diff --git a/pkg/channels/qq/qq.go b/pkg/channels/qq/qq.go
index 4cb4db3c6..6fa14d5c3 100644
--- a/pkg/channels/qq/qq.go
+++ b/pkg/channels/qq/qq.go
@@ -199,20 +199,7 @@ func (c *QQChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) error {
 		msgToCreate.Content = ""
 	}
 
-	// Attach passive reply msg_id and msg_seq if available.
-	if v, ok := c.lastMsgID.Load(msg.ChatID); ok {
-		if msgID, ok := v.(string); ok && msgID != "" {
-			msgToCreate.MsgID = msgID
-
-			// Increment msg_seq atomically for multi-part replies.
-			if counterVal, ok := c.msgSeqCounters.Load(msg.ChatID); ok {
-				if counter, ok := counterVal.(*atomic.Uint64); ok {
-					seq := counter.Add(1)
-					msgToCreate.MsgSeq = uint32(seq)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	c.applyReplyContext(msg.ChatID, msgToCreate)
 
 	// Sanitize URLs in group messages to avoid QQ's URL blacklist rejection.
 	if chatKind == "group" {
@@ -244,6 +231,22 @@ func (c *QQChannel) Send(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMessage) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (c *QQChannel) applyReplyContext(chatID string, msgToCreate *dto.MessageToCreate) {
+	if v, ok := c.lastMsgID.Load(chatID); ok {
+		if msgID, ok := v.(string); ok && msgID != "" {
+			msgToCreate.MsgID = msgID
+
+			// Increment msg_seq atomically for multi-part replies.
+			if counterVal, ok := c.msgSeqCounters.Load(chatID); ok {
+				if counter, ok := counterVal.(*atomic.Uint64); ok {
+					seq := counter.Add(1)
+					msgToCreate.MsgSeq = uint32(seq)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // StartTyping implements channels.TypingCapable.
 // It sends an InputNotify (msg_type=6) immediately and re-sends every 8 seconds.
 // The returned stop function is idempotent and cancels the goroutine.
@@ -316,71 +319,60 @@ func (c *QQChannel) SendMedia(ctx context.Context, msg bus.OutboundMediaMessage)
 	chatKind := c.getChatKind(msg.ChatID)
 
 	for _, part := range msg.Parts {
-		// If the ref is already an HTTP(S) URL, use it directly.
-		mediaURL := part.Ref
-		if !isHTTPURL(mediaURL) {
-			// Try resolving through media store.
-			store := c.GetMediaStore()
-			if store == nil {
-				logger.WarnCF("qq", "QQ media requires HTTP/HTTPS URL, no media store available", map[string]any{
-					"ref": part.Ref,
-				})
-				continue
+		if isHTTPURL(part.Ref) {
+			richMedia := &dto.RichMediaMessage{
+				FileType:   qqFileType(part.Type),
+				URL:        part.Ref,
+				SrvSendMsg: true,
 			}
 
-			resolved, err := store.Resolve(part.Ref)
-			if err != nil {
-				logger.ErrorCF("qq", "Failed to resolve media ref", map[string]any{
-					"ref":   part.Ref,
-					"error": err.Error(),
-				})
-				continue
+			var sendErr error
+			if chatKind == "group" {
+				_, sendErr = c.api.PostGroupMessage(ctx, msg.ChatID, richMedia)
+			} else {
+				_, sendErr = c.api.PostC2CMessage(ctx, msg.ChatID, richMedia)
 			}
 
-			if !isHTTPURL(resolved) {
-				logger.WarnCF("qq", "QQ media requires HTTP/HTTPS URL, local files not supported", map[string]any{
-					"ref":      part.Ref,
-					"resolved": resolved,
+			if sendErr != nil {
+				logger.ErrorCF("qq", "Failed to send remote media", map[string]any{
+					"type":    part.Type,
+					"chat_id": msg.ChatID,
+					"error":   sendErr.Error(),
 				})
-				continue
+				return fmt.Errorf("qq send media: %w", channels.ErrTemporary)
 			}
-
-			mediaURL = resolved
+			continue
 		}
 
