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committedMar 11, 2025
completed migration
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‎.gitignore

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.DS_Store
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/.build
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/Packages
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xcuserdata/
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DerivedData/
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.swiftpm/configuration/registries.json
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.swiftpm/xcode/package.xcworkspace/contents.xcworkspacedata
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.netrc

‎LICENSE

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Apache License
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Version 2.0, January 2004
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
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any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
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Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
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the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
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with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
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6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
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except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
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origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
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7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
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agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
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Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
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of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
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PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
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risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
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8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
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whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
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unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
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negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
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liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
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incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
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result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
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Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
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work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
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other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
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has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
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9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
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and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
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or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
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License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
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on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
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of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
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defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
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incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
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of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
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To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
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identification within third-party archives.
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Copyright 2018 Armin Briegel, Scripting OS X
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Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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You may obtain a copy of the License at
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.

‎Package.resolved

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{
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"originHash" : "2fb0a7cc92f4d5e14f8d8f177a2031686d455c4669347152d8bd7d08ea3af71b",
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"pins" : [
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{
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"identity" : "swift-argument-parser",
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"kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
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"location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser",
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"state" : {
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"revision" : "41982a3656a71c768319979febd796c6fd111d5c",
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"version" : "1.5.0"
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}
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}
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],
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"version" : 3
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}

‎Package.swift

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// swift-tools-version: 6.0
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// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to build this package.
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import PackageDescription
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let package = Package(
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name: "utiluti",
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platforms: [
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.macOS(.v11)
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],
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products: [
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// Products define the executables and libraries a package produces, making them visible to other packages.
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.executable(
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name: "utiluti",
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targets: ["utiluti"]),
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],
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dependencies: [
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.package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser", from: "1.5.0"),
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],
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targets: [
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// Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
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// Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products from dependencies.
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.executableTarget(
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name: "utiluti",
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dependencies: [
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.product(
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name: "ArgumentParser",
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package: "swift-argument-parser"
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)],
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path: "Sources/utiluti"
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)
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]
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)

‎ReadMe.md

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# utiluti
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The macOS command line utility to work with default apps.
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## What it does
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You can use `utiluti` to inspect and modify default apps for url schemes and file types/uniform type identifiers (UTI).
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## Important notes:
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- `utiluti` should be run as the current user
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- when you attempt to set the default app for the `http` url scheme, macOS will prompt the user for confirmation. The user has the option to reject the change. The user must make a selection for the tool to continue. Consider this when using `utiluti` for automation.
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- macOS connects the `http` and `https` url schemes and the `public.html` UTI. You can only set the default app for `http` and the default app for `https` and the `public.html` type will be set to the same app. Attempting to change the default apps for `https` or `public.html` will result in an error.
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## URL schemes
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URL schemes are the part of the URL before the colon `:` which identify which app or protocol to use. E.g. `http`, `mailto`, `ssh`, etc.
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Get the current default app for a given url scheme:
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```sh
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$ utiluti url mailto
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/System/Applications/Mail.app
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```
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Use the `--bundle-id` flag to receive the app's bundle identifier instead:
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```sh
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$ utiluti url mailto --bundle-id
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com.apple.mail
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```
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List all apps registered for a given url scheme:
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```sh
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$ utiluti url list mailto
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/System/Applications/Mail.app
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/Applications/Microsoft Outlook.app
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```
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Use the `--bundle-id` flag to receive the apps' bundle identifiers instead:
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```sh
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$ utiluti url list mailto --bundle-id
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com.apple.mail
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com.microsoft.Outlook
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```
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Set the default app for a given URL scheme:
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```sh
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$ utiluti url set mailto com.microsoft.Outlook
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set com.microsoft.Outlook for mailto
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```
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## File Type/Uniform Type Identifiers (UTI)
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[Uniform type identifiers](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uniformtypeidentifiers/) (UTI) are how macOS maps file and mime type. `utiluti` uses UTIs.
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To get the UTI associated with a file extension, use `get-uti`:
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```sh
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$ utiluti get-uti txt
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public.plain-text
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```
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Get the default application for a UTI:
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```sh
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$ utiluti type public.plain-text
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/System/Applications/TextEdit.app
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```
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List all applications registered for the given UTI:
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```sh
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$ utiluti type list public.plain-text
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/System/Applications/TextEdit.app
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/Applications/Numbers.app
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/Applications/Pages.app
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/System/Applications/Utilities/Script Editor.app
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/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/App/System/Applications/Safari.app
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/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Applications/Instruments.app
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/Applications/Xcode.app
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/System/Applications/Notes.app
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```
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Add the `--bundle-id` flag to receive bundle identifiers instead of paths.
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Set the the default app for a given UTI:
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```sh
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$ utiluti type set public.plain-text com.barebones.bbedit
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set com.barebones.bbedit for public.plain-text
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```
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‎Sources/utiluti/GetUTI.swift

