feat: add constraints for optimization process

[ephoris]

Summary

For a handful of parameters, setting one value may influence the decision of another (i.e. A <= B). In order to support this we would like to add an additional class called constraints that defines a constraint function for each trial. Users should be able to define all of this in the yaml files located in examples.

Implementation Plan

1. Create an example file with a simple constraint
2. Create a constraint class that holds the parsed information
3. Constraint class should work similarly to Parameters, where a trial is given as input, and the object returns a function expressing the correct constraint
4. Pass these constraints when creating the optuna study

Testing Plan

TBD