diff --git a/cpp/src/centrality/betweenness_centrality_impl.cuh b/cpp/src/centrality/betweenness_centrality_impl.cuh
index 0e82b8256a5..d3d5ad04547 100644
--- a/cpp/src/centrality/betweenness_centrality_impl.cuh
+++ b/cpp/src/centrality/betweenness_centrality_impl.cuh
@@ -32,11 +32,16 @@
 #include <cugraph/algorithms.hpp>
 #include <cugraph/detail/utility_wrappers.hpp>
 #include <cugraph/edge_src_dst_property.hpp>
+#include <cugraph/utilities/dataframe_buffer.hpp>
 #include <cugraph/utilities/error.hpp>
+#include <cugraph/utilities/host_scalar_comm.hpp>
 #include <cugraph/vertex_partition_device_view.cuh>
 
 #include <raft/core/handle.hpp>
 
+#include <rmm/mr/device/cuda_memory_resource.hpp>
+#include <rmm/mr/device/per_device_resource.hpp>
+
 #include <cub/cub.cuh>
 #include <cuda/atomic>
 #include <cuda/std/iterator>
@@ -50,6 +55,16 @@
 #include <thrust/sort.h>
 #include <thrust/transform.h>
 
+#include <cuda_runtime_api.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
 //
 // The formula for BC(v) is the sum over all (s,t) where s != v != t of
 // sigma_st(v) / sigma_st.  Sigma_st(v) is the number of shortest paths
@@ -57,6 +72,40 @@
 // paths.
 namespace {
 
+// Memory measurement utilities
+struct MemoryInfo {
+  size_t free_memory;
+  size_t used_memory;
+  size_t total_memory;
+
+  static MemoryInfo get_device_memory()
+  {
+    size_t free, total;
+    cudaMemGetInfo(&free, &total);
+    return {free, total - free, total};
+  }
+
+  void print(const char* label) const
+  {
+    double memory_usage = static_cast<double>(used_memory) / total_memory;
+    printf("[Memory] %s: Free: %.1fGB, Used: %.1fGB, Total: %.1fGB (%.1f%%)\n",
+           label,
+           free_memory / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0),
+           used_memory / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0),
+           total_memory / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0),
+           memory_usage * 100.0);
+  }
+};
+
+// Memory cleanup utilities
+struct MemoryCleanup {
+  static void cleanup_batch_memory(raft::handle_t const& handle)
+  {
+    handle.sync_stream();
+    cudaDeviceSynchronize();
+  }
+};
+
 template <typename vertex_t>
 struct brandes_e_op_t {
   template <typename value_t, typename ignore_t>
@@ -1184,6 +1233,30 @@ rmm::device_uvector<weight_t> betweenness_centrality(
     my_rank = handle.get_comms().get_rank();
   }
 