-		// Map part type to QQ file type: 1=image, 2=video, 3=audio, 4=file.
-		var fileType uint64
-		switch part.Type {
-		case "image":
-			fileType = 1
-		case "video":
-			fileType = 2
-		case "audio":
-			fileType = 3
-		default:
-			fileType = 4 // file
+		store := c.GetMediaStore()
+		if store == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("qq send media: media store not configured for local media ref %q", part.Ref)
 		}
 
-		richMedia := &dto.RichMediaMessage{
-			FileType:   fileType,
-			URL:        mediaURL,
-			SrvSendMsg: true,
+		resolved, err := store.Resolve(part.Ref)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("qq send media: resolve local media ref %q: %w", part.Ref, err)
 		}
 
-		var sendErr error
-		if chatKind == "group" {
-			_, sendErr = c.api.PostGroupMessage(ctx, msg.ChatID, richMedia)
-		} else {
-			_, sendErr = c.api.PostC2CMessage(ctx, msg.ChatID, richMedia)
+		fileInfo, err := c.uploadLocalMedia(ctx, chatKind, msg.ChatID, part.Type, part.Filename, resolved)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.ErrorCF("qq", "Failed to upload local media", map[string]any{
+				"type":     part.Type,
+				"chat_id":  msg.ChatID,
+				"ref":      part.Ref,
+				"resolved": resolved,
+				"error":    err.Error(),
+			})
+			return fmt.Errorf("qq send media: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		if sendErr != nil {
-			logger.ErrorCF("qq", "Failed to send media", map[string]any{
+		if err := c.sendUploadedMedia(ctx, chatKind, msg.ChatID, part, fileInfo); err != nil {
+			logger.ErrorCF("qq", "Failed to send uploaded media", map[string]any{
 				"type":    part.Type,
 				"chat_id": msg.ChatID,
-				"error":   sendErr.Error(),
+				"error":   err.Error(),
 			})
-			return fmt.Errorf("qq send media: %w", channels.ErrTemporary)
+			return err
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/pkg/channels/qq/qq_test.go b/pkg/channels/qq/qq_test.go
index 3ceee0d09..a7068bfff 100644
--- a/pkg/channels/qq/qq_test.go
+++ b/pkg/channels/qq/qq_test.go
@@ -2,13 +2,20 @@ package qq
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/tencent-connect/botgo/dto"
+	"github.com/tencent-connect/botgo/openapi"
+	"github.com/tencent-connect/botgo/openapi/options"
 
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/bus"
 	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/media"
 )
 
