From 0a48381e79ca88d1924fd2c3283f944a6e4c9b3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 00:01:02 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 01/27] =?UTF-8?q?docs:=20README=EC=97=90=20=EA=B8=B0?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=8A=A5=20=EB=AA=A9=EB=A1=9D=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 README.md | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d0286c859f..466d0d7856 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1 +1,52 @@
-# java-racingcar-precourse
+# 🚗 자동차 경주 – 기능 요구 사항 (커밋 단위)
+
+## 1. 입력 처리
+- [ ] 자동차 이름 입력받기
+    - [ ] 콘솔에서 한 줄 입력으로 이름 목록을 받는다 (예: `pobi,woni,jun`).
+    - [ ] 이름 구분자는 쉼표(,)만 허용한다.
+    - [ ] 각 이름은 5자 이하여야 한다 → 아니면 `IllegalArgumentException`.
+    - [ ] 빈 이름(예: `pobi,,jun`) 또는 공백만 입력된 이름이 있으면 `IllegalArgumentException`.
+- [ ] 이동 횟수 입력받기
+    - [ ] 콘솔에서 한 줄 입력으로 정수를 받는다 (예: `5`).
+    - [ ] 정수가 아닌 값이면 `IllegalArgumentException`.
+    - [ ] 음수/0 등 유효하지 않은 시도 횟수면 `IllegalArgumentException`.
+
+---
+
+## 2. 자동차 상태 초기화
+- [ ] 입력된 이름들로 자동차 리스트를 생성한다.
+- [ ] 각 자동차의 초기 이동거리 = 0 으로 설정한다.
+
+---
+
+## 3. 라운드 진행 (시도 횟수만큼 반복)
+- [ ] 매 라운드에서 모든 자동차에 대해 다음을 수행한다.
+    - [ ] 무작위 정수 0~9 하나를 뽑는다 (`Randoms.pickNumberInRange(0, 9)` 사용).
+    - [ ] 값이 4 이상이면 해당 자동차의 이동거리를 +1 한다.
+    - [ ] 값이 3 이하면 이동하지 않는다.
+- [ ] 라운드 종료 시 결과 출력
+    - [ ] 각 자동차에 대해 `이름 : ----` 형식으로 현재까지의 이동거리를 막대(`-`)로 출력한다.
+    - [ ] 출력은 자동차 입력 순서를 유지한다.
+    - [ ] 매 라운드 출력 사이에 빈 줄 없이 예시와 동일한 형식으로 누적 결과를 보여준다.
+    - 예)
+      ```
+      pobi : --
+      woni : ---
+      jun : -
+      ```
+
+---
+
+## 4. 우승자 판별 및 출력
+- [ ] 모든 라운드 종료 후 최대 이동거리를 구한다.
+- [ ] 최대 이동거리와 같아진 자동차들을 우승자 목록으로 만든다.
+- [ ] 우승자가 여러 명일 수 있으며, 이름을 쉼표(,) 로 연결해 출력한다.
+- [ ] 출력 형식은 정확히 다음과 같다.
+    - [ ] 단독 우승: `최종 우승자 : pobi`
+    - [ ] 공동 우승: `최종 우승자 : pobi, jun`
+
+---
+
+## 5. 예외 처리
+- [ ] 입력 형식이 잘못된 경우 즉시 `IllegalArgumentException` 발생.
+- [ ] 예외 발생 후 애플리케이션은 종료한다.  

From f406be65572a553c1829acbb6cc15ba1647bab93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 14:55:41 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 02/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=B3=B8=20=ED=8C=A8?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=82=A4=EC=A7=80=20=EA=B5=AC=EC=84=B1=20=EB=B0=8F=20=EC=B4=88?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B8=B0=20=EA=B5=AC=EC=A1=B0=20=EC=84=A4=EC=A0=95?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Application 진입점(main)과 RacingController 실행 흐름을 구성했다. domain, controller, view, util 패키지와 필요한 기본 클래스를 추가해 계층별 구조를 갖추고 이후 기능 확장 기반을 마련함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/Application.java                 | 5 ++++-
 src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java | 6 ++++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java                  | 4 ++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java                 | 4 ++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java  | 4 ++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java              | 4 ++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java              | 4 ++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java             | 5 +++++
 8 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/Application.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/Application.java
index a17a52e724..3a853e0280 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/Application.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/Application.java
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 package racingcar;
 
+import racingcar.controller.RacingController;
+
 public class Application {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        // TODO: 프로그램 구현
+        RacingController racingController = new RacingController();
+        racingController.start();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a54201c932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package racingcar.controller;
+
+public class RacingController {
+    public void start(){
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a4523d1a65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package racingcar.domain;
+
+public class Car {
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1303b05b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package racingcar.domain;
+
+public class Cars {
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a388d22b1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package racingcar.util;
+
+public class RandomNumberGenerator {
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23a7e9dc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package racingcar.util;
+
+public class Validator {
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2361ba2f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package racingcar.view;
+
+public class InputView {
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47586ad638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package racingcar.view;
+
+public class OutputView {
+
+}

From 1b5db61cefb7078a361363deae3814b18ad4344a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 15:14:07 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 03/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=9E=90=EB=8F=99=EC=B0=A8=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=9D=B4=EB=A6=84=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B5=AC=ED=98=84?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

