMBOControlMultiPoint.Rd
index d939eb10f..232dffbeb 100644
--- a/man/setMBOControlMultiPoint.Rd
+++ b/man/setMBOControlMultiPoint.Rd
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@
 \title{Set multipoint proposal options.}
 \usage{
 setMBOControlMultiPoint(control, method = NULL, cl.lie = NULL,
-  moimbo.objective = NULL, moimbo.dist = NULL, moimbo.selection = NULL,
-  moimbo.maxit = NULL, moimbo.sbx.eta = NULL, moimbo.sbx.p = NULL,
-  moimbo.pm.eta = NULL, moimbo.pm.p = NULL)
+  moimbo.objective = NULL, moimbo.dist = NULL,
+  moimbo.selection = NULL, moimbo.maxit = NULL,
+  moimbo.sbx.eta = NULL, moimbo.sbx.p = NULL, moimbo.pm.eta = NULL,
+  moimbo.pm.p = NULL)
 }
 \arguments{
 \item{control}{[\code{\link{MBOControl}}]\cr
@@ -88,5 +89,7 @@ Extends an MBO control object with options for multipoint proposal.
 Other MBOControl: \code{\link{makeMBOControl}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlInfill}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiObj}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlNoisy}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlTermination}}
 }
+\concept{MBOControl}
diff --git a/man/setMBOControlNoisy.Rd b/man/setMBOControlNoisy.Rd
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e22eed84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/setMBOControlNoisy.Rd
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
+% Please edit documentation in R/setMBOControlNoisy.R
+\name{setMBOControlNoisy}
+\alias{setMBOControlNoisy}
+\title{Set multipoint proposal options.}
+\usage{
+setMBOControlNoisy(control, self.replicating)
+}
+\arguments{
+\item{control}{[\code{\link{MBOControl}}]\cr
+Control object for mbo.}
+
+\item{self.replicating}{[\code{logical(1)}]\cr
+TRUE if the function returns a vector of noisy results for one input. Then \code{instances} specifies the length of the result we expect.}
+}
+\value{
+[\code{\link{MBOControl}}].
+}
+\description{
+Extends an MBO control object with options for multipoint proposal.
+}
+\seealso{
+Other MBOControl: \code{\link{makeMBOControl}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlInfill}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiObj}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiPoint}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlTermination}}
+}
+\concept{MBOControl}
diff --git a/man/setMBOControlTermination.Rd b/man/setMBOControlTermination.Rd
index 1774144ae..b9c1ddb39 100644
--- a/man/setMBOControlTermination.Rd
+++ b/man/setMBOControlTermination.Rd
@@ -83,5 +83,7 @@ print(res)
 Other MBOControl: \code{\link{makeMBOControl}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlInfill}},
   \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiObj}},
-  \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiPoint}}
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlMultiPoint}},
+  \code{\link{setMBOControlNoisy}}
 }
+\concept{MBOControl}
diff --git a/man/updateSMBO.Rd b/man/updateSMBO.Rd
index 31e2f4313..420166083 100644
--- a/man/updateSMBO.Rd
+++ b/man/updateSMBO.Rd
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ One row per set of x values.}
 \item{y}{[\code{numeric|list}]
 Outcome of the optimization.
 For multiple results use a list.
-For a result of a multi-objective function use a numeric vector.}
+For a result of a multi-objective function use a numeric vector.
+For multiple results of for noisy instances use a list.