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//
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// GetIdentifier.swift
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// utiluti
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//
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// Created by Armin Briegel on 2022-11-10.
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//
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import Foundation
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import ArgumentParser
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import UniformTypeIdentifiers
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@available(macOS 11.0, *)
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struct GetUTI: ParsableCommand {
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static let configuration
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= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "Get the type identifier (UTI) for a file extension")
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@Argument(help: "file extension") var fileExtension: String
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func run() {
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guard let utype = UTType(filenameExtension: fileExtension) else {
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Self.exit(withError: ExitCode(3))
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}
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if utype.identifier.hasPrefix("dyn.") {
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print("<unknown extension>")
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Self.exit(withError: ExitCode(1))
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}
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print(utype.identifier)
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}
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}

‎Sources/utiluti/LSKit.swift

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//
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// LSKit.swift
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// LSKit
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//
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// Created by Armin Briegel on 2021-08-30.
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//
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import Foundation
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import AppKit
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import UniformTypeIdentifiers
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struct LSKit {
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/**
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returns a list of URLs to applications that can open URLs starting with the scheme
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- Parameter scheme: url scheme (excluding the `:` or `/`, e.g. `http`)
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- Returns: array of app URLs
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*/
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static func appURLs(forScheme scheme: String) -> [URL] {
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guard let url = URL(string: "\(scheme):") else { return [URL]() }
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if #available(macOS 12, *) {
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//print("running on macOS 12, using NSWorkspace")
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let ws = NSWorkspace.shared
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return ws.urlsForApplications(toOpen: url)
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} else {
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var urlList = [URL]()
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if let result = LSCopyApplicationURLsForURL(url as CFURL, .all) {
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let cfURLList = result.takeRetainedValue() as Array
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for item in cfURLList {
31+
if let appURL = item as? URL {
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urlList.append(appURL)
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}
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}
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}
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return urlList
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}
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}
39+
40+
/**
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returns URL to the default application for URLs starting with scheme
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- Parameter scheme: url scheme (excluding the `:` or `/`, e.g. `http`)
43+
