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Java-based Technique Tree

CS Foundations

  • Data Structure and Algorithms
  • Computer Architecture
  • Operating System Concepts
  • Computer Networks
  • Database System Concepts

Programming Languages

  • Infrastructure
    • C
    • C++ (pronounced "cee plus plus")
    • Golang
    • Rust (/rʌst/)
    • Lua (pronounced "Loo-uh")
  • Application
    • Java (pronounced "/ˈdʒɑːvə/")
    • C# (pronounced "c sharp")
    • Visual Basic .NET
    • PHP
    • Ruby (/ˈruːbi/)
    • JavaScript
    • Kotlin (/ˈkɒtlɪn/)
    • Objective-C
    • Swift
  • Glue
    • Python (/ˈpaɪθɑːn/)
    • Perl (/pɜː(r)l/)
    • Groovy (/ˈɡruːvi/)
  • Specific Domain
    • SQL (pronounced "S-Q-L" /ˈɛs kjuː ˈɛl/ or "sequel" /ˈsiːkwəl/)
    • Shell (/ʃel/)
    • R

Java Utility Libraries

Core / General-Purpose

  • Google Guava
  • Apache Commons Lang
  • Hutool

Data Handling

  • Math
    • Apache Commons Math
  • Datetime
    • JodaTime
  • Cryptographic
    • Apache Commons Codec

Parser

  • JSON
    • Google GSON
    • Jackson
    • org.json
    • XStream
    • JSON-lib
  • XML
    • JDK JAXB
    • STaX
    • Xerces/Xerces2
    • JAXP
    • Dom4j
    • Xstream
  • HTML
    • Jsoup

Chart, Report, Graph

  • JFreeChart
  • JFreeReport
  • JGraphT

GUI / Windowing

  • Swing
  • SWT
  • Eclipse RCP

IO and File Manipulation

Network

  • HTTP Client
    • Java Built-in HttpURLConnection
    • Java 9 HttpClient API
    • Apache HttpComponents HttpClient
    • Unirest HTTP API
    • OkHttp
    • Spring REST Client
  • Email
    • Spring framework
    • javax.mail
    • Apache Commons Email
  • Socket
    • Netty
    • Apache MINA
  • Serialization
    • Google Protocol Buffers

Development

  • Dev
    • Lombok
  • Static Analysis
    • Eclipse JDT
  • Bytecode
    • Javassist
    • CgLib
  • Logging
    • java.util.logging (JUL). If logging is unimportant, j.u.l is fine.
    • Apache Log4j2
    • Logback
    • SLF4J. (SLF4J is a logging facade. SLF4J allows the end-user the liberty to choose the underlying logging framework.)
    • Slf4j + Log4j
    • Scribe + Kafka
  • Unit Testing
    • JUnit
    • Mockito

Messaging

  • JMS
  • MQ

Embedded SQL Database

  • H2
  • HSQL
  • Derby

NLP

  • OpenNLP
  • Stanford Parser

Schedule

  • Spring
  • quartz

Work Flow

  • Activiti

Java Data Access

  • Cache

    • Guava Cache
    • Ehcache
    • Redis
    • Memcached

  • JDBC Database Access

    • JDBC for PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle
      • Batch Operations, Transaction Management, Advanced Data Type, Store Procedure

  • JDBC Connection Pools

    • Apache Commons DBCP
    • C3P0
    • HikariCP
    • Tomcat JDBC
    • Alibaba Druid

  • JDBC Troubleshooting

    • P6spy

  • Java NoSQL Access

    • Redis
      • Lettuce
      • Jedis
      • Redisson
      • Spring Data Redis
        • Redis support (RedisTemplate)
        • Redis Repositories
    • MongoDB
      • MongoDB Java Driver
      • Spring Data MongoDB

  • Java Persistence Framework

    • Spring JdbcTemplate. Using JdbcTemplate you are using a lower level access, with more flexibility, but probably also more boilerplate.
    • Spring Data JPA. JPA is database-agnostic, meaning that the same code can be used in a variety of databases with few (or no) modifications.
    • Spring Data JDBC. JDBC is database-dependent, which means that different scripts must be written for different databases.
    • JOOQ
    • JPA
    • MyBatis
    • Mybatis-Plus
    • Hibernate
    • paoding-rose-jade

  • Java Search Engine Access

    • Elasticsearch
      • Java REST Client
        • Java Low Level REST Client
        • Java High Level REST Client
      • Java API (deprecated)
      • Spring Data Elasticserach
        • Elasticsearch Operations (ElasticsearchRestTemplate)
        • Elasticsearch Repositories

Java Web Development

Network Programming

  • TCP/IP
  • Network IO (BIO, NIO, AIO)
  • Socket & SSL
  • Web Socket
    • Spring WebSockets support
  • NIO Frameworks
    • Netty
    • Apache Mina
  • Reactive Frameworks
    • Eclipse Vert.x
  • RPC Frameworks
    • Web Service
    • Apache Thrift
    • gRPC