+Each list element should correspond to one x value.}
 }
 \value{
 [\code{\link{OptState}}]
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test_mbo_km.R b/tests/testthat/test_mbo_km.R
index 5a4c431a2..ec1364a7b 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test_mbo_km.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test_mbo_km.R
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-context("mbo km")
+context("mbo noisy")
 
-test_that("mbo works with km", {
+test_that("mbo works with multiple instances of noisy problems", {
   des = testd.fsphere.2d
   des$y = apply(des, 1, testf.fsphere.2d)
   learner = makeLearner("regr.km", nugget.estim = TRUE)
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test_mbo_noisy.R b/tests/testthat/test_mbo_noisy.R
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..85cca7981
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/testthat/test_mbo_noisy.R
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+context("mbo noisy")
+
+test_that("mbo works with self replicating instances of noisy problems", {
+  ps = makeNumericParamSet("x", 1, -7, 7)
+  fun = smoof::makeSingleObjectiveFunction(
+    fn = function(x) x^2 + rnorm(5, 0.01),
+    par.set = ps,
+    noisy = TRUE
+  )
+  ctrl = makeMBOControl()
+  ctrl = setMBOControlTermination(ctrl, iters = 5L)
+  ctrl = setMBOControlInfill(ctrl, crit = crit.aei, opt.focussearch.points = 100L)
+  ctrl = setMBOControlNoisy(ctrl, self.replicating = TRUE)
+  or = mbo(fun, control = ctrl)
+  opdf = as.data.frame(or$opt.path)
+  expect_true(all(opdf$noisy.repl %in% 1:5))
+  expect_true(all(table(opdf$x) == 5))
+
+  # now the function has varying n results
+  i = 0
+  fun = smoof::makeSingleObjectiveFunction(
+    fn = function(x) {
+      i <<- i + 1
+      x^2 + rnorm(i, 0.01)
+    },
+    par.set = ps,
+    noisy = TRUE
+  )
+  ctrl = makeMBOControl()
+  ctrl = setMBOControlTermination(ctrl, iters = 2L)
+  ctrl = setMBOControlInfill(ctrl, crit = crit.aei, opt.focussearch.points = 100L)
+  ctrl = setMBOControlNoisy(ctrl, self.replicating = TRUE)
+  or = mbo(fun, control = ctrl)
+  opdf = as.data.frame(or$opt.path)
+  expect_true(all(opdf$noisy.repl == unlist(lapply(1:6, function(x) head(1:6,x)))))
+
+  # returns the right result
+  ps = makeNumericParamSet("x", 2, -7, 7)
+  fun = smoof::makeSingleObjectiveFunction(
+    fn = function(x) {
+      x = sum(unlist(x))
+      res = x^2 + rnorm(5, 0.01)
+      if (abs(x)>5) res[1] = -10
+      return(res)
+    },
+    par.set = ps,
+    noisy = TRUE
+  )
+  ctrl = makeMBOControl(final.method = "best.predicted")
+  ctrl = setMBOControlTermination(ctrl, iters = 5L)
+  ctrl = setMBOControlInfill(ctrl, crit = crit.aei, opt.focussearch.points = 100L)
+  ctrl = setMBOControlNoisy(ctrl, self.replicating = TRUE)
+  or = mbo(fun, control = ctrl)
+  expect_true(abs(sum(or$x$x))<5)
+
+  # deals with errors in noisy repls
+  if (FALSE) {
+    ps = makeNumericParamSet("x", 2, -7, 7)
+    fun = smoof::makeSingleObjectiveFunction(
+      fn = function(x) {
+        x = sum(unlist(x))
+        res = x^2 + rnorm(5, 0.01)
+        res = as.list(res)
+        res[[1]] = base::simpleError("Something went wrong!")
+      },
+      par.set = ps,
+      noisy = TRUE
+    )
+    ctrl = makeMBOControl(final.method = "best.predicted", impute.y.fun = function(x, y, opt.path) 0, on.surrogate.error = "warn")
+    ctrl = setMBOControlTermination(ctrl, iters = 5L)
+    ctrl = setMBOControlInfill(ctrl, crit = crit.aei, opt.focussearch.points = 100L)
+    ctrl = setMBOControlNoisy(ctrl, self.replicating = TRUE)
+    or = mbo(fun, control = ctrl)
+    as.data.frame(or$opt.path)
+  }
+})
+