- Returns: urls to default application
44+
*/
45+
static func defaultAppURL(forScheme scheme: String) -> URL? {
46+
guard let url = URL(string: "\(scheme):") else { return nil }
47+
48+
if #available(macOS 12, *) {
49+
//print("running on macOS 12, using NSWorkspace")
50+
let ws = NSWorkspace.shared
51+
return ws.urlForApplication(toOpen: url)
52+
} else {
53+
if let result = LSCopyDefaultApplicationURLForURL(url as CFURL, .all, nil) {
54+
let appURL = result.takeRetainedValue() as URL
55+
return appURL
56+
}
57+
return nil
58+
}
59+
}
60+
61+
/**
62+
set the default app for scheme to the app with the identifier
63+
- Parameters:
64+
- identifier: bundle id of the new default application
65+
- scheme: url scheme (excluding the `:` or `/`, e.g. `http`)
66+
- Returns: OSStatus (discardable)
67+
*/
68+
@discardableResult static func setDefaultApp(identifier: String, forScheme scheme: String) -> OSStatus {
69+
if #available(macOS 12, *) {
70+
// print("running on macOS 12, using NSWorkspace")
71+
let ws = NSWorkspace.shared
72+
73+
// since the new NSWorkspace function is asynchronous we have to use semaphores here
74+
let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore(value: 0)
75+
var errCode: OSStatus = 0
76+
77+
guard let appURL = ws.urlForApplication(withBundleIdentifier: identifier) else { return 1 }
78+
ws.setDefaultApplication(at: appURL, toOpenURLsWithScheme: scheme) { err in
79+
// err is an NSError wrapped in a CocoaError
80+
if let err = err as? CocoaError {
81+
if let underlyingError = err.errorUserInfo["NSUnderlyingError"] as? NSError {
82+
errCode = OSStatus(clamping: underlyingError.code)
83+
}
84+
}
85+
semaphore.signal()
86+
}
87+
semaphore.wait()
88+
return errCode
89+
} else {
90+
return LSSetDefaultHandlerForURLScheme(scheme as CFString, identifier as CFString)
91+
}
92+
}
93+
94+
/**
95+
returns a list of URLs to applications that can open the given type identifier
96+
- Parameter forTypeIdentifier: Uniform Type Identifier, e.g. `public.html`
97+
- Returns: array of URLs to apps
98+
*/
99+
static func appURLs(forTypeIdentifier utidentifier: String) -> [URL] {
100+
if #available(macOS 12, *) {
101+
//print("running on macOS 12, using NSWorkspace")
102+
let ws = NSWorkspace.shared
103+
guard let utype = UTType(utidentifier) else {
104+
return [URL]()
105+
}
106+
return ws.urlsForApplications(toOpen: utype)
107+
} else {
108+
var urlList = [URL]()
109+
if let result = LSCopyAllRoleHandlersForContentType(utidentifier as CFString, .all) {
110+
let cfURLList = result.takeRetainedValue() as Array
111+
for item in cfURLList {
112+
if let appURL = item as? URL {
113+
urlList.append(appURL)
114+
}
115+
}
116+
}
117+
return urlList
118+
}
119+
}
120+
121+
/**
122+
returns URL to the default application for the given type identifier
123+
- Parameter forTypeIdentifier: url scheme (excluding the `:` or `/`, e.g. `http`)
124+
- Returns: url to default application
125+
*/
126+
static func defaultAppURL(forTypeIdentifier utidentifier: String) -> URL? {
127+
if #available(macOS 12, *) {
128+
//print("running on macOS 12, using NSWorkspace")
129+
guard let utype = UTType(utidentifier) else {
130+
return nil
131+
}
132+
let ws = NSWorkspace.shared
133+
return ws.urlForApplication(toOpen: utype)
134+
} else {
135+
if let result = LSCopyDefaultApplicationURLForContentType(utidentifier as CFString, .all, nil) {
136+
let appURL = result.takeRetainedValue() as URL
137+
return appURL
138+
}
139+
return nil
140+
}
141+
}
142+
143+
/**
144+
set the default app for type identifier to the app with the bundle indentifier
145+
- Parameters:
146+
- identifier: bundle id of the new default application
147+
- forTypeIdentifier: uniform type identifier ( e.g. `public.html`)
148+
- Returns: OSStatus (discardable)
149+
*/
150+
@discardableResult static func setDefaultApp(identifier: String, forTypeIdentifier utidentifier: String) -> OSStatus {
151+
if #available(macOS 12, *) {
152+
// print("running on macOS 12, using NSWorkspace")
153+
guard let utype = UTType(utidentifier) else {
154+
return 1
155+
}
156+
157+
let ws = NSWorkspace.shared
158+
159+
// since the new NSWorkspace function is asynchronous we have to use semaphores here
160+
let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore(value: 0)
161+
var errCode: OSStatus = 0
162+
163+
guard let appURL = ws.urlForApplication(withBundleIdentifier: identifier) else { return 1 }
164+
ws.setDefaultApplication(at: appURL, toOpen: utype) { err in
165+
// err is an NSError wrapped in a CocoaError
166+
if let err = err as? CocoaError {
167+
if let underlyingError = err.errorUserInfo["NSUnderlyingError"] as? NSError {
168+
errCode = OSStatus(clamping: underlyingError.code)
169+
}
170+
}
171+
semaphore.signal()
172+
}
173+
semaphore.wait()
174+
return errCode
175+
} else {
176+
return LSSetDefaultRoleHandlerForContentType(utidentifier as CFString, .all, identifier as CFString)
177+
}
178+
}
179+
}