RacingController에서 InputView.readInput을 호출해 입력 흐름을 연결함. 콘솔에서 자동차 이름을 입력받아 쉼표로 분리하고, 각 이름의 앞뒤 공백을 제거해 목록 형태로 반환하도록 구현함.
---
 .../java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java |  5 +++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java         | 13 +++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index a54201c932..048535815c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 package racingcar.controller;
 
+import racingcar.view.InputView;
+
 public class RacingController {
+    InputView inputView = new InputView();
+
     public void start(){
+        String[] carNames = inputView.readInput();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index 2361ba2f5a..f67972a9f5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
 package racingcar.view;
 
+import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.Console;
+
 public class InputView {
+    public String[] readInput(){
+        System.out.println("경주할 자동차 이름을 입력하세요.(이름은 쉼표(,) 기준으로 구분)");
+        String input = Console.readLine();
+        String[] carNames = input.split(",");
+
+        for(int i=0;i<carNames.length;i++){
+            carNames[i] = carNames[i].trim();
+        }
+
+        return carNames;
+    }
 }

From f5076c908df26176afba68de5d0fd6f46835af9a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 15:31:45 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 04/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=9E=90=EB=8F=99=EC=B0=A8=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=9D=B4=EB=A6=84=20=EC=9C=A0=ED=9A=A8=EC=84=B1=20=EA=B2=80?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=A6=9D=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

자동차 이름이 5자를 초과하거나 빈 문자열, 공백만 포함된 경우 예외를 발생시키도록 검증을 적용함. 기존 Validator에서 로직을 분리해 각 이름 입력 시 유효성을 확인함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java | 12 +++++++++++-
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java |  2 ++
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
index 23a7e9dc85..18cd73b6e0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
@@ -1,4 +1,14 @@
 package racingcar.util;
 
-public class Validator {
+public final class Validator {
+    private Validator() {}
+
+    public static void validateCarName(String name) {
+        if (name.isBlank()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 공백일 수 없습니다.");
+        }
+        if (name.length() > 5) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 5자 이하만 가능합니다.");
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index f67972a9f5..07f41c16ad 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package racingcar.view;
 
 import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.Console;
+import racingcar.util.Validator;
 
 public class InputView {
     public String[] readInput(){
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ public String[] readInput(){
 
         for(int i=0;i<carNames.length;i++){
             carNames[i] = carNames[i].trim();
+            Validator.validateCarName(carNames[i]);
         }
 
         return carNames;

From a16772994aaf37e756e1d09e16db88d230e23420 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 15:39:05 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 05/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=8B=9C=EB=8F=84=20=ED=9A=9F?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=88=98=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20=EA=B5=AC?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=98=84?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

콘솔에서 시도 횟수를 입력받아 정수로 변환하는 기능을 추가했다. InputView에 readAttemptCount 메서드를 구현했으며, 기존 readInput 메서드는 역할을 명확히 하기 위해 readCarNames로 이름을 변경했다.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java | 3 ++-
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java              | 9 ++++++++-
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index 048535815c..d6432fba39 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ public class RacingController {
     InputView inputView = new InputView();
 
     public void start(){
-        String[] carNames = inputView.readInput();
+        String[] carNames = inputView.readCarNames();
+        int attemptCount = inputView.readAttemptCount();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index 07f41c16ad..d7200ac7f8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import racingcar.util.Validator;
 
 public class InputView {
-    public String[] readInput(){
+    public String[] readCarNames(){
         System.out.println("경주할 자동차 이름을 입력하세요.(이름은 쉼표(,) 기준으로 구분)");
         String input = Console.readLine();
         String[] carNames = input.split(",");
@@ -16,4 +16,11 @@ public String[] readInput(){
 
         return carNames;
     }
+
+    public int readAttemptCount(){
+        System.out.println("시도할 횟수를 입력하세요.");
+        String input = Console.readLine();
+        int attemptCount = Integer.parseInt(input);
+        return attemptCount;
+    }
 }

From a2bcc918c6d6036a16a9981e62b93e894df1d956 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Sun, 26 Oct 2025 15:49:45 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 06/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=8B=9C=EB=8F=84=20=ED=9A=9F?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=88=98=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=EA=B0=92=20=EA=B2=80=EC=A6=9D=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

시도 횟수가 1 이하일 경우 예외를 발생시키고, 정수가 아닌 입력에 대해 NumberFormatException을 IllegalArgumentException으로 변환하도록 처리했다. Validator 클래스에 validateAttemptCount 메서드를 추가해 입력값 검증 책임을 분리했다.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java |  6 ++++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java | 10 ++++++++--
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
index 18cd73b6e0..93df705258 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
@@ -11,4 +11,10 @@ public static void validateCarName(String name) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 5자 이하만 가능합니다.");
         }
     }
+
+    public static void validateAttemptCount(int count) {
+        if (count <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("시도 횟수는 1회 이상이어야 합니다.");
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index d7200ac7f8..ff8823f2a7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -20,7 +20,13 @@ public String[] readCarNames(){
     public int readAttemptCount(){
         System.out.println("시도할 횟수를 입력하세요.");
         String input = Console.readLine();
-        int attemptCount = Integer.parseInt(input);
-        return attemptCount;
+
+        try {
+            int attemptCount = Integer.parseInt(input);
+            Validator.validateAttemptCount(attemptCount);
+            return attemptCount;
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("시도 횟수는 정수만 입력할 수 있습니다.");
+        }
     }
 }