+  // Check environment variables for batch mode configuration
+  std::string batch_mode = std::getenv("BATCH_MODE") ? std::getenv("BATCH_MODE") : "dynamic";
+  size_t fixed_batch_size =
+    std::getenv("FIXED_BATCH_SIZE") ? std::stoul(std::getenv("FIXED_BATCH_SIZE")) : 1000;
+
+  // Initialize memory management
+  MemoryInfo initial_mem = MemoryInfo::get_device_memory();
+
+  // Initialize batch size variables based on mode
+  size_t min_batch_size     = 10;
+  size_t max_batch_size     = 10000;
+  size_t current_batch_size = 500;  // Start with reasonable size
+  size_t optimal_batch_size = 0;    // Will store the best size found
+
+  if (batch_mode == "fixed") {
+    // Fixed mode: use the specified batch size
+    current_batch_size = fixed_batch_size;
+    optimal_batch_size = fixed_batch_size;
+  }
+  // Dynamic mode: use binary search to find optimal size
+
+  size_t processed_sources = 0;
+  size_t batch_number      = 0;
+
   if constexpr (multi_gpu) {
     // Multi-GPU: Use sequential version
     for (size_t source_idx = 0; source_idx < num_sources; ++source_idx) {
@@ -1214,41 +1287,73 @@ rmm::device_uvector<weight_t> betweenness_centrality(
         do_expensive_check);
     }
   } else {
-    // Single-GPU: Use parallel version
-    // Process sources in batches to respect origin_t (uint16_t) limit
-    constexpr size_t max_sources_per_batch = std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max();
-
-    size_t num_sources = cuda::std::distance(vertices_begin, vertices_end);
-    size_t num_batches = (num_sources + max_sources_per_batch - 1) / max_sources_per_batch;
-
-    for (size_t batch_idx = 0; batch_idx < num_batches; ++batch_idx) {
-      size_t batch_start = batch_idx * max_sources_per_batch;
-      size_t batch_end   = std::min(batch_start + max_sources_per_batch, num_sources);
+    // Single-GPU: Use adaptive batching
+    while (processed_sources < num_sources) {
+      size_t actual_batch_size = std::min(current_batch_size, num_sources - processed_sources);
+
+      bool batch_success = true;
+
+      try {
+        // Create iterators for current batch
+        auto batch_begin = vertices_begin + processed_sources;
+        auto batch_end   = vertices_begin + processed_sources + actual_batch_size;
+
+        auto [distances_2d, sigmas_2d] = detail::multisource_bfs(
+          handle, graph_view, edge_weight_view, batch_begin, batch_end, do_expensive_check);
+
+        detail::multisource_backward_pass(
+          handle,
+          graph_view,
+          edge_weight_view,
+          raft::device_span<weight_t>{centralities.data(), centralities.size()},
+          std::move(distances_2d),
+          std::move(sigmas_2d),
+          batch_begin,
+          batch_end,
+          include_endpoints,
+          do_expensive_check);
+
+        // RAII objects (distances_2d, sigmas_2d) go out of scope here and are automatically freed
+        // Now run explicit cleanup to ensure any remaining memory is freed
+        MemoryCleanup::cleanup_batch_memory(handle);
+
+        processed_sources += actual_batch_size;
+        batch_success = true;
+        batch_number++;  // Only increment on success
+
+      } catch (const std::exception& e) {
+        batch_success = false;
+      }
 
-      auto batch_vertices_begin = vertices_begin + batch_start;
-      auto batch_vertices_end   = vertices_begin + batch_end;
+      // Record batch result and update binary search (only in dynamic mode)
+      if (batch_mode == "dynamic") {
+        if (batch_success) {
+          // This batch size worked, try larger
+          optimal_batch_size = current_batch_size;      // Remember this working size
+          min_batch_size     = current_batch_size + 1;  // Search in upper half
 
-      auto [distances_2d, sigmas_2d] = detail::multisource_bfs(handle,
-                                                               graph_view,
-                                                               edge_weight_view,
-                                                               batch_vertices_begin,
-                                                               batch_vertices_end,
-                                                               do_expensive_check);
+          if (min_batch_size <= max_batch_size) {
+            current_batch_size = (min_batch_size + max_batch_size) / 2;  // Binary search
+          } else {
+            current_batch_size = optimal_batch_size;  // Use the best size found
+          }
+        } else {
+          // This batch size failed, try smaller
+          max_batch_size = current_batch_size - 1;  // Search in lower half
 
-      detail::multisource_backward_pass(
-        handle,
-        graph_view,
-        edge_weight_view,
-        raft::device_span<weight_t>{centralities.data(), centralities.size()},
-        std::move(distances_2d),
-        std::move(sigmas_2d),
-        batch_vertices_begin,
-        batch_vertices_end,
-        include_endpoints,
-        do_expensive_check);
+          if (min_batch_size <= max_batch_size) {
+            current_batch_size = (min_batch_size + max_batch_size) / 2;  // Binary search
+          } else {
+            current_batch_size = optimal_batch_size;  // Use the best size found
+          }
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 
+  // Final memory measurement
+  MemoryInfo final_mem = MemoryInfo::get_device_memory();
+
   std::optional<weight_t> scale_nonsource{std::nullopt};
   std::optional<weight_t> scale_source{std::nullopt};