Third Party Platforms

  • WeChat official account
  • Payment
    • WeChat Pay
    • Alipay
  • Share SDK
    • Open QQ, Weixin, Weibo
    • Facebook, Twitter
  • SMS
    • 创蓝, alisms
  • Push
    • 个推, 极光, 腾讯推送
  • Bot
    • Telegram
    • Slack
  • Automation Workflow
    • Zapier

Data Storage and Search

Database Index & Cache Cluster & Search Engine

Database Systems

  • Relational Databases
    • H2 Database
    • SQLite
    • MySQL (pronounced "My S-Q-L" or "my sequel")
    • MariaDB
    • PostgreSQL
    • SQL Server
    • Oracle
  • Key-Value Databases
    • Redis
    • Memcached
  • Document Databases
    • MongoDB
    • DynamoDB
    • Couchbase Server
    • Google Cloud Firestore
    • MongoDB Atlas
  • Wide Column Databases
    • Cassandra
    • HBase
  • Search Engines
    • Apache Lucene
    • Apache Solr
    • Elasticsearch
    • Algolia
    • Meilisearch
  • Graph Databases
    • Neo4j
  • Multi-model Database
    • Fauna DB

Other Data Storage

  • Object Storage
    • MinIO
    • SeaweedFS
  • Cache
    • Ehcache
    • Guava's Cache
    • Redis
    • Memcached

Information Security

Web Security

  • HTTPS, SSL
  • Authentication and Authorization
    • OAuth2.0
    • JSON Web Token(JWT)
  • Encryption
    • Jasypt-spring-boot

Performance Optimization

有时候堆硬件比人工便宜。聘一个技术大佬，一年年薪估计要50万或者上百万。

Optimization Goals

  • High Concurrency

    • Metrics
      • Throughput (High throughput)
      • Response Time (Low latency)
      • QPS (Query Per Second)
      • Concurrent Users Number
    • Solutions
      • Scale Up
      • Scale Out
    • Scenarios
      • CPU Intensive (Compute intensive)
      • IO Intensive

  • High Performance

    • Factors
      • Resource Utilization

  • High Availability

  • High Scalability

    • Horizontal Scalability

  • Big Data

Optimization Aspects

  • Application Architecture
  • Concurrency Performance
  • Network and Disk IO Performance
  • Data Cache and Storage Performance
  • JVM Memory Optimization
  • Database and SQL Optimization

DevOps & SRE

  • DevOps Platform
  • Source Control Management
    • GitHub, GitLab
  • Cloud Continuous Integration (CI) Services
    • CircleCI
    • Codeship
    • Travis
    • Wercker
    • GitLab CI
    • GitHub Actions
  • Code Quality Analysis
    • SonarQube
  • CD Tools – Automate the Build
    • Jenkins
    • GitHub Webhooks
    • Script
      • Bash Shell
      • Python
    • Red Hat Ansible
  • Container
    • Docker
    • Kubernates
    • Minikube
    • k3s
    • Helm
  • Monitor / Issue Tracking
    • Zabbix
    • Prometheus
    • Jira
    • Slack
  • Repo Badges
    • Basic
      • Shields.io (license, maven, issues, starts, forks, pull requests)
    • Continuous Integration
      • Travis (build passing)
    • Code Quality
      • Codacy Grade (code quality)
      • SonarCloud (code smells, coverage, reliability)
    • Test Coverage
      • Codecov.io
    • Security Vulnerability Detection
      • Snyk.io
    • Team Work Analysis
      • Code Climate

Test

  • UI Test
    • Selenium
    • Robot Framework
    • Protractor
  • Unit Test
    • JUnit
    • TestNG
    • Spock
  • Mock Test
    • Mockito
    • PowerMock
  • Service/Integration Test
    • JBehave, FitNesse, SoapUI, JMeter Performance Tests
  • Performance Test
    • Jmeter

Common Tools

  • Version Control
    • Git
    • SVN
  • Editor
    • Vim
    • Nano
    • Atom
    • Visual Studio Code
    • Sublime Text
    • Emacs
    • Notepad++
  • Web Browser DevTools
    • Chrome DevTools
    • Firefox Developer Tools
  • Database Clients
    • Common
      • Navicat
      • Table Plus
      • Data Grip (auto-complete)
      • DBeaver (Free for basic usage and open source)
      • DB Visualizer
    • For MySQL
      • Navicat for MySQL
      • SQLyog
      • MySQL Workbench (free)
      • phpMyAdmin (free and open source)
      • HeidiSQL (free and open source)