From 26cb5a160d35693d478d1943a5bc92cc74615107 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 14:17:49 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 07/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20Car=20=ED=81=B4=EB=9E=98=EC=8A=A4?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20=EC=83=9D=EC=84=B1=20=EB=B0=8F=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=8F=99=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20=EA=B5=AC=ED=98=84?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

자동차의 이름과 위치를 관리하는 필드를 추가하고, 난수 값이 4 이상일 때 전진하는 move 메서드를 구현했다. 필요한 정보를 제공하기 위해 getName과 getPosition 메서드를 포함함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java | 13 +++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
index a4523d1a65..b4cbc7a002 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
@@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
 package racingcar.domain;
 
 public class Car {
+    private final String name;
+    private int position = 0;
+
+    public Car(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public void move(int randomNumber) {
+        if (randomNumber >= 4) position++;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() { return name; }
+    public int getPosition() { return position; }
 }

From 99cea7ef41565cc3c5ea71ba1521c017cb829b84 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 16:47:46 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 08/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20RandomNumberGenerator=20=EC=9C=A0?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=8B=B8=20=ED=81=B4=EB=9E=98=EC=8A=A4=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

프로젝트 전반에서 일관된 랜덤 정수 생성을 위해
범위 기반 랜덤 유틸리티 클래스를 추가함.
final 클래스와 private 생성자를 적용해 인스턴스화를 방지함.
---
 .../java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java    | 11 +++++++++--
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java
index a388d22b1d..6bc74b8304 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/util/RandomNumberGenerator.java
@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
 package racingcar.util;
 
-public class RandomNumberGenerator {
-}
+import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.Randoms;
+
+public final class RandomNumberGenerator {
+    private RandomNumberGenerator() {}
+
+    public static int generateInRange(int start, int end) {
+        return Randoms.pickNumberInRange(start, end);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

From a669b7fd9a0b2bcdf22aeab674a7b441ea5a58a6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 17:13:23 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 09/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20Cars=20=EC=9D=BC=EA=B8=89=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=BB=AC=EB=A0=89=EC=85=98=20=EA=B5=AC=ED=98=84=20=EB=B0=8F=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=9D=B4=EB=8F=99=20=EB=A1=9C=EC=A7=81=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

자동차 객체를 관리하는 일급 컬렉션 Cars 클래스를 추가함.
List.copyOf()로 외부 리스트를 불변 복사하여 내부 상태를 보호함.
moveAll() 메서드로 모든 자동차를 일괄 이동시키고,
RandomNumberGenerator를 활용해 랜덤 값 생성 책임을 분리함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
index 1303b05b66..2a110f7500 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
@@ -1,4 +1,28 @@
 package racingcar.domain;
 
+import racingcar.util.RandomNumberGenerator;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
 public class Cars {
+    private static final int RANDOM_MIN = 0;
+    private static final int RANDOM_MAX = 9;
+
+    private final List<Car> cars;
+
+    public Cars(List<Car> cars) {
+        this.cars = List.copyOf(cars);
+    }
+
+    public void moveAll() {
+        for (Car car : cars) {
+            int random = RandomNumberGenerator.generateInRange(RANDOM_MIN, RANDOM_MAX);
+            car.move(random);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public List<Car> getCars() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(cars);
+    }
 }

From ac90e8c334c7e56edc4b4a57061790fdcfd01710 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 17:25:00 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 10/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=82=AC=EC=9A=A9=EC=9E=90=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=EC=9C=BC=EB=A1=9C=20=EC=9E=90=EB=8F=99?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=B0=A8=20=EB=AA=A9=EB=A1=9D=20=EC=B4=88=EA=B8=B0=ED=99=94?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

InputView에서 입력받은 자동차 이름 배열을 Car 객체 리스트로 변환하고,
이를 기반으로 Cars 객체를 생성하여 경주 준비 단계의 초기화를 완료함.
---
 .../java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java  | 12 ++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index d6432fba39..2065773d1a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -1,12 +1,24 @@
 package racingcar.controller;
 
+import racingcar.domain.Car;
+import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 import racingcar.view.InputView;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
 public class RacingController {
     InputView inputView = new InputView();
 
     public void start(){
         String[] carNames = inputView.readCarNames();
         int attemptCount = inputView.readAttemptCount();
+
+        List<Car> carList = Arrays.stream(carNames)
+                .map(Car::new)
+                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        Cars cars = new Cars(carList);
     }
 }

From 9c65ce393c996c7076ff49a5bce1c95e1557e45c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 17:50:51 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 11/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20=EC=9E=90=EB=8F=99=EC=B0=A8?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=A6=84=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=20=EB=B0=98=ED=99=98?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20=ED=83=80=EC=9E=85=EC=9D=84=20List=EB=A1=9C=20=EB=B3=80?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B2=BD?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

readCarNames()의 반환 타입을 String[]에서 List<String>으로 변경함.
데이터 변환 과정을 단순하게 정리하고 코드 흐름을 간결하게 만듦.
---
 .../racingcar/controller/RacingController.java   |  8 +++-----
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java      | 16 ++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index 2065773d1a..d848e13217 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -4,20 +4,18 @@
 import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 import racingcar.view.InputView;
 
