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When using external storage, it can happen that some files with special characters will not
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appear in the file listing, or they will appear and not be accessible.
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When this happens, please run the :ref:`files scanner<occ_files_scan_label>`, for example with::
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sudo -E -u www-data php occ files:scan --all
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If the scanner tells about an encoding issue on the affected file, please enable Mac encoding compatibility in the :ref:`mount options<external_storage_mount_options_label>`
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and then :ref:`rescan the external storage<occ_files_scan_label>`.
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.. note::
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This mode comes with a performance impact because Nextcloud will always try both encodings when detecting files
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on external storages.
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Mac computers are using the NFD Unicode Normalization for file names which is different than NFC, the one used
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by other operating systems. Mac users might upload files directly to the external storage using NFD normalized
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file names. When uploading through Nextcloud, file names will always be normalized to the NFC standard for consistency.
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It is recommended to let Nextcloud use external storages exclusively to avoid such issues.
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See also `technical explanation about NFC vs NFD normalizations <https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/linux/uc/nfc_vs_nfd.html>`_.
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