‎Sources/utiluti/TypeCommands.swift

+145
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
1+
//
2+
// TypeCommands.swift
3+
// utiluti
4+
//
5+
// Created by Armin Briegel on 2022-11-10.
6+
//
7+
8+
import Foundation
9+
import ArgumentParser
10+
import UniformTypeIdentifiers
11+
12+
struct TypeCommands: ParsableCommand {
13+
14+
static var subCommands: [ParsableCommand.Type] {
15+
if #available(macOS 11.0, *) {
16+
return [Get.self, List.self, Set.self, Info.self, FileExtensions.self]
17+
} else {
18+
return[Get.self, List.self, Set.self]
19+
}
20+
}
21+
22+
static let configuration = CommandConfiguration(
23+
commandName: "type",
24+
abstract: "Manipulate default file type handlers",
25+
subcommands: subCommands,
26+
defaultSubcommand: Get.self
27+
)
28+
29+
struct UTIdentifier: ParsableArguments {
30+
@Argument(help: ArgumentHelp(
31+
"universal type identifier, e.g. 'public.html'",
32+
valueName: "uti"))
33+
var value: String
34+
}
35+
36+
struct IdentifierFlag: ParsableArguments {
37+
@Flag(help: ArgumentHelp(
38+
"list bundle identifiers instead of paths",
39+
valueName: "bundleID"))
40+
var bundleID = false
41+
}
42+
43+
struct Get: ParsableCommand {
44+
static let configuration
45+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "Get the path to the default application.")
46+
47+
@OptionGroup var utidentifier: UTIdentifier
48+
@OptionGroup var bundleID: IdentifierFlag
49+
50+
func run() {
51+
guard let appURL = LSKit.defaultAppURL(forTypeIdentifier: utidentifier.value) else {
52+
print("<no default app found>")
53+
return
54+
}
55+
if bundleID.bundleID {
56+
guard let appBundle = Bundle(url: appURL) else {
57+
Self.exit(withError: ExitCode(6))
58+
}
59+
print(appBundle.bundleIdentifier ?? "<no identifier>")
60+
} else {
61+
print(appURL.path)
62+
}
63+
}
64+
}
65+
66+
struct List: ParsableCommand {
67+
static let configuration
68+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "List all applications that can handle this type identifier.")
69+
70+
@OptionGroup var utidentifier: UTIdentifier
71+
@OptionGroup var bundleID: IdentifierFlag
72+
73+
func run() {
74+
let appURLs = LSKit.appURLs(forTypeIdentifier: utidentifier.value)
75+
76+
for appURL in appURLs {
77+
if bundleID.bundleID {
78+
if let appBundle = Bundle(url: appURL) {
79+
print(appBundle.bundleIdentifier ?? "<no identifier>")
80+
} else {
81+
print("<'\(appURL.path)' is not a bundle>")
82+
}
83+
} else {
84+
print(appURL.path)
85+
}
86+
}
87+
}
88+
}
89+
90+
struct Set: ParsableCommand {
91+
static let configuration
92+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "Set the default app for this type identifier.")
93+
94+
@OptionGroup var utidentifier: UTIdentifier
95+
@Argument var identifier: String
96+
97+
func run() {
98+
let result = LSKit.setDefaultApp(identifier: identifier, forTypeIdentifier: utidentifier.value)
99+
100+
if result == 0 {
101+
print("set \(identifier) for \(utidentifier.value)")
102+
} else {
103+
print("cannot set default app for \(utidentifier.value) (error \(result))")
104+
TypeCommands.exit(withError: ExitCode(result))
105+
}
106+
}
107+
}
108+
109+
@available(macOS 11.0, *)
110+
struct FileExtensions: ParsableCommand {
111+
static let configuration
112+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "prints the file extensions for the given type identifier")
113+
114+
@OptionGroup var utidentifier: UTIdentifier
115+
116+
func run() {
117+
guard let utype = UTType(utidentifier.value) else {
118+
print("<none>")
119+
TypeCommands.exit(withError: ExitCode(3))
120+
}
121+
122+
let extensions = utype.tags[.filenameExtension] ?? []
123+
print(extensions.joined(separator: " "))
124+
}
125+
}
126+
127+
@available(macOS 11.0, *)
128+
struct Info: ParsableCommand {
129+
static let configuration
130+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "prints information for the given type identifier")
131+
132+
@OptionGroup var utidentifier: UTIdentifier
133+
134+
func run() {
135+
guard let utype = UTType(utidentifier.value) else {
136+
print("<none>")
137+
TypeCommands.exit(withError: ExitCode(3))
138+
}
139+
140+
for (key, value) in utype.tags {
141+
print("\(key): \(value)")
142+
}
143+
}
144+
}
145+
}