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 public class RacingController {
     InputView inputView = new InputView();
 
     public void start(){
-        String[] carNames = inputView.readCarNames();
+        List<String> carNames = inputView.readCarNames();
         int attemptCount = inputView.readAttemptCount();
 
-        List<Car> carList = Arrays.stream(carNames)
+        List<Car> carList = carNames.stream()
                 .map(Car::new)
-                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                .toList();
 
         Cars cars = new Cars(carList);
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index ff8823f2a7..af93ba7e7b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@
 import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.Console;
 import racingcar.util.Validator;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
 public class InputView {
-    public String[] readCarNames(){
+    public List<String> readCarNames(){
         System.out.println("경주할 자동차 이름을 입력하세요.(이름은 쉼표(,) 기준으로 구분)");
         String input = Console.readLine();
-        String[] carNames = input.split(",");
-
-        for(int i=0;i<carNames.length;i++){
-            carNames[i] = carNames[i].trim();
-            Validator.validateCarName(carNames[i]);
-        }
 
-        return carNames;
+        return Arrays.stream(input.split(","))
+                .map(String::trim)
+                .peek(Validator::validateCarName)
+                .toList();
     }
 
     public int readAttemptCount(){

From 8ac5b6ca342cc59521755eac9805ce4e44a6819e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 17:54:08 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 12/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20RacingController=EC=97=90=20f?=
 =?UTF-8?q?inal=20=ED=95=84=EB=93=9C=20=EC=A0=81=EC=9A=A9=20=EB=B0=8F=20Ou?=
 =?UTF-8?q?tputView=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

InputView를 final 필드로 변경하여 참조의 재할당을 방지하고,
결과 출력을 위한 OutputView 필드를 새로 추가함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index d848e13217..95f33fbb12 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 import racingcar.domain.Car;
 import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 import racingcar.view.InputView;
+import racingcar.view.OutputView;
 
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class RacingController {
-    InputView inputView = new InputView();
+    private final InputView inputView = new InputView();
+    private final OutputView outputView = new OutputView();
 
     public void start(){
         List<String> carNames = inputView.readCarNames();
@@ -18,5 +20,6 @@ public void start(){
                 .toList();
 
         Cars cars = new Cars(carList);
+
     }
 }

From f4d9fa9b84c1edf5fa3f63a1045f76ace26262d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 18:20:15 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 13/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=8F=99=20=EA=B2=B0?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B3=BC=20=EC=B6=9C=EB=A0=A5=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20=EA=B5=AC?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=98=84?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

OutputView에서 각 자동차의 현재 위치를 "이름 : ---" 형식으로 출력하도록 구현함.
출력 형식 및 동작 검증을 위해 임시로 Cars.moveAll() 호출 로직을 추가함.
---
 .../java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java    |  2 ++
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java           | 10 +++++++++-
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index 95f33fbb12..094c10d05a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ public void start(){
                 .toList();
 
         Cars cars = new Cars(carList);
+        cars.moveAll();
 
+        outputView.printRoundResult(cars);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
index 47586ad638..12a1ef35a8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
@@ -1,5 +1,13 @@
 package racingcar.view;
 
-public class OutputView {
+import racingcar.domain.Car;
+import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 
+public class OutputView {
+    public void printRoundResult(Cars cars) {
+        for (Car car : cars.getCars()) {
+            System.out.println(car.getName() + " : " + "-".repeat(car.getPosition()));
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
 }

From cd0a0d78b1d8764cab494a13881076361b1470c6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 18:32:53 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 14/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=A0=84=EC=B2=B4=20=EC=8B=9C?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=8F=84=20=ED=9A=9F=EC=88=98=EB=A7=8C=ED=81=BC=20=EB=9D=BC?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=9A=B4=EB=93=9C=20=EB=B0=98=EB=B3=B5=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

입력받은 시도 횟수(attemptCount)만큼 자동차 이동과 결과 출력을 반복 실행하도록 구현함.
경주가 여러 라운드에 걸쳐 진행되도록 하여 실제 게임 흐름을 완성함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java | 7 +++++--
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java             | 4 ++++
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index 094c10d05a..951973f4b6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -20,8 +20,11 @@ public void start(){
                 .toList();
 
         Cars cars = new Cars(carList);
-        cars.moveAll();
 
-        outputView.printRoundResult(cars);
+        outputView.printStartMessage();
+        for (int i = 0; i < attemptCount; i++) {
+            cars.moveAll();
+            outputView.printRoundResult(cars);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
index 12a1ef35a8..d482e510e7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@
 import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 
 public class OutputView {
+    public void printStartMessage() {
+        System.out.println("\n실행 결과");
+    }
+
     public void printRoundResult(Cars cars) {
         for (Car car : cars.getCars()) {
             System.out.println(car.getName() + " : " + "-".repeat(car.getPosition()));

