fix: remove emptied lineages from non_empty_histories in truncate

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 - [BREAKING] Refactored BLAKE3 to use `Digest<N>` struct, added `Digest192` type alias ([#811](https://github.com/0xMiden/crypto/pull/811)).
 - [BREAKING] Removed `hashbrown` dependency and `hashmaps` feature; `Map`/`Set` type aliases are now tied to the `std` feature ([#813](https://github.com/0xMiden/crypto/pull/813)).
+- Fixed `LargeSmtForest::truncate` to remove emptied lineages from `non_empty_histories` ([#818](https://github.com/0xMiden/crypto/pull/818)).
 - [BREAKING] Renamed `NodeIndex::value()` to `NodeIndex::position()`, `NodeIndex::is_value_odd()` to `NodeIndex::is_position_odd()`, and `LeafIndex::value()` to `LeafIndex::position()` ([#814](https://github.com/0xMiden/crypto/pull/814)).
 
 ## 0.22.2 (2026-02-01)

miden-crypto/src/merkle/smt/large_forest/mod.rs

@@ -255,7 +255,9 @@ impl<B: Backend> LargeSmtForest<B> {
             }
         });
 
-        self.non_empty_histories.extend(newly_empty);
+        for l in &newly_empty {
+            self.non_empty_histories.remove(l);
+        }
     }
 }
 

miden-crypto/src/merkle/smt/large_forest/tests.rs

@@ -1 +1,161 @@
 //! This module contains the handwritten tests for the SMT forest.
+
+#![cfg(all(test, feature = "std"))]
+
+use alloc::vec::Vec;
+
+use super::{
+    LargeSmtForest, LineageData,
+    backend::{self, Backend, MutationSet},
+    history::{History, LeafChanges, NodeChanges},
+    operation::{SmtForestUpdateBatch, SmtUpdateBatch},
+    root::{LineageId, RootValue, TreeEntry, TreeId, VersionId},
+};
+use crate::{Map, Set, Word, merkle::smt::SmtProof, rand::test_utils::rand_value};
+
+// MOCK BACKEND
+// ================================================================================================
+
+/// A minimal mock backend for testing forest methods that do not touch the backend.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct MockBackend;
+
+impl Backend for MockBackend {
+    fn open(&self, _: LineageId, _: Word) -> backend::Result<SmtProof> {
+        unimplemented!("not needed for this test")
+    }
+
+    fn get(&self, _: LineageId, _: Word) -> backend::Result<Option<Word>> {
+        unimplemented!("not needed for this test")
+    }
+
+    fn version(&self, _: LineageId) -> backend::Result<VersionId> {
+        unimplemented!("not needed for this test")
+    }
+
+    fn lineages(&self) -> backend::Result<impl Iterator<Item = LineageId>> {
+        Ok(core::iter::empty())
+    }
+
+    fn trees(&self) -> backend::Result<impl Iterator<Item = (TreeId, RootValue)>> {
+        Ok(core::iter::empty())
+    }
+
+    fn entry_count(&self, _: TreeId) -> backend::Result<usize> {
+        unimplemented!("not needed for this test")
+    }
+
+    fn entries(&self, _: TreeId) -> backend::Result<impl Iterator<Item = TreeEntry>> {
+        Ok(core::iter::empty())
+    }
+
+    fn update_tree(
+        &mut self,
+        _: LineageId,
+        _: VersionId,
+        _: SmtUpdateBatch,
+    ) -> backend::Result<MutationSet> {
+        unimplemented!("not needed for this test")
+    }
+
+    fn update_forest(
+        &mut self,
+        _: VersionId,
+        _: SmtForestUpdateBatch,
+    ) -> backend::Result<Vec<MutationSet>> {
+        unimplemented!("not needed for this test")
+    }
+}
+
+// TESTS
+// ================================================================================================
+
+/// Regression test: `truncate` must remove lineages whose histories become empty from
+/// `non_empty_histories`. Previously, `extend` was used instead of `remove`, which caused emptied
+/// lineages to be incorrectly retained (or even duplicated) in the set.
+#[test]
+fn truncate_removes_emptied_lineages_from_non_empty_histories() {
+    let lineage: LineageId = rand_value();
+    let root: Word = rand_value();
+
+    // Build a lineage with one historical version at version 5, and a latest version of 10.
+    let mut history = History::empty(4);
+    let nodes = NodeChanges::default();
+    let leaves = LeafChanges::default();
+    history.add_version(rand_value(), 5, nodes, leaves).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(history.num_versions(), 1);
+
+    let lineage_data = LineageData {
+        history,
+        latest_version: 10,
+        latest_root: root,
+    };
+
+    let mut lineage_map = Map::default();
+    lineage_map.insert(lineage, lineage_data);
+
+    let mut non_empty = Set::default();
+    non_empty.insert(lineage);
+
+    let mut forest = LargeSmtForest {
+        backend: MockBackend,
+        lineage_data: lineage_map,
+        non_empty_histories: non_empty,
+    };
+
+    // Sanity: the lineage is tracked as having a non-empty history.
+    assert!(forest.non_empty_histories.contains(&lineage));
+
+    // Truncate to a version >= latest_version, which clears the history entirely.
+    forest.truncate(10);
+
+    // The lineage's history should now be empty, and it must have been removed from the set.
+    assert!(
+        !forest.non_empty_histories.contains(&lineage),
+        "emptied lineage must be removed from non_empty_histories after truncation"
+    );
+}
+
+/// Verifies that `truncate` retains lineages in `non_empty_histories` when their history is only
+/// partially truncated and still contains versions.
+#[test]
+fn truncate_retains_non_empty_lineages_in_non_empty_histories() {
+    let lineage: LineageId = rand_value();
+    let root: Word = rand_value();
+
+    // Build a lineage with two historical versions (5 and 8), latest version 15.
+    let mut history = History::empty(4);
+    let nodes = NodeChanges::default();
+    let leaves = LeafChanges::default();
+    history.add_version(rand_value(), 5, nodes.clone(), leaves.clone()).unwrap();
+    history.add_version(rand_value(), 8, nodes, leaves).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(history.num_versions(), 2);
+
+    let lineage_data = LineageData {
+        history,
+        latest_version: 15,
+        latest_root: root,
+    };
+
+    let mut lineage_map = Map::default();
+    lineage_map.insert(lineage, lineage_data);
+
+    let mut non_empty = Set::default();
+    non_empty.insert(lineage);
+
+    let mut forest = LargeSmtForest {
+        backend: MockBackend,
+        lineage_data: lineage_map,
+        non_empty_histories: non_empty,
+    };
+
+    // Truncate to version 7: removes versions older than 7, but version 8 should remain.
+    // Since version < latest_version (15), LineageData::truncate returns false.
+    forest.truncate(7);
+
+    // The history still has data, so the lineage must stay in non_empty_histories.
+    assert!(
+        forest.non_empty_histories.contains(&lineage),
+        "lineage with remaining history must stay in non_empty_histories"
+    );
+}