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arch_install.md

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ArchLinux Installation Guide

  1. Boot from install media

  2. Check internet connection

  3. Update system clock:
    $ timedatectl set-ntp true

  4. Make disk partitions:

  • Check if UEFI is enabled:
    $ ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
    IF the above directory doesn't exist you are either on old hardware or you have UEFI disabled.
    List all existing disks and partitions:
    $ fdisk -l

  • Create partitions:
    $ fdisk /dev/sda

    For UEFI: For non-UEFI:
    /mnt/efi 512MB vfat /mnt
    /mnt ext4 /home
    /home ext4 /swap
    /swap

  • Format partitions:
    $ mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1 $ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 $ mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3 $ mkswap /dev/sda4 $ swapon /dev/sda4

  1. Mount partitions:
  • Root:
    $ mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
  • Boot:
    $ mkdir /mnt/boot $ mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
  • Home:
    $ mkdir /mnt/home $ mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/home
  • Check mounted partitions:
    $ df

  1. Perform the Base Installation:
    $ pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware vim

  2. Generate UUIDs:
    $ genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

  • Check:
    $ cat /mnt/etc/fstab

  1. Change Root:
    $ arch-chroot /mnt

  2. Set the Timezone:
    $ timedatectl list-timezones
    $ ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Helsinki /etc/localtime
    $ hwclock --systohc

  3. Setup Locale: $ vim /etc/locale.gen

    en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8  
ru_RU.UTF-8 UTF-8

    $ locale-gen
    $ echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
    $ export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

  4. Configure network:
    $ vim /etc/hostname

    ArchLinuxPC

    $ vim /etc/hosts

    127.0.0.1 localhost  
::1 localhost  
127.0.0.1 ArchLinuxPC

  5. Set Root password:
    $ passwd

  6. Install GRUB:
    For non-UEFI:
    $ pacman -S grub $ grub-install /dev/sda $ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
    For UEFI:
    $ pacman -S grub efibootmgr
    $ mkdir /boot/efi
    $ mount /dev/sda1 /boot/efi
    $ grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=GRUB --efi-directory=/boot/efi
    $ grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

  7. Create user account and Home directory:
    $ useradd -m username $ passwd username

  8. Install sudo:
    $ pacman -S sudo

  9. Grant user with sudo privileges:
    $ EDITOR=vim visudo 

username ALL=(ALL) ALL

  1. Install Desktop environment:
    $ pacman -S xorg
    $ pacman -S gnome
    $ pacman -S gnome-tweaks
    $ pacman -S networkmanager
    $ systemctl enable gdm.service
    $ systemctl enable NetworkManager.service

  2. Exit and shutdown:
    $ exit
    $ shutdown now