From 4df4983c46ebbac8d0cda3ff5a558197e4021f13 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 19:13:10 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 15/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=B5=9C=EC=A2=85=20=EC=9A=B0?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=8A=B9=EC=9E=90=20=ED=8C=90=EB=B3=84=20=EB=A1=9C=EC=A7=81=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B5=AC=ED=98=84?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

모든 자동차 중 가장 멀리 이동한 자동차를 찾아 우승자로 선정하는 로직을 Cars에 추가함.
최대 position 값을 기준으로 동점자도 함께 반환하도록 구현해 공동 우승 처리를 지원함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java | 12 ++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
index 2a110f7500..4ea1537f4c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 public class Cars {
     private static final int RANDOM_MIN = 0;
@@ -25,4 +26,15 @@ public void moveAll() {
     public List<Car> getCars() {
         return Collections.unmodifiableList(cars);
     }
+
+    public List<Car> getWinners() {
+        int maxPosition = cars.stream()
+                .mapToInt(Car::getPosition)
+                .max()
+                .orElse(0);
+
+        return cars.stream()
+                .filter(car -> car.getPosition() == maxPosition)
+                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
 }

From a6f80f485baf910f8d9780b33a988ce738c9aa38 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 19:45:04 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 16/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=EC=B5=9C=EC=A2=85=20=EC=9A=B0?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=8A=B9=EC=9E=90=20=EC=B6=9C=EB=A0=A5=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B5=AC=ED=98=84?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

경주 종료 후 Cars.getWinners()로 계산된 우승자 목록을
OutputView에서 "최종 우승자 : pobi, jun" 형식으로 출력하도록 구현함.
복수 우승자도 쉼표로 구분해 표시하며, 경주의 결과 흐름을 완성함.
---
 .../java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java    |  1 +
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java           | 10 ++++++++++
 2 files changed, 11 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index 951973f4b6..acb114c497 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -26,5 +26,6 @@ public void start(){
             cars.moveAll();
             outputView.printRoundResult(cars);
         }
+        outputView.printWinners(cars.getWinners());
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
index d482e510e7..058583427d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@
 import racingcar.domain.Car;
 import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
 public class OutputView {
     public void printStartMessage() {
         System.out.println("\n실행 결과");
@@ -14,4 +17,11 @@ public void printRoundResult(Cars cars) {
         }
         System.out.println();
     }
+
+    public void printWinners(List<Car> winners) {
+        String winnerNames = winners.stream()
+                .map(Car::getName)
+                .collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
+        System.out.println("최종 우승자 : " + winnerNames);
+    }
 }

From 947235b841cdd5c47fd0f80f89b31ae18daaad74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 20:07:02 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 17/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20=EC=9E=90=EB=8F=99=EC=B0=A8?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20=EC=83=81=ED=83=9C=20=EB=AC=B8=EC=9E=90=EC=97=B4=20=EC=83=9D?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=84=B1=EC=9D=84=20Car=EB=A1=9C=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=8F=99?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

OutputView에서 직접 문자열을 조합하던 로직을 Car.status()로 위임함.
View는 출력만 담당하고, Car는 자신의 상태를 스스로 표현하도록 구조 개선.
들여쓰기 depth를 줄이고 응집도를 높임.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java      | 5 +++++
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java | 4 +---
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
index b4cbc7a002..df4864182b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
@@ -13,5 +13,10 @@ public void move(int randomNumber) {
     }
 
     public String getName() { return name; }
+
     public int getPosition() { return position; }
+
+    public String status() {
+        return name + " : " + "-".repeat(position);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
index 058583427d..d701e8d536 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/OutputView.java
@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ public void printStartMessage() {
     }
 
     public void printRoundResult(Cars cars) {
-        for (Car car : cars.getCars()) {
-            System.out.println(car.getName() + " : " + "-".repeat(car.getPosition()));
-        }
+        cars.getCars().forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.status()));
         System.out.println();
     }
 

From 3a7eb771e1efc95e0af9584f2d233e9c9ca17e03 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 20:44:11 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 18/27] =?UTF-8?q?test:=20=EC=9E=90=EB=8F=99=EC=B0=A8=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B2=BD=EC=A3=BC=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=20=EC=98=88=EC=99=B8=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=B0=8F=20=EC=A0=95=EC=83=81=20=ED=9D=90=EB=A6=84=20=ED=85=8C?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=8A=A4=ED=8A=B8=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80=ED=95=A8?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

입력 데이터의 유효성과 게임 진행 흐름이 요구사항에 따라 동작함을 보장하기 위함
- 정상 입력 시 실행 결과 및 우승자 출력 테스트 추가함
- 이름 길이 초과 입력에 대한 예외 테스트 추가함
- 공백 포함 입력에 대한 예외 테스트 추가함
- 빈 이름 입력에 대한 예외 테스트 추가함
- 중복 이름 입력에 대한 예외 테스트 추가함
- 음수 및 숫자가 아닌 입력에 대한 예외 테스트 추가함
- 공동 우승자 출력 형식 테스트 추가함
---
 src/test/java/racingcar/ApplicationTest.java | 84 +++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 75 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/racingcar/ApplicationTest.java b/src/test/java/racingcar/ApplicationTest.java
index 1d35fc33fe..c354adfc2e 100644
--- a/src/test/java/racingcar/ApplicationTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/racingcar/ApplicationTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package racingcar;
 
 import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.test.NsTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import static camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.test.Assertions.assertRandomNumberInRangeTest;
@@ -12,22 +13,87 @@ class ApplicationTest extends NsTest {
     private static final int MOVING_FORWARD = 4;
     private static final int STOP = 3;
 