 func TestHandleC2CMessage_IncludesAccountIDMetadata(t *testing.T) {
@@ -42,3 +49,222 @@ func TestHandleC2CMessage_IncludesAccountIDMetadata(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("account_id metadata = %q, want %q", inbound.Metadata["account_id"], "7750283E123456")
 	}
 }
+
+type fakeQQAPI struct {
+	openapi.OpenAPI
+
+	transportCalls []transportCall
+	transportResp  []byte
+	transportErr   error
+
+	groupMessages []dto.APIMessage
+	groupErr      error
+}
+
+type transportCall struct {
+	method string
+	url    string
+	body   any
+}
+
+func (f *fakeQQAPI) Transport(ctx context.Context, method, url string, body any) ([]byte, error) {
+	f.transportCalls = append(f.transportCalls, transportCall{
+		method: method,
+		url:    url,
+		body:   body,
+	})
+	return f.transportResp, f.transportErr
+}
+
+func (f *fakeQQAPI) PostGroupMessage(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	groupID string,
+	msg dto.APIMessage,
+	opt ...options.Option,
+) (*dto.Message, error) {
+	f.groupMessages = append(f.groupMessages, msg)
+	if f.groupErr != nil {
+		return nil, f.groupErr
+	}
+	return &dto.Message{}, nil
+}
+
+func TestSendMedia_LocalFileUploadsThenSendsRichMediaMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	pdfPath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "report.pdf")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(pdfPath, []byte("%PDF-1.4 test"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	store := media.NewFileMediaStore()
+	ref, err := store.Store(pdfPath, media.MediaMeta{
+		Filename:    "report.pdf",
+		ContentType: "application/pdf",
+		Source:      "test",
+	}, "scope")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("store media: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	uploadedFileInfo := []byte("uploaded-file-info")
+	respBody, err := json.Marshal(struct {
+		FileInfo []byte `json:"file_info"`
+	}{
+		FileInfo: uploadedFileInfo,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("marshal response: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	api := &fakeQQAPI{transportResp: respBody}
+	ch := &QQChannel{
+		BaseChannel: channels.NewBaseChannel("qq", nil, bus.NewMessageBus(), nil),
+		api:         api,
+	}
+	ch.SetRunning(true)
+	ch.SetMediaStore(store)
+	ch.chatType.Store("group-1", "group")
+
+	err = ch.SendMedia(context.Background(), bus.OutboundMediaMessage{
+		ChatID: "group-1",
+		Parts: []bus.MediaPart{
+			{Ref: ref, Type: "file"},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SendMedia() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(api.transportCalls) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("transport call count = %d, want 1", len(api.transportCalls))
+	}
+
+	payload, ok := api.transportCalls[0].body.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("transport body type = %T, want map[string]any", api.transportCalls[0].body)
+	}
+	switch v := payload["file_type"].(type) {
+	case int:
+		if v != 4 {
+			t.Fatalf("file_type = %v, want 4", payload["file_type"])
+		}
+	case float64:
+		if v != 4 {
+			t.Fatalf("file_type = %v, want 4", payload["file_type"])
+		}
+	case uint64:
+		if v != 4 {
+			t.Fatalf("file_type = %v, want 4", payload["file_type"])
+		}
+	default:
+		t.Fatalf("file_type type = %T, want numeric 4", payload["file_type"])
+	}
+	if payload["srv_send_msg"] != false {
+		t.Fatalf("srv_send_msg = %v, want false", payload["srv_send_msg"])
+	}
+	fileData, _ := payload["file_data"].(string)
+	if fileData == "" {
+		t.Fatal("file_data is empty, want base64-encoded local file contents")
+	}
+	if payload["file_name"] != "report.pdf" {
+		t.Fatalf("file_name = %v, want %q", payload["file_name"], "report.pdf")
+	}
+
+	if len(api.groupMessages) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("group message count = %d, want 1", len(api.groupMessages))
+	}
+
+	msg, ok := api.groupMessages[0].(*dto.MessageToCreate)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("group message type = %T, want *dto.MessageToCreate", api.groupMessages[0])
+	}
+	if msg.MsgType != dto.RichMediaMsg {
+		t.Fatalf("msg_type = %v, want %v", msg.MsgType, dto.RichMediaMsg)
+	}
+	if msg.Media == nil {
+		t.Fatal("msg.Media is nil, want uploaded file_info")
+	}
+	if string(msg.Media.FileInfo) != string(uploadedFileInfo) {
+		t.Fatalf("file_info = %q, want %q", string(msg.Media.FileInfo), string(uploadedFileInfo))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendMedia_LocalFileUploadFailureReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	filePath := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "notes.txt")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("hello"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	store := media.NewFileMediaStore()
+	ref, err := store.Store(filePath, media.MediaMeta{
+		Filename:    "notes.txt",
+		ContentType: "text/plain",
+		Source:      "test",
+	}, "scope")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("store media: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	api := &fakeQQAPI{transportErr: errors.New("upload failed")}
