opentelemetry-instrumentation-asgi: emit error.type attribute when having exceptions

[emdneto]

Describe your environment

instrumentation-asgi: 0.47b0.dev

What happened?

instrumentation-asgi isn't setting error.type during exceptions and we should set it in the new semconv as defined here

Steps to Reproduce

Run any asgi example which raises exception before status code is sent or received using the new semconv opt-in mode

Expected Result

If the request fails with an error before response status code was sent or received, error.type SHOULD be set to exception type (its fully-qualified class name, if applicable) or a component-specific low cardinality error identifier.

Exception present in error.type

Actual Result

No error.type attribute set in spans

Additional context

#2682

https://github.com/open-telemetry/semantic-conventions/blob/main/docs/http/http-spans.md#http-server-semantic-conventions

Would you like to implement a fix?

None

[qiuge615]

Shall I work this? And one question, can I reference opentelemetry-instrumentation-httpx error.type for asgi?
https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python-contrib/blob/main/instrumentation/opentelemetry-instrumentation-httpx/src/opentelemetry/instrumentation/httpx/__init__.py#L369

[emdneto]

Hey @qiuge615, I'm Sorry, I didn't see this before. I opened the PR to include it in the upcoming release. Please feel free to review the PR.

[qiuge615]

Thank you for your help.