‎Sources/utiluti/URLScheme.swift

+98
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
1+
//
2+
// URLScheme.swift
3+
// utiluti
4+
//
5+
// Created by Armin Briegel on 2022-11-10.
6+
//
7+
8+
import Foundation
9+
import ArgumentParser
10+
11+
struct URLCommands: ParsableCommand {
12+
static let configuration = CommandConfiguration(
13+
commandName: "url",
14+
abstract: "Manipulate default URL scheme handlers",
15+
subcommands: [ Get.self, List.self, Set.self],
16+
defaultSubcommand: Get.self)
17+
18+
struct URLScheme: ParsableArguments {
19+
@Argument(help: ArgumentHelp(
20+
"the url scheme, e.g. 'http' or 'mailto'",
21+
valueName: "scheme"))
22+
var value: String
23+
}
24+
25+
struct IdentifierFlag: ParsableArguments {
26+
@Flag(help: ArgumentHelp(
27+
"list bundle identifiers instead of paths",
28+
valueName: "bundleID"))
29+
var bundleID = false
30+
}
31+
32+
struct Get: ParsableCommand {
33+
static let configuration
34+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "Get the path to the default application.")
35+
36+
@OptionGroup var scheme: URLScheme
37+
@OptionGroup var bundleID: IdentifierFlag
38+
39+
func run() {
40+
guard let appURL = LSKit.defaultAppURL(forScheme: scheme.value) else {
41+
print("<no default app found>")
42+
Self.exit(withError: ExitCode(1))
43+
}
44+
if bundleID.bundleID {
45+
guard let appBundle = Bundle(url: appURL) else {
46+
Self.exit(withError: ExitCode(6))
47+
}
48+
print(appBundle.bundleIdentifier ?? "<no identifier>")
49+
} else {
50+
print(appURL.path)
51+
}
52+
}
53+
}
54+
55+
struct List: ParsableCommand {
56+
static let configuration
57+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "List all applications that can handle this URL scheme.")
58+
59+
@OptionGroup var scheme: URLScheme
60+
@OptionGroup var bundleID: IdentifierFlag
61+
62+
func run() {
63+
let appURLs = LSKit.appURLs(forScheme: scheme.value)
64+
65+
for appURL in appURLs {
66+
if bundleID.bundleID {
67+
if let appBundle = Bundle(url: appURL) {
68+
print(appBundle.bundleIdentifier ?? "<no identifier>")
69+
} else {
70+
print("<'\(appURL.path)' is not a bundle>")
71+
}
72+
} else {
73+
print(appURL.path)
74+
}
75+
}
76+
}
77+
}
78+
79+
struct Set: ParsableCommand {
80+
static let configuration
81+
= CommandConfiguration(abstract: "Set the default app for this URL scheme.")
82+
83+
@OptionGroup var scheme: URLScheme
84+
@Argument(help: ArgumentHelp("bundle identifier for the app",
85+
valueName: "bundleID"))
86+
var identifier: String
87+
88+
func run() {
89+
let result = LSKit.setDefaultApp(identifier: identifier, forScheme: scheme.value)
90+
91+
if result == 0 {
92+
print("set \(identifier) for \(scheme.value)")
93+
} else {
94+
print("cannot set default app for \(scheme.value) (error \(result))")
95+
}
96+
}
97+
}
98+
}

‎Sources/utiluti/utiluti.swift

+21
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
1+
// The Swift Programming Language
2+
// https://docs.swift.org/swift-book
3+
4+
import Foundation
5+
import ArgumentParser
6+
7+
@main
8+
struct UtilUTI: ParsableCommand {
9+
static let subCommands: [ParsableCommand.Type] = {
10+
if #available(macOS 11.0, *) {
11+
return [URLCommands.self, TypeCommands.self, GetUTI.self]
12+
} else {
13+
return [URLCommands.self, TypeCommands.self]
14+
}
15+
}()
16+
17+
static let configuration = CommandConfiguration(
18+
commandName: "utiluti",
19+
abstract: "Read and set default URL scheme and file type handlers.",
20+
subcommands: subCommands)
21+
}

‎Tests/utilutiTests/utilutiTests.swift

+6
Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
1+
import Testing
2+
@testable import utiluti
3+
4+
@Test func example() async throws {
5+
// Write your test here and use APIs like `#expect(...)` to check expected conditions.
6+
}

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