Java Tools

  • Project Build
    • Maven
    • Maven Wrapper
    • Gradle
  • Artifact Repository Management
    • Apache Archiva
    • JFrog Artifactory
    • Sonatype Nexus
  • IDE
    • IntelliJ IDEA (pronounced "Intelli(gent) J(ava) idea")
    • Eclipse
  • JVM Monitor / Application Performance Monitor
    • Java Mission Control (JMC, included in JDK/bin)
    • JConsole (included in JDK/bin). A tool for GC profiling.
    • VisualVM (included in JDK/bin, the VisualGC is a plugin for VisualVM)
    • Alibaba Arthas (open source by Alibaba)
    • Micrometer
    • Stagemonitor
    • Pinpoint
    • GCHisto. An offline GC analysis tool, but now it's unavailable.
  • JVM Command-Line Utility
    • jps (included in JDK/bin, obtain jvm Process ID)
    • jstack (included in JDK/bin, obtain Java and native stack information)
    • jmap (included in JDK/bin, obtain memory map information, including a heap histogram)
    • jcmd (included in JDK/bin, to send diagnostic command requests to the JVM)
    • jstat (included in JDK/bin, obtain information about performance and resource consumption)
  • JVM Profiling
    • JProfiler (commercial. features: live profiling, offline profiling, view HPROF snapshot)
    • Eclipse Memory Analyzer (MAT, free, to analyze heap dumps)
  • Java Development tools
    • Hot Reload / Restart
      • JRebel
      • Spring Boot DevTools
    • Automate code
      • Lombok
      • MyBatis Generator

Distributed System

Microservices

  • Distributed Collaboration (Centralized Service, Service Registration and Discovery, Service Governance)
    • Spring Cloud
    • Apache Zookeeper (/ˈzuːˌkiːpə(r)/)
    • Apache Dubbo (/ˈdʌbəʊ/)
    • Nagios
    • Zabbix
    • Consul
    • Paxos
    • Raft
    • Apache Curator
  • Distributed Messaging (Asynchronous Message Queuing)
    • RabbitMQ
    • Apache Kafka (/ˈkæfkə/) (Logging, Async writing data to RDBMS)
    • Apache ActiveMQ
    • Amazon SQS
  • RPC
    • gRPC
    • Apache Thrift

Distributed Data Storage and Search

  • Database Cluster (Sharding, High Availability, Compatible with MySQL Protocol)
    • Mycat
    • TiDB
    • alibaba/cobar
  • Distributed Database
    • Cassandra
    • Consensus
    • Bigtable
    • HBase
  • Distributed Cache
    • Memcached
    • Redis
  • Distributed Search Engine
    • Elasticsearch
  • Distributed File Systems
    • HDFS
    • IPFS
    • FastDFS
  • Big Data
    • Apache Hadoop (/həˈduːp/)

Distributed Computing

  • MapReduce
  • Kafka Streams
  • Apache Spark
  • Apache Storm
  • Apache Samza
  • TensorFlow
  • Mesos
  • Hadoop

Distributed DevOps

  • Container
    • Docker (/ˈdɑːkər/)
    • Kubernates (/k(j)uːbəˈnɛtɪs/)
    • Helm
  • Load Balancing
    • HAProxy
    • nginx
    • squid
    • Keepalived

Architecture & Design Patterns

  • Design Patterns

Cloud Computing

  • Types of cloud computing
    • Public cloud
    • Private cloud
    • Hybrid cloud
  • Types of cloud services
    • FaaS (Function as a Service) / Serverless Computing
      • AWS Lambda (Event-driven Serverless Applications)
    • SaaS (Software as a Service)
    • PaaS (Platform as a Service)
    • IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
      • OpenStack
      • CloudStack
  • Virtualization
    • KVM/XEN
  • Container

AI

  • Machine Learning
  • Deep Learning
  • Reinforcement Learning
  • Robotics
  • Computer Vision
  • Natural Language Processing (NLP)
  • Recommender Systems

Big Data

  • Big Data Engineering
    • Hadoop
    • HDFS
    • Kafka
    • MapReduce
    • Apache Zookeeper
    • Hive
  • Big Data Analytics
    • Apache Storm
    • Apache Spark
    • Apache Kinesis
    • Apache Spark Streaming

Game Development

IoT

Source Code

  • Java Fundamentals
    • JDK JUC
    • JDK util (ArrayList, HashMap, LinkedHashMap, LinkedList, HashTable, HashSet)
    • JDK lang (String, Object, StringBuffer, StringBuilder, Integer)
    • HotSpot VM
    • Google Guava
    • Apache Commons
    • JUnit
    • Log4j
  • Java Network
    • Netty
    • OkHttp
    • Apache Thrift
  • Java Web
    • Tomcat
    • Spring Framework
  • Others
    • Lucene
    • Elasticsearch

References

[1] A Thorough Introduction to Distributed Systems

[2] What is cloud computing? A beginner’s guide

[3] Big Data Learning Path for all Engineers and Data Scientists out there

[4] repo-badges - GitHub

[5] Hot topics in AI research - Medium

[6] Artificial Intelligence - Research Areas - Tutorialspoint

[7] The Most Widely Used Java Libraries

[8] 20+ Essential Java Libraries and APIs Every Programmer Should Learn in 2021

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