+    @DisplayName("정상 입력 시, 결과를 출력하고 우승자를 안내한다")
     @Test
-    void 기능_테스트() {
+    void 정상_플로우_테스트() {
         assertRandomNumberInRangeTest(
-            () -> {
-                run("pobi,woni", "1");
-                assertThat(output()).contains("pobi : -", "woni : ", "최종 우승자 : pobi");
-            },
-            MOVING_FORWARD, STOP
+                () -> {
+                    run("pobi,woni", "1");
+                    assertThat(output())
+                            .contains("실행 결과")
+                            .contains("pobi : -")
+                            .contains("woni : ")
+                            .contains("최종 우승자 : pobi");
+                },
+                MOVING_FORWARD, STOP
         );
     }
 
+    @DisplayName("자동차 이름이 5자 초과면 예외가 발생한다")
     @Test
-    void 예외_테스트() {
+    void 이름_길이_초과_예외() {
         assertSimpleTest(() ->
-            assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException("pobi,javaji", "1"))
-                .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+                assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException("pobi,javaji", "1"))
+                        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @DisplayName("자동차 이름에 공백만 존재하면 예외 발생")
+    @Test
+    void 이름_공백_예외() {
+        assertSimpleTest(() ->
+                assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException("pobi,   ,jun", "2"))
+                        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @DisplayName("빈 이름 입력 시 예외 발생")
+    @Test
+    void 빈_이름_예외() {
+        assertSimpleTest(() ->
+                assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException(",,", "5"))
+                        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @DisplayName("중복된 자동차 이름 입력 시 예외 발생")
+    @Test
+    void 중복_이름_예외() {
+        assertSimpleTest(() ->
+                assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException("pobi,pobi,jun", "3"))
+                        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @DisplayName("시도 횟수가 음수면 예외 발생")
+    @Test
+    void 음수_시도횟수_예외() {
+        assertSimpleTest(() ->
+                assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException("pobi,woni", "-1"))
+                        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @DisplayName("시도 횟수가 숫자가 아니면 예외 발생")
+    @Test
+    void 숫자아닌_입력_예외() {
+        assertSimpleTest(() ->
+                assertThatThrownBy(() -> runException("pobi,woni", "abc"))
+                        .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @DisplayName("우승자가 여러 명일 경우 쉼표로 구분하여 안내한다")
+    @Test
+    void 공동_우승자_테스트() {
+        assertRandomNumberInRangeTest(
+                () -> {
+                    run("pobi,woni", "1");
+                    String output = output();
+                    assertThat(output)
+                            .contains("최종 우승자 :"); // 공동 여부는 값에 따라 매번 달라질 수 있어 형식만 확인
+                },
+                MOVING_FORWARD, MOVING_FORWARD
         );
     }
 

From 86efdb4be29b6c802462df7f3605ee786e35dea1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 21:59:35 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 19/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20=EC=9A=B0=EC=8A=B9=EC=9E=90?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20=ED=8C=90=EB=B3=84=20=EB=A1=9C=EC=A7=81=20=EB=A9=94=EC=84=9C?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=93=9C=20=EB=B6=84=EB=A6=AC=EB=A1=9C=20=EA=B0=80=EB=8F=85?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=84=B1=20=EA=B0=9C=EC=84=A0?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Cars.getWinners() 내부의 최대 이동거리 계산과 우승자 필터링 로직을
findMaxPosition(), findCarsWithPosition()으로 분리함.
메서드의 단일 책임을 명확히 하고 코드의 의도를 쉽게 파악할 수 있도록 리팩토링함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java | 13 ++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
index 4ea1537f4c..a6cbcfbc4e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
@@ -28,13 +28,20 @@ public List<Car> getCars() {
     }
 
     public List<Car> getWinners() {
-        int maxPosition = cars.stream()
+        int maxPosition = findMaxPosition();
+        return findCarsWithPosition(maxPosition);
+    }
+
+    private int findMaxPosition() {
+        return cars.stream()
                 .mapToInt(Car::getPosition)
                 .max()
                 .orElse(0);
+    }
 
+    private List<Car> findCarsWithPosition(int position) {
         return cars.stream()
-                .filter(car -> car.getPosition() == maxPosition)
-                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                .filter(car -> car.getPosition() == position)
+                .toList();
     }
 }

From efc8369cb4c9539feb117136d5cbbd1361bad01d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 22:14:20 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 20/27] =?UTF-8?q?fix:=20=EB=B9=88=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=A6=84?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=A7=8C=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=EB=90=9C=20=EA=B2=BD=EC=9A=B0=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=98=88=EC=99=B8=20=EC=B2=98=EB=A6=AC=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=95=A8?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

