Add an uv-managed Python to CI

[The-Compiler]

As demonstrated by #12888 and #13170, there is subtly different behavior regarding to input with uv-managed Pythons from python-build-standalone, as those use libedit instead of readline.

The existing tests in test_debugging.py mostly fail before #13176, so we would have easily caught #12888 earlier if we had a build job that runs with such a Python.

[webknjaz]

This would mean marking those runtime supported. Is this desired?

[The-Compiler]

I don't see why it wouldn't be. They are already in common use and will only get more common, so we can't just pretend they don't exist.

[nicoddemus]

Sounds good to me. 👍