+	ch := &QQChannel{
+		BaseChannel: channels.NewBaseChannel("qq", nil, bus.NewMessageBus(), nil),
+		api:         api,
+	}
+	ch.SetRunning(true)
+	ch.SetMediaStore(store)
+	ch.chatType.Store("group-1", "group")
+
+	err = ch.SendMedia(context.Background(), bus.OutboundMediaMessage{
+		ChatID: "group-1",
+		Parts: []bus.MediaPart{
+			{Ref: ref, Type: "file"},
+		},
+	})
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("SendMedia() error = nil, want upload failure")
+	}
+	if len(api.groupMessages) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("group message count = %d, want 0 after upload failure", len(api.groupMessages))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSendMedia_RemoteURLStillUsesRichMediaDirectSend(t *testing.T) {
+	api := &fakeQQAPI{}
+	ch := &QQChannel{
+		BaseChannel: channels.NewBaseChannel("qq", nil, bus.NewMessageBus(), nil),
+		api:         api,
+	}
+	ch.SetRunning(true)
+	ch.chatType.Store("group-1", "group")
+
+	err := ch.SendMedia(context.Background(), bus.OutboundMediaMessage{
+		ChatID: "group-1",
+		Parts: []bus.MediaPart{
+			{
+				Ref:  "https://example.com/report.pdf",
+				Type: "file",
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SendMedia() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(api.transportCalls) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("transport call count = %d, want 0 for remote URL", len(api.transportCalls))
+	}
+	if len(api.groupMessages) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("group message count = %d, want 1", len(api.groupMessages))
+	}
+
+	msg, ok := api.groupMessages[0].(*dto.RichMediaMessage)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("group message type = %T, want *dto.RichMediaMessage", api.groupMessages[0])
+	}
+	if msg.URL != "https://example.com/report.pdf" {
+		t.Fatalf("URL = %q, want %q", msg.URL, "https://example.com/report.pdf")
+	}
+	if !msg.SrvSendMsg {
+		t.Fatal("SrvSendMsg = false, want true")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pkg/channels/qq/upload.go b/pkg/channels/qq/upload.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6001fa3b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/channels/qq/upload.go
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package qq
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/tencent-connect/botgo/constant"
+	"github.com/tencent-connect/botgo/dto"
+
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/bus"
+	"github.com/sipeed/picoclaw/pkg/channels"
+)
+
+func qqFileType(mediaType string) uint64 {
+	switch mediaType {
+	case "image":
+		return 1
+	case "video":
+		return 2
+	case "audio":
+		return 3
+	default:
+		return 4
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *QQChannel) uploadLocalMedia(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	chatKind string,
+	chatID string,
+	partType string,
+	filename string,
+	localPath string,
+) ([]byte, error) {
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(localPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("read local media: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	filename = strings.TrimSpace(filename)
+	if filename == "" {
+		filename = filepath.Base(localPath)
+	} else {
+		filename = filepath.Base(filename)
+	}
+
+	payload := map[string]any{
+		"file_type":    qqFileType(partType),
+		"file_name":    filename,
+		"srv_send_msg": false,
+		"file_data":    base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(content),
+	}
+
+	respBody, err := c.api.Transport(ctx, http.MethodPost, c.uploadURL(chatKind, chatID), payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("upload local media: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var uploaded dto.Message
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &uploaded); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode upload response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(uploaded.FileInfo) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("upload local media: empty file_info")
+	}
+
+	return uploaded.FileInfo, nil
+}
+
+func (c *QQChannel) uploadURL(chatKind, chatID string) string {
+	if chatKind == "group" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s/v2/groups/%s/files", constant.APIDomain, chatID)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/v2/users/%s/files", constant.APIDomain, chatID)
+}
+
+func (c *QQChannel) sendUploadedMedia(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	chatKind string,
+	chatID string,
+	part bus.MediaPart,
+	fileInfo []byte,
+) error {
+	msgToCreate := &dto.MessageToCreate{
+		Content: part.Caption,
+		MsgType: dto.RichMediaMsg,
+		Media: &dto.MediaInfo{
+			FileInfo: fileInfo,
+		},
+	}
+
+	c.applyReplyContext(chatID, msgToCreate)
+
+	var err error
+	if chatKind == "group" {
+		_, err = c.api.PostGroupMessage(ctx, chatID, msgToCreate)
+	} else {
+		_, err = c.api.PostC2CMessage(ctx, chatID, msgToCreate)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("qq send uploaded media: %w", channels.ErrTemporary)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}