구분자만 입력되어 유효한 자동차 이름이 하나도 없는 경우를 검출하도록 보완함
- split 이후 유효 이름 개수 확인하여 0개일 때 IllegalArgumentException 발생시키도록 처리함
- 잘못된 입력을 조기에 차단하여 이후 로직 진행을 방지함
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java | 13 +++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index af93ba7e7b..6c1be71b21 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -11,10 +11,19 @@ public List<String> readCarNames(){
         System.out.println("경주할 자동차 이름을 입력하세요.(이름은 쉼표(,) 기준으로 구분)");
         String input = Console.readLine();
 
-        return Arrays.stream(input.split(","))
+        List<String> carNames = Arrays.stream(input.split(","))
                 .map(String::trim)
-                .peek(Validator::validateCarName)
+                .map(name -> {
+                    Validator.validateCarName(name);
+                    return name;
+                })
                 .toList();
+
+        if (carNames.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("경주할 자동차 이름은 최소 한 개 이상 입력해야 합니다.");
+        }
+
+        return carNames;
     }
 
     public int readAttemptCount(){

From c4b3375472d7828a612f129f27c589738e825af2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 22:47:11 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 21/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20Validator=EB=A5=BC=20util?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=97=90=EC=84=9C=20domain=20=ED=8C=A8=ED=82=A4=EC=A7=80?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=A1=9C=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=8F=99?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

검증 로직이 도메인 규칙에 해당하므로 domain 패키지로 위치를 조정함
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/{util => domain}/Validator.java | 2 +-
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java             | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 rename src/main/java/racingcar/{util => domain}/Validator.java (95%)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java
similarity index 95%
rename from src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
rename to src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java
index 93df705258..4e3794ff13 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/util/Validator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package racingcar.util;
+package racingcar.domain;
 
 public final class Validator {
     private Validator() {}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index 6c1be71b21..807f79ecc2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package racingcar.view;
 
 import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.Console;
-import racingcar.util.Validator;
+import racingcar.domain.Validator;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;

From 117d6f5494c6e1ceae6d90028eefb6078ef26bfd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 22:49:52 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 22/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20Car=20=ED=81=B4=EB=9E=98?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=8A=A4=EC=97=90=EC=84=9C=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=A6=84=20=EA=B2=80?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=A6=9D=20=EB=A1=9C=EC=A7=81=20=EB=82=B4=EB=B6=80=ED=99=94?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Car 객체 생성 시 자체적으로 이름의 유효성을 검증하도록 변경함. 또한 이름 길이 제한과 이동 기준값을 상수로 분리해 가독성과 유지보수성을 개선함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java | 15 ++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
index df4864182b..39b24f8fd8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Car.java
@@ -1,15 +1,28 @@
 package racingcar.domain;
 
 public class Car {
+    private static final int MAX_NAME_LENGTH = 5;
+    private static final int FORWARD_THRESHOLD = 4;
+
     private final String name;
     private int position = 0;
 
     public Car(String name) {
+        validateName(name);
         this.name = name;
     }
 
+    private void validateName(String name) {
+        if (name == null || name.isBlank()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 공백일 수 없습니다.");
+        }
+        if (name.length() > MAX_NAME_LENGTH) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 5자 이하만 가능합니다.");
+        }
+    }
+
     public void move(int randomNumber) {
-        if (randomNumber >= 4) position++;
+        if (randomNumber >= FORWARD_THRESHOLD) position++;
     }
 
     public String getName() { return name; }

From 1ec5cd8545935cd9dd535e8b0098f5cc912e6949 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 23:22:04 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 23/27] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20Cars=20=ED=81=B4=EB=9E=98?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=8A=A4=EC=97=90=20=EC=A4=91=EB=B3=B5=20=EC=9D=B4=EB=A6=84=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B2=80=EC=A6=9D=20=EA=B8=B0=EB=8A=A5=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

자동차 목록 생성 시 이름 중복 여부를 확인하고, 비어있는 목록이 전달될 경우 예외를 발생시키도록 검증 로직을 추가함.
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java | 12 ++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
index a6cbcfbc4e..dd09701644 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Cars.java
@@ -13,9 +13,21 @@ public class Cars {
     private final List<Car> cars;
 
     public Cars(List<Car> cars) {
+        validateNoDuplicateNames(cars);
         this.cars = List.copyOf(cars);
     }
 
+    private void validateNoDuplicateNames(List<Car> cars) {
+        long uniqueNameCount = cars.stream()
+                .map(Car::getName)
+                .distinct()
+                .count();
+
+        if (uniqueNameCount != cars.size()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 중복될 수 없습니다.");
+        }
+    }
+
     public void moveAll() {
         for (Car car : cars) {
             int random = RandomNumberGenerator.generateInRange(RANDOM_MIN, RANDOM_MAX);

From fe3f342f17130c23a8a63cfbd8d4df4240b55811 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 23:24:20 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 24/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20InputView=EC=97=90=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B8=B0=EB=B3=B8=20=EC=9E=85=EB=A0=A5=20=ED=98=95=EC=8B=9D=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EA=B2=80=EC=A6=9D=20=EC=B6=94=EA=B0=80?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

자동차 이름이 없거나 공백만 입력된 경우 예외를 발생시키도록 입력 형식을 검증함
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java | 22 +++++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index 807f79ecc2..a63edaa5c1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -13,27 +13,29 @@ public List<String> readCarNames(){
 
