diff --git a/mypy/fastparse.py b/mypy/fastparse.py
index e208e4d0b7d9..a3f655d59af1 100644
--- a/mypy/fastparse.py
+++ b/mypy/fastparse.py
@@ -1830,6 +1830,10 @@ def visit_Call(self, e: Call) -> Type:
         f = e.func
         constructor = stringify_name(f)
 
+        if self.parent() is None:
+            return self.invalid_type(
+                e, note="Suggestion: Don't use function calls in type annotations"
+            )
         if not isinstance(self.parent(), ast3.List):
             note = None
             if constructor:
diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-errorcodes.test b/test-data/unit/check-errorcodes.test
index 9d49480539e0..1c642602b79f 100644
--- a/test-data/unit/check-errorcodes.test
+++ b/test-data/unit/check-errorcodes.test
@@ -51,6 +51,33 @@ for v in x:  # type: int, int  # E: Syntax error in type annotation  [syntax] \
     # N: Suggestion: Use Tuple[T1, ..., Tn] instead of (T1, ..., Tn)
     pass
 
+[case testErrorCodeSyntaxError4]
+from typing import Dict
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+class _EnvironmentVariables():
+    def __init__(self, variables: Dict) -> None:
+        self.__variables = variables
+
+def EnvironmentVariables(sort: bool):
+    return Annotated[_EnvironmentVariables, dict]
+
+def unsorted_env_variables(variables: EnvironmentVariables(sort=False)) -> None: # E: Invalid type comment or annotation  [valid-type] \
+    # N: Suggestion: Don't use function calls in type annotations
+    return variables.as_json_obj()
+
+[builtins fixtures/tuple.pyi]
+
+class _EnvironmentVariables():
+    def __init__(self, variables: dict[str, bytes]) -> None:
+        self.__variables = variables
+
+def EnvironmentVariables(sort: bool):
+    return Annotated[_EnvironmentVariables, dict]
+
+def unsorted_env_variables(variables: EnvironmentVariables(sort=False)) -> None:
+    return variables.as_json_obj()
+
 [case testErrorCodeSyntaxErrorIgnoreNote]
 # This is a bit inconsistent -- syntax error would be more logical?
 x: 'a b'  # type: ignore[valid-type]
diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-fastparse.test b/test-data/unit/check-fastparse.test
index 534967b1edbf..fb9872345665 100644
--- a/test-data/unit/check-fastparse.test
+++ b/test-data/unit/check-fastparse.test
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ def f(a: Foo(int)) -> int:
     pass
 [out]
 main:7: error: Invalid type comment or annotation
-main:7: note: Suggestion: use Foo[...] instead of Foo(...)
+main:7: note: Suggestion: Don't use function calls in type annotations
 
 [case testFastParseMatMul]