         List<String> carNames = Arrays.stream(input.split(","))
                 .map(String::trim)
-                .map(name -> {
-                    Validator.validateCarName(name);
-                    return name;
-                })
                 .toList();
 
+        validateNotEmpty(carNames);
+
+        return carNames;
+    }
+
+    private void validateNotEmpty(List<String> carNames) {
         if (carNames.isEmpty()) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("경주할 자동차 이름은 최소 한 개 이상 입력해야 합니다.");
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름을 입력해주세요.");
         }
 
-        return carNames;
+        if (carNames.stream().allMatch(String::isEmpty)) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름을 입력해주세요.");
+        }
     }
 
     public int readAttemptCount(){
-        System.out.println("시도할 횟수를 입력하세요.");
+        System.out.println("시도할 횟수는 몇 회인가요?");
         String input = Console.readLine();
 
         try {
-            int attemptCount = Integer.parseInt(input);
-            Validator.validateAttemptCount(attemptCount);
-            return attemptCount;
+            return Integer.parseInt(input);
         } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("시도 횟수는 정수만 입력할 수 있습니다.");
         }

From 72ee058e908adae5c67fd266eea42950e739ca6b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 23:30:39 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 25/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20=EC=8B=9C=EB=8F=84=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=9A=9F=EC=88=98=EB=A5=BC=20=EA=B0=92=20=EA=B0=9D=EC=B2=B4?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EB=A1=9C=20=EC=BA=A1=EC=8A=90=ED=99=94?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

AttemptCount 값을 별도 객체로 분리해 시도 횟수 검증을 도메인 내부에서 처리하도록 변경함
---
 .../java/racingcar/domain/AttemptCount.java   | 22 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/AttemptCount.java

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/AttemptCount.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/AttemptCount.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b2de347251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/AttemptCount.java
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package racingcar.domain;
+
+public class AttemptCount {
+    private static final int MIN_COUNT = 1;
+
+    private final int value;
+
+    public AttemptCount(int value) {
+        validateCount(value);
+        this.value = value;
+    }
+
+    private void validateCount(int count) {
+        if (count < MIN_COUNT) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("시도 횟수는 1 이상이어야 합니다.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int getValue() {
+        return value;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file

From 7c8c3cd1c656a22f455d855d0eebb0108c2418e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 23:32:54 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 26/27] =?UTF-8?q?refactor:=20Controller=EB=A5=BC=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=ED=9D=90=EB=A6=84=20=EC=A0=9C=EC=96=B4=EC=97=90=EB=A7=8C=20?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=A7=91=EC=A4=91=ED=95=98=EB=8F=84=EB=A1=9D=20=EA=B0=9C?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=84=A0?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

AttemptCount 값 객체를 사용해 시도 횟수 검증을 도메인으로 위임하고, Controller는 입력과 실행 흐름 제어에만 집중하도록 역할을 정리함
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
index acb114c497..464887fcae 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/controller/RacingController.java
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package racingcar.controller;
 
+import racingcar.domain.AttemptCount;
 import racingcar.domain.Car;
 import racingcar.domain.Cars;
 import racingcar.view.InputView;
@@ -13,7 +14,9 @@ public class RacingController {
 
     public void start(){
         List<String> carNames = inputView.readCarNames();
-        int attemptCount = inputView.readAttemptCount();
+        int attemptCountInput = inputView.readAttemptCount();
+
+        AttemptCount attemptCount = new AttemptCount(attemptCountInput);
 
         List<Car> carList = carNames.stream()
                 .map(Car::new)
@@ -22,7 +25,7 @@ public void start(){
         Cars cars = new Cars(carList);
 
         outputView.printStartMessage();
-        for (int i = 0; i < attemptCount; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < attemptCount.getValue(); i++) {
             cars.moveAll();
             outputView.printRoundResult(cars);
         }

From 4ab1ec67237a53e5d81bc864729324f8c73d9ed3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Eunbi Kim <2271240@hansung.ac.kr>
Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2025 23:33:18 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 27/27] =?UTF-8?q?remove:=20=EC=82=AC=EC=9A=A9=ED=95=98?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=A7=80=20=EC=95=8A=EB=8A=94=20Validator=20=ED=81=B4=EB=9E=98?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=EC=8A=A4=20=EC=A0=9C=EA=B1=B0?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

검증 로직이 도메인 객체로 이동해 Validator 클래스가 더 이상 필요하지 않아 삭제함
---
 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java | 20 -------------------
 src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java   |  1 -
 2 files changed, 21 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java

diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 4e3794ff13..0000000000
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/domain/Validator.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-package racingcar.domain;
-
-public final class Validator {
-    private Validator() {}
-
-    public static void validateCarName(String name) {
-        if (name.isBlank()) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 공백일 수 없습니다.");
-        }
-        if (name.length() > 5) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("자동차 이름은 5자 이하만 가능합니다.");
-        }
-    }
-
-    public static void validateAttemptCount(int count) {
-        if (count <= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("시도 횟수는 1회 이상이어야 합니다.");
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
index a63edaa5c1..9fcd17d5e5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/racingcar/view/InputView.java
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package racingcar.view;
 
 import camp.nextstep.edu.missionutils.Console;
-import racingcar.domain.Validator;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;